The Gascon Rolls Project

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C 61/101 12-14 Richard II (1388-1391)

Introduction

Following the collapse of Richard II's position and authority in the face of the Lords Appellent, the king had been endeavouring to recover his position. Although this was aided by disagreements amonst the Appellents, the king still needed to to find ways to shore up his position. This might account for the recall of John of Gaunt, the king's uncle, and his lieutenant in Aquitaine, in 1389. The recall explicitly states that it was so that Gaunt could advise the king on good governance and other great and urgent business, as well as on the future governance of the duchy, which might well be an early indication of the king's plans to grant the duchy to Gaunt for life. ¹

With this in mind, prominent amongst the contents of this roll is the grant of the duchy of Aquitaine to John of Gaunt, the king's uncle. The grant proved to be a very problematic affair, for whilst it served Richard II well in removing the most important and powerful of his magnates from England at a time when the king was attempting to recover his authority after the events of 1387-8, it was not received well in Aquitaine. Gaunt had already served one term as lieutenant in Aquitaine under Richard II, and this period had not been a happy experience for Gaunt and the king's subjects there. For the king to appoint Gaunt as duke was to ride roughshod over the traditional relationship of the king with his subjects in Aquitaine. Hitherto the king had recognised that the duchy could only be held by the king in person, or by his eldest son and heir. In fact, only Henry III, Edward II and Edward III had actually gone as far as granting lordship in Aquitaine to their heirs, the future Edward I receiving a grant of lordship there though not the title of duke in 1252-4, Edward II giving the duchy to the future Edward III in order to pay homage to the king of France in 1325, and Edward III creating the principality of Aquitaine for his son and heir, Edward of Woodstock in 1362. The grant to Gaunt, even though it was for Gaunt's life only, and preserved the king's sovereign authority, was, therefore, against the established custom. That the problem was quickly recognised can be seen by two entries on this roll, both being grants of the duchy to Gaunt. ² The two entries, both dated to 2 March 1390, are very similar, but the uncancelled version has important, and significant additional clauses. Firstly the strategically important castle of Fronsac had to be kept in the duke's own hands and could not be alienated by him, and secondly, and more importantly, it had to be made clear that the king was suspending, but not cancelling, the traditional relationship between the king-duke and the duchy. In fact, Richard II was forced to reassert to the inhabitants of the duchy that Aquitaine would remain united with England after the death of Gaunt. ³ On 2 March 1390 Richard II took a radical decision in order to give enough financial means to his uncle to govern Aquitaine, the lack of these means having been the main weakness at the end of the principality of his father: he cancelled all the gifts and grants of lands given by him and his predecessors in Aquitaine. ⁴ Of course, such a bold move raised many protests and risked the alienation of some key supporters of the Anglo-Gascon cause whose support had been essential for the maintenance of the duchy since the offensives of the duke of Anjou in 1374 and 1377. Consequently, and logically, this decision was repealed in November 1390. ⁵

This grant of the duchy to Gaunt, which was probably a tool towards obtaining in the near future a final peace with France, risked the creation of havoc in the government of the duchy. This is why this roll is filled with so many entries concerned with local ad hoc commissions of oyer and terminer which the king appointed to determine several pending cases without any intervention from Gaunt and his officers. ⁶ Among these cases we can emphasise the rare complaints of some Gascon individuals of modest status living around Bordeaux, led by members of the Colignan family who did not want to be considered as questaux (serfs). ⁷ Some of these people had obtained the king's safeguard in order to be protected against those asserted they were their questaux (the abbot and convent of Sainte-Croix of Bordeaux, Bertran Caillau and his daughter, Arnaut-Guilhem de Lamothe and his wife). ⁸

One entry concerns the reexamination in August 1389 of the case in February 1389 against Guilhem Boneu, former clerk of the community of Bordeaux (head of its administration). ⁹ We have in the French National Archives a transcript of the trial of February 1389 which gives plenty of details on the crimes of treason and lese-majesty on which he was accused. This entry suggests Boneu was strongly supported by a local and influential group of men as it is obvious in reading another entry asserting that the community of Bordeaux had stopped the payment of the wages of its mayor of Bordeaux David Craddock (appointed by the king) after the arrest of Boneu around May 1388. ¹⁰ We also have the pardon delivered to Guilhem des Camps, burgess of Bordeaux, because he had opened a gate of Bordeaux permitting the escape of Bernat Salamon, then abbot of Sainte-Croix of Bordeaux, accused of treason towards the king of England. ¹¹ This latter was eventually recaptured and sentenced to death by the official of Bordeaux (the judge of the archbishop of Bordeaux).

The two men of Libourne who were involved in the arrest of the vicomte of Fronsac Guilhem-Sans IV de Pommiers, who had in 1377 been accused of treason against the king of England, and in the seizure of the powerful castle of Fronsac, were placed under the protection of the king because they had been injured by some of Pommiers kinsmen and friends. ¹²

The burgesses of Libourne obtained from Richard II a ban on taxes imposed on their wines by the community of Bordeaux. ¹³

International diplomacy is present in this roll with some consequences of the treaty of Bayonne (July 1388) where John of Gaunt gave up his claim to the Castilian throne, particularly the 60 Castilian hostages sent to England. ¹⁴

Some entries concern the truce of Leulinghen (18 July 1389) made with the king of France, particularly the breaches of this truce by Gascon routiers of the English party. ¹⁵ Protection was given to the French delegates in charge to expel the routiers who were occupying castles and places in French held territories. ¹⁶ The king even ordered some of his English and Gascon captains as well as Galhart II de Durfort to evacuate the fortresses and return the men and cattle which had been taken by the Anglo-Gascon routiers since the signing of the truce. ¹⁷

Despite attempts to negotiate with the count of Armagnac and the lord of Albret, the two main Gascon lords of the French party, ¹⁸ Richard II and the local Anglo-Gascon government allied with their enemy Gaston Fébus, count of Foix and vicomte of Béarn in order to defend what was left of the duchy. This diplomatic alliance was obtained by cancelling the sum owed by Fébus to the king of England because of the ransom of the count of Denia who had been captured at the battle of Nájera (3 April 1367). ¹⁹ In 1371, Fébus guaranteed part of the payment of Denia's ransom but never paid to the English the money Denia sent to him, a move which was clearly fraudulent.

John of Gaunt request that the king acknowledge that the powerful lordship of Caumont, which had had no lord of its own since 1360, be granted to Nonpar de Caumont, a man issuing from a cadet branch of the Caumont family which had conquered Caumont from the French. ²⁰ This new position permitted Nonpar to become the pillar of the English party in Agenais, a position which explains his appointment as seneschal of the Agenais by John of Gaunt as duke of Aquitaine in 1395. ²¹ Arnaut Buade, the son of the Gaunt's castellan of Bergerac before the French conquest of this town in 1377, was granted as a compensation the baylie of the nearby town of Sainte-Foy-la-Grande. ²² The long service in Gascony of the Cheschire knight John Stratton, constable of Bordeaux from 1381 to 1386 and an exceptional case of an Englishman married to a Gascon noble heiress (the heiress of the lordship of Landiras), was rewarded by being raised to the status of burgess of Bordeaux, a status giving exemption on wine taxes and which was close to ennoblement without a specific royal grant. ²³

Several entries deal with the English involved in Aquitaine or English-related matters. We can mention the attempt to seize the sums of money and goods that were owned in Bordeaux by the Richard II's favourite Nicholas Brembre who had been executed following the complaints of the lords appellant. ²⁴ The goods of John Hauley (or Hawley), a prominent citizen of Dartmouth, had been seized by the Bayonne authorities because Hauley had levied at Dartmouth on Bayonne merchants a royal subsidy he had obtained as a farm. ²⁵ There is also the affair of John Bond where several Breton mariners and their goods had been arrested at Bayonne at Bond's request but released by the Bayonnais. ²⁶ The Landaise region of Marensin was claimed both by John Holland, earl of Huntingdon, who received it from the king in 1380 and the veteran soldier Matthew Gournay who asserted he had it by right of conquest. ²⁷

Simon Harris & Guilhem Pépin..

1.: entry 43 .
2.: For the cancelled version, see entry 77 . For the revised uncancelled version, see entry 87
3.: See entry 112 .
4.: See entry 90 .
5.: See entry 113 .
6.: See entry 51 , entry 66 , , entry , entry 85 , entry 98 , entry 105 , entry 107 , entry 111 , entry , , entry .
7.: See entry 66 , entry 67 , entry , entry 119 .
8.: See entry 22 , entry 23 .
9.: See entry 37 , entry 38 , entry 39 .
10.: See entry 14 .
11.: See entry 48 .
12.: See entry 2 .
13.: See entry 24 .
14.: See entry 9 , entry 10 .
15.: See entry 100 , entry 72 .
16.: See entry 99 .
17.: See entry 100 .
18.: See entry 115 , entry 116 .
19.: See entry 78 .
20.: See entry 81 .
21.: See entry in C 61/106 .
22.: See entry 69 .
23.: See entry 8 .
24.: See entry 25 .
25.: See entry 41 , entry 63 .
26.: See entry 85 .
27.: See entry 55 . Finally, one of the letters of protection record the existance of a chapel dedicated to Saint Thomas of Canterbury in the castle of Bordeaux. ²⁸
28.: The letters of protection were for John Little, a chaplain, and also keeper of the chapel, who was going to Aquitaine with John of Gaunt, to reside there with William le Scrope, kt, Gaunt's lieutenant ( entry 86 ).

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1: 1 July 1388 . Westm' Westminster . For the transport of wheat.

To all admirals etc.

Grant of a licence to John More of Sandwicum Sandwich , that he can take 1,200 quarters of wheat bought in England, loaded onto ships in the port of Sandwicum Sandwich , to Burdeg' Bordeaux , Baion' Bayonne or Lusshebon' Lisbon in Portugal to trade with. More had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because Halle John Hall of Dovorr' Dover , and Coumbe Thomas Combe personally mainprised before the king in chancery that More would take the wheat to those places and nowhere else, under the penalty of twice the value of the wheat, and that More would bring into chancery letters testimonial sealed with the common seal or seal of the mayor or prévôt of those towns, attesting to the discharge of the cargo there. It is ordered that More be permitted to take the wheat from Sandwich to those places, first paying the customs due to the king, whatsoever ordnances or proclamations of the king to them to the contrary notwithstanding.

2

25 June 1388 . The in palacio Regis Westm' palace of Westminster . For Monicot de Sireis and Guiraut Provost.

Order to the seneschal of Aquitaine and all other officers of the king, and their lieutenants, to protect and defend Ciryce Monicot de Sireis and Guiraut Provost , esquires living in Leybourne Libourne , against any damage done to their bodies or their goods through a request made by any party to any king's judges or officers on this side of the sea or overseas because of the cause mentioned below, and Sireis and Provost as well as the other persons involved in the seizure of the castle of Fronsac, and its lord will have warrant. Sireis and Provost have supplicated the king that when the late Thomas de Felton, kt , was seneschal of Aquitaine , he had been informed that the Fronsak lord of Fronsac ¹ took the oath and became allied to the king's adversary of France ² and ordered both them and certain other men-at-arms being then in Felton's retinue that they had to forthwith provide remedy without delay, under grave pain if they did not do it, to seize the castle [of Fronsac] in the king's hands and arrest the lord of Fronsac, and Sireis and Provost obeyed Felton, seized this castle and arrested the lord of Fronsac and delivered this castle to Felton, for which reasons the kinsmen and friends of the lord of Fronsac did harm their bodies and did to them great damage.

By p.s.

1.: Guilhem-Sans IV de Pommiers , vicomte of Fronsac, sentenced to death in 1377 for treason by the court of Gascony headed by Thomas Felton, seneschal of Aquitaine.
2.: Charles V of France.

3: 6 July 1388 . Westm' Westminster . For protection.

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for one year, for John [of Gaunt], king of Castile and León , duke of Lancaster , who is staying in Aquitaine, in the king's service.

By bill of p.s.

4

14 July 1388 . Westm' Westminster . For protection.

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for one year, for Richard Savage, citizen and vintner of London , who is going to Aquitaine, in the king's service, to reside there with Gedeney John de Gedney, constable of Bordeaux . ¹

By bill of p.s.

1.: For other letters of protection for the same individual on this roll, see entry 77 and entry .

For general attorneys.

5: 19 August 1388 . Norhampton' Northampton .

Letters of general attorney in England, for one year, for Walter Thornholm, parson of the church of Wynnewyk Winwick , who is going to Aquitaine in the king's service, and staying there in the company of John [of Gaunt], king of Castile and León, duke of Lancaster , nominating John de Burton and Tildeslee Thomas Tyldesley , alternately.

John de Burton, clerk , received the attorneys.

6: Same as above

The same Walter [Thornholm] , has similar letters of general attorney, nominating Holm Walter de Holme and John Galoun .

The same John de Burton received the attorneys.

7: Same as above

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for one year, for Walter Thornholm, parson of the church of Wynnewyk Wynwyk , who is going to Aquitaine, in the king's service, to stay there in the company of the king's uncle John [of Gaunt], king of Castile and León, duke of Lancaster .

By bill of p.s.

8: 18 July 1388 . Westm' Westminster . For John de Stratton, lord of Landiras.

Grant by the king's special grace, and with the assent of his council, to John de Stratton, kt , Landirans lord of Landiras , and his heirs, for the great service that he has done to the king's father and grandfather, and to the king, and continues to do, that he can use and enjoy the privileges, customs, liberties and franchises which the king and his progenitors have granted to the mayor, jurats and community of Burdegal' Bordeaux , and their predecessors, as if Stratton and his heirs were or had been burgesses of Bordeaux without any impediment, any statutes, privileges or letters to the contrary notwithstanding.

By p.s.

For a safe conduct.

26 August 1388 . Westm' Westminster .

To all admirals etc.

Letters of protection and safe-conduct for one year granted to 60 people, of whatever status or condition, who are hostages for the security of the payment to be made to John [of Gaunt], king of Castile and León , duke of Lancaster , by Johannes Henrici Juan Enriquez , holder of the kingdoms of Castile and León, because of an agreement and treaty made between them, ¹ the king having received them together with their equipment into his protection and safe-keeping. They are to be able to come through the king's cities, towns, places, castles, fortalices, lands, ports, territories and districts, by land and sea, and reside there in the company of Gaunt, or those deputed by him to keep them. The king orders that they be maintained, protected and defended, and provided with all the victuals and all the other necessary expenses, and no injury, trouble, damage, violence, arrest, impediment or harm is to be permitted to be done to them, and anything that has been done is to be put right without delay provided they have conducted themselves well and peacefully.

By K. and C.

1.: This is the treaty of Bayonne made between John of Gaunt and Juan I, king of Castile (1379-90) in July 1388. See The Treaty of Bayonne (1388) with preliminary Treaties of Trancoso (1387) , ed. J. Palmer and B. Powell (Exeter, 1988).

Same as above

To the same.

Letters of protection granted for one year, at the request of John [of Gaunt], duke of Lancaster , the king's paternal uncle, and his wife Constanza [of Castile] , to the proctors, ambassadors and negotiators of the king of Castile and León, and their households, up to 60 persons, with three ships, to come into the lands and places within the king's lordship and jurisdiction and reside there for the making of a payment to the duke and duchess or either of them, of money in francs and return home, the king having received them, their goods, property and equipment into his protection in his safe and secure conduct, protection and safe-keeping. when they come to the king's lands and places, stay there and return to their country, as well as to their goods and harness. The payment is to be made because of an agreement made between the duke and duchess, and Juan [I], king of Castile and León . ¹ The king orders that no injury, trouble, damage, violence, arrest, impediment or harm is to be permitted to be done to them, and anything that has been done is to be put right without delay provided they have conducted themselves well and peacefully.

By K. and C.

1.: According to the treaty of Bayonne (July 1388), Juan I of Castile had to pay to John of Gaunt and Constanza the sum of 600,000 fr. and 40,000 fr by year for their lifetime. See The Treaty of Bayonne (1388) with preliminary Treaties of Trancoso (1387) , ed. J. Palmer and B. Powell (Exeter, 1988).

11

26 August 1388 . Westm' Westminster . For Thomas Girdeler and others .

Order to the seneschal of Aquitaine, the constable of Bordeaux, the mayor of the city of Bordeaux , and the other judges of [Aquitaine], that if the sum of 200 gold francs in which Sires Ramon de Sireis and Domyngo Johan Domenge , merchants of Bordeaux, are bound by an obligatory instrument for Monader Ramon Monadey, burgess of Bordeaux , to Thomas Girdeler, citizen of London , and Thomas Asshenden, Dertemuth merchant of the town of Dartmouth , ¹ to be paid to them at Bordeaux on 29 September 1388, is not paid at that time, they are to view that instrument, and also another instrument in which Monadey binds himself to acquit Sireis and Domenge, and compel Monadey to make the payment to Girdeler and Asshenden, according to the effect of the instrument, just as by right and according to the laws, fors and customs ought to be done, any letters to the contrary notwithstanding.

By p.s.

1.: On him (d. 1393) see: http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1386-1421/member/asshenden-thomas-i-1393

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By Arnaut-Guilhem de Gaston.

12: 8 October 1388 . Cantebrigg' Cambridge .

Grant for life to Gaston' Arnaut-Guilhem de Gaston, king's serjeant-at-arms , of 12 d.st. per day of English money from the tithe of the wine coming down from the Haut-Pays on the river Garon' Garonne to the city of Bordeaux , receiving this sum by the hands of the constable of Bordeaux from the issues of the castle of Bordeaux .

By K.

13: Same as above

And it is ordered to the constable of Bordeaux to pay the sum of 12 d. granted to Arnaut[-Guilhem de Gaston] each day for his life from the tithe, from the revenue of the castle of Bordeaux , receiving letters of acquittance from Gaston attesting to the payment, by which he will have due allowance in his account.

By K.

14

26 October 1388 . The in palacio nostro Westm' palace of Westminster . For David Craddock .

Order to the Burdeg' jurats of the city of Bordeaux to pay to Cradok David Craddock, mayor of Bordeaux , the wages of his office just as the same mayor previously received, and Multon John Moulton, former mayor of Bordeaux received when he held the office, together with all the arrears without any excuse, and under pain of grave forfeiture if they omit to do so, so that Craddock does not have reason again to complain against them to the king or his council. On behalf of Craddock it has been complained to the king, showing that though he ought to receive the annual wages owed to him as mayor of Bordeaux, and received them before that time, and which Moulton and other mayors before them were accustomed to receive, the jurats by the authority that the king gave them to remove Bonev Guilhem Boneu, former clerk of the city of Bordeaux , ¹ and driven by wicked fervour have unjustly withdrawn a great part of Craddock's wages, to the manifest impoverishment and damage of Craddock's status, for which a remedy has been requested.

By C.

1.: It seems that Guilhem Boneu was arrested in May 1388. On 26 May 1388 Richard II forbade John of Gaunt to take him into his council as king's lieutenant in Aquitaine. See entry in C 61/100 . Furthermore, Boneu's wine was seized in England, see Calendar of the Close Rolls (CCR), 1385-1389 , p.409 (2 June 1388), 415 (5 June) and 521 (18 July). The record of trial made against Guilhem Boneu in February 1389 is preserved in the Archives Nationales de France, Paris (site of Pierrefitte-sur-Seine), 1 AP/1645.

For Protections

27 November 1388 . Westm' Westminster .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for one year, for Par William Parr, kt , who is going to Aquitaine, in the king's service, to reside there in the company of the king's uncle, John [of Gaunt], king of Castile and León , duke of Lancaster .

By bill of p.s.

The following, who are going to Aquitaine in the king's service, to reside there in the company of the king's uncle, have similar letters of protection with clause volumus , for the same duration, under the following dates:

15.1: 6 May 1389 . Westm' Westminster .

Roger Haukeseye of Huntingdonshire , otherwise called Roger Haukeseye of Oggerston' Ogerston .

By bill etc.

For Protections

24 December 1388 . Westm' Westminster .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for one year, for William Daas , who is going to Gascony, in the king's service, to reside there in the company of the king's uncle, John [of Gaunt], duke of Lancaster .

By bill of p.s.

The following, who are going to Aquitaine in the king's service, to reside there in the company of the duke, have similar letters of protection, for the same duration, under the following dates:

16.1: Same as above

Master Assheton' William Ashton, canon of the cathedral church of Lincoln .

By bill etc.

16.2: Same as above

John Clowede of Bristoll' Bristol .

By bill etc.

16.3: 26 February 1389 . Westm' Westminster .

Nicholas Warner .

By bill etc.

17: Same as above

Memorandum that on 4 May in the present year of the king, the king constituted William [of Wykeham], bishop of Winchester , as his chancellor , and he delivered his great seal to the bishop, as appears in a memorandum endorsed on the close roll.

18: 10 June 1389 . Westm' Westminster .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for one year, for Henry Irland, citizen and merchant of London , who is going to Gascony in the king's service, in the company of Gedeneye John de Gedney, constable of Bordeaux , to reside there in the same service.

By bill of p.s.

For Protections

19: 28 January 1389 . Westm' Westminster .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for one year, for Harpeden' John Harpsden, seneschal of Aquitaine , who is residing in Aquitaine, in the king's service.

By bill of p.s.

20: 4 February 1389 . Westm' Westminster .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for one year, for William Sourale , esquire , who is residing in Aquitaine, in the king's service, in the company of Harpeden' John Harpsden, seneschal of Aquitaine .

By bill of p.s.

21: 4 May 1389 . Westm' Westminster .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for one year, for Fissher Robert Fisher of Colnequyncy Wakes Colne , who is residing in Aquitaine, in the king's service, in the company of the king's uncle, John [of Gaunt], duke of Lancaster .

By bill of p.s.

22

18 May 1389 . The in palacio Regis Westm' palace of Westminster . For protection .

To the king's lieutenant or seneschal of Aquitaine, the mayor of Bordeaux , and the prévôt of the Umbrerie Ombrière , or their lieutenants, and also all other seneschals, mayors, jurats, prévôts, officers, ministers and the king's other faithful lieges.

Letters of protection, granted to Arnaut [de Colignan], son of Colinhano, de Johan de Colignan , Johan [de Colignan], son of Colinhano, de Guilhem de Colignan , la Venario, de Arnaut de Labénar , and Arnaut de Murario , parishioners of Sanctus Severinus Saint-Seurin of Bordeaux , situated outside the walls, their wives, children, men, members of their household, servants, lodgings, houses, mills, vineyards, woods, meadows, grazing land and pasture, animals, goods, property, chattels and possessions, as the king, wishing to remove them from harm, and permit them to prosper, has received them into his protection and safe-keeping. The king orders that they should be maintained, protected, preserved and defended from whatsoever kind of injury, violence, damage, oppressions, harm and novelties. The safeguard is to be publicly proclaimed with prohibitions, and signs of the safe-keeping in the form of the king's pennons ¹ are to be placed on their lodgings, houses, mills, vineyards and possessions, so that no-one can claim ignorance as an excuse for actions against the tenor of these letters. Protection is to be given to them by the king's serjeants, if requested, and at the expense of Arnaut and the others.

1.: Signs bearing the coat of arms of the king indicating that they were under the king's safeguard and protection.

23: 18 May 1389 . The in palacio Regis Westm' palace of Westminster . For protection .

la Venar, Bosquato, de Nadau de Labénar du Bouscat, Sanctus Severinus, Burdegal' parishioner of Saint-Seurin of Bordeaux , situated outside the walls, has similar letters of the king for two years.

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24: 24 July 1388 . Westm' Westminster . For the burgesses of the town of Libourne .

Order to the king's lieutenant in Aquitaine, and the seneschal there, and the constable and the king's council of Bordeaux, or their lieutenants, that they strictly enjoin the Burdeg' mayor, citizens and inhabitants of Bordeaux , under grave pain, not to impose any impositions or novelties on the wine or merchandise of the Leybourne burgesses and inhabitants of the town of Libourne who land at, come to and reside in the city contrary to the liberties and privileges granted to them by the king's progenitors, and confirmed to them by the king, and which they used before those times, but that those burgesses and inhabitants be permitted to use and enjoy those liberties without disturbance or difficulty, just as they used to do. If the mayor, citizens and inhabitants act contrary to the prohibition, then the lieutenant and others are to impose suitable penalties so that the burgesses and inhabitants do not complain of the matter again. The king has been informed on behalf of the burgesses and inhabitants of Libourne, that the mayor, citizens and inhabitants of Bordeaux have imposed impositions upon their wines and merchandise when coming to Bordeaux contrary to their liberties, and they have requested a remedy.

By p.s.

25

14 September 1388 . Cantebrigg' Cambridge . For the levying of a sum . ¹

Assignment of the king's kinsman, Thomas de Percy , to demand, levy, collect and receive diligently and speedily, all sums of money and other goods which were owed to Nicholas Brembre, kt , deceased, ² at the time of his forfeiture, and afterwards, and wholly answer to the king, and make due acquitances in the king's name to those debtors and detainers of the sums and goods. It is ordered to all the king's officers, ministers, lieges and faithful subjects to be intendant on, consult with and aid Percy as and when he makes it known. The king has been given to understand that many sums of money and other goods owed to Brembre in Bordeaux and neighbouring areas both by obligations and in other ways, at the time that judgment was rendered against Brembre in parliament, and which forfeited to the king by that forfeiture, ought to pertain to him, and he does not wish to suffer loss.

By C.

1.: A note in the margin states ' extractus '.
2.: Mayor of London (1377-8/1383-5). A favourite of Richard II, he was executed on 20 February 1388.

For the bishop of Aire.

20 August 1388 . Norhampton' Northampton . ¹

Commitment during pleasure to Robert [Waldby], bishop of Adurensis Aire, and Sancta Aquitaria Sainte-Quitterie , of the custody of the seal assigned for the office of the seneschal of Aquitaine; having the same with the fees that pertain to that office, provided he answers to the king from time to time for the profits of the office, by the hands of the constable of Bordeaux.

By K.

1.: A note in the margin states ' extractus '.

27: Same as above

And it is ordered to the constable of Bordeaux to pay the fees of the office of keeper [of the seal assigned for the office of the seneschal of Aquitaine] to the bishop [of Aire] from time to time, according to the tenor of the king's letters, and the king will make due allowance in the constable's account at the exchequer in England.

By K.

28: 26 September 1388 . Cantebrigg' Cambridge . For John de Stratton, lord of Landiras .

Order to the constable of Bordeaux to pay to John de Stratton, lord of Landiras , from the issues of his office, the 1,000 fr. , which the king granted to Stratton, by the assent of his council, as a reward for his good service to the king in Aquitaine in the governance of the same when there was no lieutenant or seneschal there, for three years. The constable is to receive from Stratton his sufficient letters of acquittance, with this order, for him to have allowance in his account at the king's exchequer.

By p.s.

29: 24 September 1388 . Cantebr' Cambridge . For protection .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for one year, for Lullyngton' William Lullington, clerk , who is going to Gascony, in the king's service, to reside there in the company of the king's uncle, John [of Gaunt], king of Castile and León , duke of Lancaster , the king's lieutenant there .

By bill of p.s.

30

8 October 1388 . Cantebr' Cambridge . For the mayor, jurats and community of Bordeaux .

Assignment to Robert [Waldby], Adurensen', Sancta Aquitaria bishop of Aire and Sainte-Quitterie , the king's chancellor of Aquitaine , Gedeney John Gedney, constable of Bordeaux , Master la Rua, de Pey de Larue, procurator fiscal , and Lumbard Thomas Lombard, controller of the castle of Bordeaux , or two of them at least, to summon before them all those who have collected and taken the issues and profits from the imposition granted by the king's letters for the building and repair of the towers and walls of Bordeaux, and others who dealt with and disposed of the same, before them, hear and finally take their accounts, distraining and compelling each of them to render their account, levying and collecting the arrears if there are any, and doing all that is considered necessary for the defence of the pays, by the advice of the king's council there.

Lately the then seneschal of Aquitaine, having been shown by the mayor, jurats and community of Bordeaux that a tower and a great portion of the wall of the city of Burdeg' Bordeaux have collapsed, had granted an imposition for the repair of the same, and also to build a new tower towards the sea, ¹ the imposition being levied on all merchandise coming to the city and being transferred from the hands of one to another in any way, at the rate of twelve pence in the pound upon all the king's rebels and enemies, and six pence in the pound on all those who are loyal to the king, a moiety of the same being paid by the seller, and the other moiety by the buyer, the grant being from Easter 1384 for one year. Afterwards the king confirmed this grant, and granted an additional year to the mayor, jurats and community. Subsequently, the king, by his special grace, granted a further two years to the mayor, jurats and community, provided that the money raised was used for the repairs, and for the building of the tower, and not put to other uses, and that the same was overseen by law-worthy men appointed by the seneschal. The king now understands that some of the money collected has been used for other purposes against the will and intention of the king's confirmation and grants, and wishes to act on this matter.

1.: This means where the river Garonne is influenced by the sea tide.

31

27 November 1388 . Westm' Westminster .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for one year, for Thornholm' Walter Thornholme, clerk , parson of the Wynnewyk church of Winwick , also called Walter Thornholme, vicar of Wynnewyk church of Winwick , who is going to Aquitaine, in the king's service, and staying there in the company of the king's uncle, John [of Gaunt], king of Castile and León , duke of Lancaster . ¹

By bill of p.s.

1.: See Calendar of the Patent Rolls (CPR), 1385-9 , p. 518 for the revocation on 4 November 1388 of other letters of protection because Thornholme tarried in London, as the sheriffs had certified. These new letters, some three weeks later, must have been issued to replace the earlier ones.

For general attorneys.

28 November 1388 . Westm' Westminster .

Letters of general attorney in England, for one year, for Par William de Parr, kt , who is going to Aquitaine in the king's service, and staying there in the company of the king's uncle, John [of Gaunt], king of Castile and León , duke of Lancaster , nominating Assheton' Matthew de Ashton, clerk , and Hugh de Ives , alternately.

John de Scarle, clerk , received the attorney, appointed in England until his return.

The following, who is going in the same service to the same parts, to reside there in the company of the duke, has similar letters of general attorney, under the following names, and for the same duration:

32.1: 27 November 1388 . Westm' Westminster .

Par William Parr, kt , nominating Plesyngton' Robert de Pleasington, kt , and Woderoue John Woodrow , alternately.

John de Scarle, clerk , received the attorney, appointed in England until his return.

33

4 June 1389 . Westm' Westminster .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for one year, for Richard Savage , who is going to Gascony, in the king's service, to stay there in the company of Gedeneye John de Gedney, constable of Bordeaux , in the garrisoning of the same pays. ¹

By bill of p.s.

1.: The entry is followed by two additional sets of empty entry marks.

Membrane 14

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Year 13 of the reign of Richard II

For Guilhem des Camps.

28 June 1389 . Westm' Westminster .

Letters of protection granted to Campes, de Guilhem des Camps, burgess of Bordeaux , and his wife, children, men, servants, lodgings, houses, mills, vineyards, meadows, good and chattels, movables and immovables in whatever parts of Aquitaine. The king orders the king's lieutenant [in Aquitaine] or the seneschal of Aquitaine, the mayor of Bordeaux and the prévôt of the Ombrière to maintain, protect, preserve and defend them from whatsoever kind of injury, violence, damage, oppressions, harm and novelties. The safeguard is to be publicly proclaimed with prohibitions, and signs of the safe-keeping in the form of the king's pennons ¹ are to be placed on their houses, mills, vineyards and possessions, so that no-one can claim ignorance as an excuse for actions against the tenor of these letters. Protection is to be given to them by the king's serjeants, if requested, and at the expense of Guilhem des Camps.

The following have similar letters of safe guard under the following dates:

34.1: 24 September 1389 . The in palacio Regis Westm' palace of Westminster .

Gerardus Guiraut Roger, citizen of the city of Burdeg' Bordeaux .

34.2: Same as above

Bordili, de Guilhem du Bourdieu, citizen of the city of Burdeg' Bordeaux .

34.3: Same as above

Bordili, du Johan du Bourdieu, doctor of laws of the city of Burdeg' Bordeaux . ²

1.: Signs bearing the coat of arms of the king indicating that Guilhem des Camps was under the king's safeguard and protection.
2.: The entry is followed by an extensive space, with two empty entry marks.

35: 27 July 1389 . Westm' Westminster . For Guilhem des Camps .

Request to the archbishop of Bordeaux and order to the king's lieutenant in Aquitaine, the seneschal of Aquitaine, the constable of Bordeaux, the judges, prévôts, mayors and jurats and all the other officers of the city of Bordeaux and in the lordship of Aquitaine to hear the complaint of Campes, de Guilhem des Camps, burgess of Bordeaux concerning his rights, the hereditary rights of his mother and all the other things relating to it, and do full and speedy justice concerning both his moveable and immoveable goods which are his inheritance, and of all other claims of his, according to the laws, fors and customs of those parts, so that Camps does make a further request for remedy. Camps has shown the king that when he was a minor of the age of one and a half years, his moveable, immoveable and hereditary goods, which were his father's, were sold by his guardians without any right, through the power of the late Elia, Pomyers Hélias de Pommiers, kt , and he has been disinherited of them for a long time. Camps was not able to request restitution for 29 years because he was absent [from Aquitaine], and was busy during the king's wars on the king's embassies and in his service, and he has requested a remedy.

By p.s.

36

21 August 1389 . Westm' Westminster . For John Trailly, kt . ¹

Grant to John Trailly, kt , for his good service, of the office of mayor of the city of Bordeaux from 18 July next for the term of three years, taking the fee, wages and profits due and accustomed in that office. Lately the king, by his letters patent under the great seal, granted the same office to Cradok David Craddock until 18 July next.

By p.s.

1.: A note in the margin states ' extractus '.

For the making of the process against Guilhem Boneu

22 August 1389 . Westm' Westminster .

Order to the king's uncle, John [of Gaunt], duke of Lancaster , the king's lieutenant in the duchy of Aquitaine , to inspect the records and processes had before him in the legal proceedings concerning Guilhem Boneu, former clerk of the city of Bordeaux , ¹ bring him before him and do full justice to Boneu without delay on the case against him according to the fors and customs there. The king and his council have been given to understand that Boneu was accused before the duke on certain articles of treasons and other crimes, and misprisions, lèse-majestés, and process was made before the duke according to the fors and customs there, and was found guilty in part by his own confession and acknowledgment, and is by this held in prison. The king wishes full justice to be done by the advice of his council. ²

By K. and C.

1.: The clerk of the city of Bordeaux was the head of the communal administration.
2.: The record of the trial made against Guilhem Boneu in February 1389 is preserved in the Archives Nationales de France, Paris (site of Pierrefitte-sur-Seine), 1 AP/1645.

22 August 1389 . Westm' Westminster .

Order to the king's councillors being at Bordeaux ¹ that if the king's uncle, John [of Gaunt], duke of Lancaster , the king's lieutenant in the duchy of Aquitaine , is absent from those parts, then they are to cause the record and process brought against Guilhem Boneu, former clerk of the city of Bordeaux , and Boneu himself to be brought before them, inspect and examine the record and process that Boneu upon the articles of accusation confessed and acknowledged, and do full and speedy justice according to the fors and customs there.The king and his council have been given to understand that Boneu was accused before the duke on certain articles of treasons and other crimes, and misprisions, lèse-majestés, and process was made before the duke according to the fors and customs there, and was found guilty in part by his own confession and acknowledgment, and is by this held in prison. The king wishes full justice to be done by the advice of his council.

By K. and C.

1.: The councillors of the king's council at Bordeaux gathered around the king's lieutenant in Aquitaine or the seneschal of Aquitaine.

39: Same as above

Grant of special power and special mandate to Greilly Archambaud de Grailly, Bouch' captal de Buch , the Trawe Soudan de la Trau , Cradok David Craddock, Burdegal' mayor of Bordeaux , Gedeneye John Gedney, constable of Bordeaux , Master Ramon-Guilhem [de Puy], bachelor in laws , Andree Reynaut Andrieu, judge of the court of Gascony , Thomas Lombard, controller of Bordeaux , Master Brolio, de Hélias Dubreuil , Master Taudynar Guilhem de Taudinar, clerk of the city of Bordeaux , and Master la Rue Pey de Larue, procurator fiscal , or two of them at least to inspect the records and process made against Guilhem Boneu before the king's uncle, cause Boneu to be brought before them, and do full and speedy justice on all the articles confessed and acknowledged by him according to the fors and customs. The king orders all his ministers and faithful subjects there to obey, be intendant on and aid them.

By K. and C.

Membrane 13

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Concerning the protection of Bernat de Liron, rector of the church of Saillans.

21 May 1390 . The in palacio nostro Westm' palace of Westminster .

To the king's lieutenant [in Aquitaine] or the seneschal of Aquitaine, the mayor of Bordeaux and the constable of Bordeaux, or their lieutenants, and also all other seneschals, mayors, jurats, prévôts, officers, bayles and ministers, and other faithful subjects and lieges there.

Letters of protection granted to Lyron Bernat de Liron, rector of the Saillance, de church of Saillans in the king's lordship of Frounsades Fronsadais , and his church, ¹ household, property, moveable and immoveable goods, his future tithes and all his possessions as well as his subjects, men, questaux ( questales ), ² feudatories and tenants. Order to protect, maintain, preserve and defend them from whatsoever kind of injury, violence, damage, oppressions, plunder, occupations, thefts, robbery and novelties. The safeguard is to be publicly proclaimed with prohibitions, and signs of the safe-keeping in the form of the king's pennons ³ are to be placed on their buildings, lands, tenements, houses and possessions, so that no-one can claim ignorance as an excuse for actions against the tenor of these letters. Protection is to be given to them by the king's serjeants, if requested, and at the expense of Liron.

1.: The medieval church Saint-Seurin of Saillans situated at the placename ('lieu-dit') "Port de Saillans" (com. Saillans, arr. Libourne, dép. Gironde) was destroyed in 1672.
2.: In Gascony the questaux were the equivalent of serfs.
3.: Signs bearing the coat of arms of the king indicating that Bernat de Liron was under the king's safeguard and protection.

8 July 1389 . The in palacio nostro Westm' palace of Westminster .

Order to the mayor and jurats of Bayonne to summon John Hauley of Dertemouth Dartmouth ¹ or his proctor on his behalf, before them and also the merchants of Bayonne , on whose account Hauley's goods and merchandise have been arrested in Bayonne, hear their arguments, if Hauley or his attorney or proctor are able to prove that the mayor and jurats, by the allegation of those merchants, arrested his goods and merchandise, they are to cause him to have due recovery and speedy justice, putting aside all frivolous subterfuges, according to the laws, fors and customs of the city of Bayonne, and so that Hauley will not make any new appeal to the king for lack of justice. Hauley has shown to the king that on 22 September 1388, ² by his letters patent, for a certain fixed sum to be paid to him, the king granted to Hauley the subsidy granted to the king in the last Parliament ³ of 3 s. on each tun of wine, and 12 d. in the pound on all the other merchandise arriving in the kingdom [of England ] and leaving it, except for the wool, leather and wool fells, both from aliens and natives, in the port of Melcombe and all ports westwards throughout Devon and Cornwall as far as Briggewater Bridgwater from 17 May 1388 until 24 June 1389, and from then until 24 June 1390, and Hauley took this subsidy in the port of the town of Dartmouth in the county of Devon from certain merchants of Bayonne on their goods and merchandise, according to the grant, but the judges, prévôt, mayor and jurats of Bayonne have wrongly arrested and detained goods and merchandise of Hauley's in Bayonne, following the allegation by those merchants, on account of the taking of the subsidy, to Hauley's great damage and manifest impoverishment, and he has requested a remedy. ⁴

1.: John Hauley (or Hawley) (d. 1408) was one of the most prominent citizens of Dartmouth. He was its mayor several times. On him see: Connors, M., John Hawley, merchant, mayor and privateer (Dartmouth, 2008), and on the history of Parliament: http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1386-1421/member/hawley-john-i-1408
2.: According to Calendar of the Patent Rolls (CPR), 1385-1389 , p.500, this grant was given to Hauley on 2 September 1388.
3.: On 20 March 1388.
4.: For a similar entry see entry 63 .

42: 27 October 1389 . Westm' Westminster . For a licence to transport corn .

To all admirals etc.

Grant of a licence to Hille John Hill , and Swayn Ralph Swain that they can take 100 quarters of wheat, beans and peas bought in Devon , and loaded onto ships in the port of the city of Exon' Exeter , to Aquitaine or Rupell' La Rochelle . Hill and Swain had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because William de Hankford of the same county , and Hille Robert Hill of the same county, personally mainprised before the king in chancery that they would take the wheat, beans and peas to those places, and nowhere else, and that Hill and Swain would bring into chancery letters testimonial of the towns in which the wheat, beans and peas were discharged, sealed with the common seal, attesting to the discharge of the cargo there. It is ordered that John and Ralph be permitted to take the wheat, beans and peas from Exeter to Aquitaine or La Rochelle without any impediments, first paying the customs, subsidies and other dues to the king, whatsoever orders of the king to them to the contrary notwithstanding.

43: 30 October 1389 . Westm' Westminster . For the return of the duke of Lancaster to England .

Request by the king to his uncle John [of Gaunt], duke of Lancaster , to return to the kingdom of England to give him advice on good governance as well as on other great and urgent matters which the king will explain to him at his arrival. He is to return by land or by sea just as seems best to him, and to make the best provision he can for the good governance of Aquitaine that he can until the king is able to make other provision for it governance by the dukes advice.

By p.s.

44

16 November 1389 . Westm' Westminster . For a licence to take corn - [Hauley] .

To all admirals etc.

Grant of a licence to Haule John Hauley of Dertemuth' Dartmouth , that he can take 2,000 quarters of wheat and beans bought in Somerset and Dorset , loaded onto ships in whatever port it pleased him in the county, to Burdeg' Bordeaux and Baion' Bayonne , or other parts to the west, to trade with. Hauley had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because Chichestre John Chichester ¹ and Stoute Henry Stout , who personally mainprised before the king in chancery that Hauley would take the wheat and beans to those parts, and nowhere else, and that Hauley would bring into chancery letters testimonial under the seal of the mayor or governor of the city or town where the wheat and beans were discharged, attesting to the discharge of the cargo there. It is ordered that Hauley be permitted to take the wheat and beans to those parts without any impediments, paying the customs, subsidies and other dues to the king, whatsoever proclamations, prohibitions or orders of the king to them to the contrary notwithstanding.

1.: The forename is repeated.

45: 18 November 1389 . Westm' Westminster . For a licence to take corn .

To all admirals etc.

Grant of a licence to Thomas Colston of Bristoll' Bristol , that he can take 100 tuns of wheat and beans bought in Somerset and Gloucestershire , and loaded into ships in whatever ports in those counties that he wishes by him and his servants, to Burdeg' Bordeaux or Baion' Bayonne . Colston had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because Thomas Beaupeny and Wylkyns John Wilkins of Bristoll' Bristol , who personally mainprised before the king in chancery, under the penalty of twice the value of wheat and beans, that Colston would take the wheat and beans to Bordeaux or Bayonne, and nowhere else, and that Colston would bring into chancery letters of the towns of Bordeaux or Bayonne sealed with their common seal attesting that the wheat and beans were discharged there. It is ordered that Colston be permitted to take the wheat and beans to Bordeaux or Bayonne without any impediments, first paying the customs, subsidies and other dues to the king, whatsoever orders of the king to them to the contrary notwithstanding.

Membrane 12

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For Arnaut de Puyroudier.

20 July 1389 . Westm' Westminster .

Grant by the king's letters patent, to Puyroder Arnaut de Puyroudier ¹ of the lordship of Aquitaine, at his request, of emancipation from his father's authority so that he can make commitments and can dispose of his goods as he wills by testament, or in other manners. Puyroudier had remained in the king's obedience since his youth until the present, and he wishes to remain in this obedience, but his father is still alive and according to the law and custom of Burdeloys Bordelais where Puyroudier lives, no man can make commitments or can dispose of his goods as long his father is alive unless he obtains his emancipation from his father, his father being far distant and living under the obedience of the king's adversary of France, ² and Arnaut is not able to reach him because of the war.

By p.s

1.: Puyroudier or Puy Roudier are local placenames in Périgord and Limousin.
2.: Charles VI of France.

47: Same as above. Westm' Westminster .

And it is ordered to the king's lieutenant [in Aquitaine], the seneschal of Aquitaine, the constable of Bordeaux and all the other king's officers there to permit Arnaut de Puyroudier to enjoy his emancipation without impediment according to the king's letters patent.

By p.s.

27 July 1389 . Westm' Westminster . For Guilhem des Camps.

Letters of pardon granted to Campes, de Guilhem des Camps, burgess of the city of Bordeaux , the king granting him his firm peace and order to all his bayles and faithful men of the land of Aquitaine that he does not want him to be in any way impeded, troubled, molested by the king, his heirs or his officers. Camps has a great fear because he has allowed Bernat Salamon, Sancta Crucis abbot of Sainte-Croix of Bordeaux , accused of crime of lese-majesty, to flee through a gate of Bordeaux on which he had the custody, and after his escape Salamon was recaptured ¹ and was put to death by judges of the court of the archbishop of Bordeaux .

By p.s.

1.: Salamon fled Bordeaux at night and then took refuge at the castle of Roquetaillade alongside his lord Pey de Lamothe , but was caught by a troop led by the seneschal of Aquitaine who went to Langon and requested that Pey de Lamothe hand him over (in 1384). He was then delivered to the archbishop of Bordeaux. See Archives Nationales de France, Paris (site of Pierrefitte-sur-Seine), 1 AP/1645, fol. 3, item no. XXIII. In item no. XXIV, fol. 3, we learn that one of the jurats (town councillors) of Bordeaux who was one of his friends opened a gate for which he had the key for him. On fol. 33, it is clearly asserted that this jurat was Guilhem des Camps.

49: 24 July 1389 . Westm' Westminster . For the mayor, jurats and inhabitants of the town of Libourne.

Grant with the assent of the king's council to the mayor, jurats and inhabitants of the town of Leybourne Libourne , as they have been greatly impoverished because of the damages they have sustained from the king's enemies, since they live on the frontiers with these enemies as the king understands, to be exempted of the 12 d. in the pound and of the 3 s. on each tun of wine throughout the kingdom of England from 29 September 1389 to 25 December 1389.

By p.s.

Concerning protections.

50

20 August 1389 . Westm' Westminster .

Letters of protection granted for one year to Payn Thomas Pain of Norwico, de Norwich , spicer , who is going in the king's service in Gascony in the company of the king's clerk Gedeney John Gedney, constable of Bordeaux .

By p.s.

The following, who are going to the same parts, in the same service, to reside in the company of the same king, have similar letters of protection:

50.1: 25 August 1389 . Westm' Westminster .

Nicholas Bippes of Norwich has similar letters.

By p.s.

51: 22 August 1389 . Westm' Westminster . For the hearing of the complaints of the men of France and Aquitaine .

Commission of full power to Francesco [Uguccione], Burdeg' archbishop of Bordeaux , Robert [Waldby], Aduren bishop of Aire , chancellor of Aquitaine , the abbot of Sainte-Croix of Bordeaux , the constable of Bordeaux, Archibaldus, Greyly Archambaud de Grailly, captal de Buch , Madelan Guilhem-Ramon de Madaillan, Rosano, de lord of Rauzan , Master Podio, de Ramon-Guilhem de Puy, licentiate of laws , Master Burdyu, de Johan du Bourdieu, doctor of both laws , Master Brolio, de Hélias Dubreuil , Master Guilhem de Burgar and Master Pey de Fernand , or at least three of them, which should include the abbot of Sainte-Croix, Master Ramon-Guilhem de Puy and the constable of Bordeaux, to receive and hear all legal complaints and appeals which are brought before the king as king of France in the duchy of Aquitaine, and in all civil causes, complaints and appeals, with everything relating to them, and to proceed on, take cognizance of, examine and determine them according to the fors, laws and customs there, and in the style and course of the king's court of France, doing everyhting else that is necessary. The king has ordered all archbishops, bishops, dukes, counts, vicomtes, marquises, barons, seneschals, mayors, prévôts, officers, ministers and all others of his faithful subjects, both noble and people, to be intendant on and obey them in this business.

52: 26 August 1389 . Westm' Westminster . For protection .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for one year, for Cradok Richard Craddock, kt , who is staying in Gascony, in the king's service, for the safe-keeping of the castle of Fronsac .

By bill of p.s.

53: 12 September 1389 . Westm' Westminster . For a licence to take wheat .

To all the admirals etc.

Grant of a licence to Arnaut Mygrom , master of a ship called la Seynt Marie of Baion' Bayonne , that he can take 400 quarters of wheat bought in England, loaded onto his ship by him and his servants in the port of Sutht' Southampton , to Baion' Bayonne to trade with. Mygrom had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because he appeared before the king in chancery and swore a corporal oath that he would take the wheat to Bayonne, and nowhere else. It is ordered that Mygrom be permitted to take the wheat from Southampton to Bayonne without any impediments, first paying the customs, subsidies and other dues to the king, whatsoever ordinances, proclamations or orders of the king to them to the contrary notwithstanding.

54: 18 November 1389 . Westm' Westminster . For a general attorney .

Letters of general attorney in England, for one year, for Master John Meere , clerk , who is in Gascony in the king's service, in the company of John [of Gaunt], duke of Lancaster , the king's lieutenant in Aquitaine , nominating Wakeryng John Wakering and John Frank alternately.

Robert Whitby, clerk , received the attorney by writ.

55

25 September 1389 . Westm' Westminster . For inquiring .

Assignment of the seneschal of Aquitaine, the constable of Bordeaux and the mayor of Bordeaux to inform themselves of the matter, and to inquire further by the oaths of good and law-worthy men of the lordship by whom the truth can be known, whether Matthew Gournay conquered the lands of Marensin, or not, and if he did so, in which year and at what time, and in what manner, and of all other articles and circumstance concerning the matter, in order that the truth can be known. The king orders them that on certain days and places arranged by them they diligently inquire into all the business, and that they send what they have done to the king in the English chancery under their seals without delay, together with this writ. Lately the king granted, by his letters patent, to Holand John de Holland, now earl of Huntingdon , of the lands of Marensyn Marensin in the lordship of Aquitaine, ¹ and afterwards Matthew Gournay alleged to the king that he had conquered the land, and requested that the letters patent, which the king did, and restored the lands to Gournay, holding them in the same manner as he had done before the grant, notwithstanding that grant. Now the earl, by his petition, exhibited before the king, has requested that since the allegation of Gournay is untrue, that the king will inquire into the matter, and the king wishes justice to be done to him.

1.: For the original grant made on 17 September 1380, see entry in C 61/94 .

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For [Pey] de Lafitte of Bayonne.

6 January 1390 . Westm' Westminster .

Grant by the king's special grace, and at the request of the king's brother, the earl of Huntingdon , ¹ in as much as the king is able to do so, to la Fyte Pey de Lafitte of Baion' Bayonne , the Arrusage mill of Aritxague with its appurtenances, in the Baion' prévôté of Bayonne , within the Bourt, La baylie of Labourd , which mill has come into the king's hands as his escheat by the death of the Arrusage lady of Aritxague ² without heirs, and whose value does not exceed twenty quarter of corn a year. He is to have and to hold the same from the king and his heirs by the customary service, provided the mill wholly reverts to the king and his heirs after Lafitte's death. ³

By p.s.

1.: John Holland .
2.: Domenja du Pouy .
3.: For related entries, see entry in C 61/103 , entry in C 61/103 .

57: Same as above

And it is ordered to the Bourt, la bayle of Labourd to put la Fyte, de Pey de Lafitte , or his proctor in corporal possession of the mill , and maintain and defend him in the same according to the tenor of the king's letters, removing any detainers of the mill.

By the same writ.

58: Same as above

And it is ordered to the mayor, prévôt, jurats and law-worthy men of Baion' Bayonne [to put] Pey [de Lafitte] , or his proctor, as above.

By the same writ.

59

13 January 1390 . Westm' Westminster . For the bishop of Aire .

Grant for life, by the king's special grace, to Robert [Waldby], Aduren', Sancta Aquitaria bishop of Aire and Sainte-Quitterie , of all the goods and property that were Batz Bertrucat de Bats in the city of Dax , and in the Landar' seneschalcy of Landes , which were lately confiscated into the king's hand's by the rebellion of Bertrucat, and of which the king was seised. To have and to hold the same for life in the same manner that Puyloaud, de Tétbaut de Poyloaut, esquire , had and held the same during his life by the gift of the king's father . ¹

By p.s.

1.: Edward of Woodstock, prince of Aquitaine (1362-72).

60: 6 December 1389 . Westm' Westminster . For the transport of corn .

To all admirals etc.

Grant of a licence to Haveryng' John de Havering of Bristoll' Bristol , that he can take 400 quarters of wheat, 400 quarters of beans, and 100 quarters of peas bought in Gloucestershire and Somerset, and loaded onto ships by him and his servants in Bristoll' Bristol , to Hibn' Ireland or Vascon' Gascony . Havering had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because William Audeby , citizen and mercer of London , and John Cosham, citizen and haberdasher of London , mainprised before the king in chancery, under penalty of twice the value of the corn, that Havering would take the corn to Ireland or Gascony, and nowhere else, and that Havering would bring into chancery letters testimonial attesting that the wheat, beans and peas were discharged there. It is ordered that Havering be permitted to take the wheat, beans and peas from Bristol to Ireland or Gascony without any impediments, first paying the customs due to the king, whatsoever orders of the king to them to the contrary notwithstanding.

For the bishop of Aire.

13 January 1390 . Westm' Westminster .

Order to the Aquen' mayor and jurats of Dax to deliver the goods and property that were Batz Bertrucat de Bats in the city of Dax , and in the Landar' seneschalcy of Landes , which were lately confiscated into the king's hand's by the rebellion of Bertrucat, to Robert [Waldby], Aduren', Sancta Aquitaria bishop of Aire and Sainte-Quitterie according to the king's letters. The king granted the same to the bishop to be held for his life in the same manner that Puyloaud, de Tétbaut de Poyloaut held them. ¹

By p.s., and it was patent.

Similar writs were addressed to the following:

61.1: Same as above No date. ²

The constable of Bordeaux; the Landar' seneschal of the Landes .

1.: See the related entry entry 59 .
2.: The date is assumed to the same date as that for the writ to the mayor and jurats of Dax.

62

15 January 1390 . Westm' Westminster . For William Kettering . ¹

Grant for life, by the king's special grace, and by the assent of the king's council, to Keteryng William Kettering, secretary to the king's uncle, the duke of Lancaster , of the houses, revenues and emoluments situated within the city of Bordeaux up to the value of 40 fr. which were of Pys, de Galhart de Piis , and were seized because of his rebellion at the time the town of Rule La Réole became French. ² So that he will pay the surplus to the king if these houses, revenues and emoluments exceed this value of 40 fr. , and after the death of Kettering they are to wholly revert to king and his heirs.

By p.s.

1.: A note in the margin states ' extractus '.
2.: In 1374, when this town submitted to the duke of Anjou, lieutenant in Languedoc and in the duchy of Guyenne for his brother the king of France Charles V.

63

26 January 1390 . The in palacio nostro Westm' palace of Westminster . For John Hauley .

Order to the judges, prévôt, mayor and jurats of Baion' Bayonne that having summoned before them John Hauley, or his proctor on his behalf, as well as the merchants of Bayonne mentioned below, if they find they have wrongly arrested Hauley's goods following the suggestion of these merchants of Bayonne they are to return Hauley's goods to him and do full justice to him without delay, without any subterfuge according to the laws, fors and customs of the city of Bayonne, so that Hauley will not make any new appeal to the king by lack of justice. John Hauley of Dertemouth Dartmouth ¹ has shown to the king that on 22 September 1388 ² the king has granted to Hauley the subsidy granted to him in the last Parliament ³ of 3 s. a tun of wine, and 12 d. a pound ( libra ) on all the other goods brought to the kingdom [of England] and taken from it, except for the wool, leather and wool fells, from aliens and natives alike, in the port of Melcombe and all ports from there westwards throughout Devon and Cornwall as far as Briggewater Bridgwater from 17 May 1388 until 24 June 1389, and from this latter date to 24 June 1390, and Hauley took this subsidy in the port of the town of Dartmouth in the county of Devon from certain merchants of Bayonne on some of their goods, but the judges, prévôt, mayor and jurats of Bayonne have wrongly arrested, following the allegation of these merchants, some goods of Hauley and detain and keep them unjustly to Hauley's great damage and obvious impoverishment, so that Hauley has requested the king provide him with a remedy. ⁴

1.: John Hauley (or Hawley) (d. 1408) was one of the most prominent citizens of Dartmouth. He was its mayor several times. On him see: Connors, M., John Hawley, merchant, mayor and privateer (Dartmouth, 2008) and on the history of Parliament: http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1386-1421/member/hawley-john-i-1408
2.: According to Calendar of the Patent Rolls (CPR), 1385-1389 , p. 500, this grant was given to Hauley on 2 September 1388.
3.: On 20 March 1388.
4.: For a similar entry see entry 41 .

64: 8 February 1390 . Westm' Westminster . For the transport of corn .

To all admirals etc.

Grant of a licence to Richard Mynde and John Mynde , that they can take 500 quarters of wheat and 300 quarters of beans bought in Somerset , Dorset , Gloucestershire and Devon and loaded into ships in Bristoll' Bristol by them and their servants, to Baion' Bayonne or Burdeg' Bordeaux to trade with. Mynde and Mynde had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because Tannere Thomas Tanner of Welles Wells , and Nicholas Cristesham of Somerset personally mainprised before the king in chancery that they would take the corn to those parts, and nowhere else, under penalty of twice the value of the corn, and that Richard Mynde and John Mynde would bring into chancery letters testimonial of those cities attesting that the corn was discharged there. It is ordered that they be permitted to take the wheat and beans from Bristol to Bayonne or Bordeaux, first paying the customs due to the king, whatsoever orders of the king to them to the contrary notwithstanding.

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65: 25 November 1389 . Westm' Westminster . For the transport of corn .

To all the admirals etc.

Grant of a licence to Henry Lane , Walter Spence and William Foxhill , that they can take 1,000 quarters of wheat and beans bought in the counties of Somerset , Gloucestershire and Bristol by them and their servants, loading them into ships in the ports of Bristoll' Bristol , Brigge Water Bridgwater or Chipstowe Chepstow by them and their servants, as far as Burdeg' Bordeaux , Baion' Bayonne or Hibn' Ireland to trade with. Lane, Spence and Foxhill had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because John Robert of Bristol and Reynold Gras, citizen and tailor of London ,, mainprised before the king in chancery that they would take the wheat and beans to Bordeaux, Bayonne and Ireland. It is ordered that Lane, Spence and Foxhill be permitted to take the beans and wheat from the ports in the ships to those parts without any impediments, paying the customs, subsidies and other dues to the king freely and without impediment, whatsoever prohibitions or orders of the king to them to the contrary notwithstanding.

66

17 January 1390 . Westm' Westminster . For Arnaut de Colignan .

Commission to Francesco [Uguccione], Burdeg' archbishop of Bordeaux , Viridariis, de Johan du Bergey, doctor in decretals , and Master Burdyu Johan du Bourdieu, doctor of laws , to summon before them, or two at least of them, all those who ought to be summoned, and deliberate on the process of the legal case between Colynhano, de Arnaut de Colignan , Colynhano, de Johan de Colignan , Lavenario, de Arnaut de Labénar , Rupho, de Arnaut de Ros , Rupho, de Hélias de Ros , and Lavenario, de Maria de Labénar , parishioners of Saint-Seurin in Bordeaux , against the abbot and convent of Sainte-Croix of Bordeaux , and Calculi Bertran Caillau, kt , concerning their status as questaux ( questales ), ¹ understand and proceed on the appeal and the principal business with all things connected to it and dependent on it, hear the parties, and determine the case, and anything done to the prejudice of Arnaut and the others, in their bodies or goods whilst under the king's protection during the appeal, by the lieutenant, or the abbot, convent and Bertran is to be return it to its original state, and the abbot, convent and Bertran are to be compelled to make repairs and restoration. Speedy justice is to be done, according to the laws, fors and customs there, putting aside frivolous delays. The archbishop and others are ordered to diligently attend to the business so that Arnaut and the others have no reason to appeal further on this matter in default of justice. The king prohibits his lieutenant and other superior judges in the duchy, the mayor, jurats and hundred peers of Bordeaux , and others who have an interest, from attempting anything in prejudice of the parties.

On behalf of Arnaut de Colignan, Johan de Colignan, Arnaut de Labénar, Arnaut de Ros, Hélias de Ros, and Maria de Labénar, it has been complained to the king by their petition, on a matter that they had brought before the mayor of the city, and similarly before the judge of the same city concerning a civil cause on a legal debate which was brought by the abbot and convent, and Bertran, plaintiffs, and Arnaut and the others, defendants, the abbot and convent and Bertran Caillau claiming that Arnaut and the others were their questaux and they and their goods were subject to tallage, demands and other services and dues. The mayor and judge proceeded on this matter separately and brought in various judicial sentences and pronouncements against the abbot, convent and Bertran, and for Arnaut and the others, and condemned them in the costs. Not able to appeal to the mayor and judge, the abbot, convent and Bertran appealed to the king's uncle, John [of Gaunt], duke of Lancaster , and the king's lieutenant in Aquitaine , who pronounced a definitive sentence that Arnaut de Colignan and the others had not sufficiently proved their case, and that the abbot, convent and Bertran Caillau had proved theirs, and that they should be restored to their possession of Arnaut de Colignan and the others as their questaux , to their great harm, and they appealed to the king and his council in England, in writing and within the proscribed legal time, by Master Vitalis Arnaut Bidau, notary public of the duchy of Aquitaine . However, the abbot, convent and Bertran Caillau, wishing to execute the judgment of the lieutenant, threw down the royal pennons on the houses and buildings of Arnaut de Colignan and the others which signified the royal protection during the appeal, and attempted to take possession of them and their goods as questaux in contempt of the king, and against the will of Arnaut and the others, and they have requested remedy. ²

By K. and C.

1.: In Gascony the questaux were the equivalent of serfs.
2.: The entry is followed by a space containing two empty sets of entry marks.

67

2 February 1390 . The in palacio nostro Westm' palace of Westminster . For the hearing and determining of a cause of appeal .

Commission to Francesco [Uguccione], Burdeg' archbishop of Bordeaux , Verger Johan du Bergey, doctor in decretals , and Sanctus Severinus dean of the church of Saint-Seurin , Master Bordili, de Johan du Bourdieu, doctor of laws , and Master Pey Baghuel , bachelor of laws , to summon before them, or two at least of them, all those who ought to be summoned, and deliberate on the process of the legal case between Colinhano, de Guilhem de Colignan the elder , Colinhano, de Guilhem de Colignan the younger , Colinhano; de Ayquem de Colignan , Colinhano, de Gaucem de Colignan the elder , of the Brugiis parish of Bruges , Gorsia Pey de Lagorce , Gorsia Arnaut de Lagorce , of the Antelhano, de parish of le Taillan , Deymerii Ayquem d'Eymeri , Gleyses Pey de Gleyze , of the Donpiano, de parish of le Pian , Pey Sinet of Blanquaforti Blanquefort , Ramond Ayquem Ramon , Ramond Guilhem Ramon and Ramond Pey Ramon , sons of Ramond Pey Ramon , of the Porumpuyra parish of Parempuyre on the one part, and Mota, de Arnaut-Guilhem de Lamothe and Caupenna Contor de Caupenne , his wife concerning Guilhem and the others' status as questaux ( questales ), ¹ understand and proceed on the appeal and the principal business with all things connected to it and dependent on it, hear the parties, and determine the case, and anything done to the prejudice of Guilhem and the others, in their bodies or goods whilst under the king's protection during the appeal, by the lieutenant, or Arnaut-Guilhem de Lamothe and Contor de Caupenne, is to return it to its original state, and Arnaut-Guilhem de Lamothe and Contor de Caupenne are to be compelled to make repairs and restoration. Speedy justice is to be done, according to the laws, fors and customs there, putting aside frivolous delays. The archbishop and other commissioners are ordered to diligently attend to the business so that Guilhem de Colignan and the others have no reason to appeal further on this matter in default of justice. The king prohibits his lieutenant and other superior judges in the duchy, the mayor, jurats and hundred peers of the city of Bordeaux , and others who have an interest, from attempting anything in prejudice of the parties.

Membrane 9

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Same as above

On behalf of Guilhem and the others, by petition exhibited before the king, it has been shown that in a cause heard lately before the king's uncle, John [of Gaunt], duke of Lancaster , and the king's lieutenant in Aquitaine , or the people of his council, Arnaut-Guilhem de Lamothe and Contor de Caupenne claimed that Guilhem de Colignan and the others as their questaux , they and their goods being subject to claims and tallage, though Guilhem and the others, and their ancestors, had always been free. The king's pennon had been put on Guilhem's and the others' houses and buildings as a sign of the king's protection and safeguard, into which they and their goods and possessions had been received, and Arnaut-Guilhem de Lamothe and Contor de Caupenne threw the pennons down, broke them up, and removed them in contempt of the king, and against the will of Guilhem and the others. The lieutenant, or the people of his council producing before them the witnesses of Arnaut-Guilhem de Lamothe and Contor de Caupenne, from his household, they were corrupted, and at a day assigned for the parties final sentence was pronounced that Guilhem and the others had not sufficiently proved their case, and as questaux ought to be restored to Arnaut-Guilhem de Lamothe and Contor de Caupenne, from which pronouncement, because of its iniquity, Guilhem de Colignan and Gaucem de Colignan, for themselves, and as proctors of the others, appealed to the king and his council in England, in writing, and within the lawful term, requesting aid and remedy, which the king wishes to provide.

By K. and C.

1.: In Gascony the questaux were the equivalent of serfs.

68: 16 February 1390 . Westm' Westminster . For John Trailly, kt .

Letter of intendancy to the jurats, law-worthy men and all the community of the city of Burdeg' Bordeaux in favour of John Trailly, kt , to whom the king, for his good service, granted that he be the mayor of the city of Bordeaux from 18 July next for three years, in that office, answering him, and causing him to have such fees, wages and profits as Cradok David Craddock, kt , late mayor of the city , reasonably took in that office, during the three year term of his office.

69

21 February 1390 . Westm' Westminster . For Arnaut Buade .

Grant to Arnaut Buade , son and heir of Hélias Buade, deceased, late Bregrak castellan of Bergerac , of the office of Sancta Fide bayle of Sainte-Foy[-la-Grande] in the Daganen dioc' diocese of Agen , to be held as long as he behaves well in this office, and as the other bayles held it before now. Arnaut Buade has requested that the king grant this because his late father had been dishinherited of his goods and hereditary goods for eleven years because of his service to the king, ¹ and Arnaut himself is still dishinerited of them because of the same service, these goods being in the hands of the king's enemies, and Arnaut cannot maintain his status without the king's good grace and help.

By p.s.

1.: During the period between 1377 and 1388 (date of the death of Hélias (or Héliot) Buade). Bergerac having surrendered to the duke of Anjou in 1377.

70: 5 March 1390 . Westm' Westminster . For the transport of corn .

To all admirals, etc.

Grant of a licence to Tannere Thomas Tanner of Welly Wells , that he can take 500 quarters of wheat, and 200 quarters of beans bought in Somerset , Dorset , Gloucestershire , Bristol , Devon and Cornub' Cornwall by him and his servants, and loaded onto ships in the ports of Bristoll' Bristol and Redeclif Redcliff , to Baion' Bayonne or Burdeg' Bordeaux to trade with. Tanner had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because Fauconer Robert Faulconer of Bristoll' Bristol and Swyft John Swift of Somerset , personally mainprised before the king in chancery that Tanner would take the corn there, and nowhere else, under the penalty of twice the value of the corn, and that Tanner would bring into chancery letters testimonial sealed with an authentic seal of those cities in which the corn was discharged, attesting to the discharge of the cargo there. It is ordered that Tanner be permitted to take the wheat and beans to those cities, first paying the customs, subsidies and other dues to the king, whatsoever proclamations, prohibitions, statutes or orders of the king to them to the contrary notwithstanding.

71

3 June 1390 . Westm' Westminster . For the transport of victuals .

To all admirals, etc.

Grant of a licence to Trayle John Trailly, seneschal of the king's uncle, John [of Gaunt], duke of Aquitaine , in Aquitaine , that he can take 70 tuns of wheat, ten tuns of oats, five tuns of beans and peas, two tuns of salt meat, two tuns of wine of Osey ( Oseye ), ¹ one pipe of Malmsey wine ( vinum de Malneseye ), and one pipe of vernage, ² bought for the use of the seneschal in England by Stephen Spuret and his other servants, loaded onto ships in whatever port in England it pleases him, to Bordeaux. Trailly had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because Spuret personally swore a corporal oath before the king in chancery that he would take the wheat, oats, beans and peas, salt meat, and wine, to there and nowhere else, and would bring into chancery letters testimonial sealed with the common seal of the city, or any other authentic seal that the wheat, oats, beans and peas, salt meat, and wine were discharged there. It is ordered that Spuret be permitted to take the wheat, oats, beans and peas, salt meat, and wine to Bordeaux without any impediments, first paying the customs, subsidies and other dues to the king, whatsoever proclamations, ordinances, prohibitions or orders of the king to them to the contrary notwithstanding.

1.: One of several, often sweet, Portuguese wines from the Lisbon area.
2.: A strong and sweet kind of white Italian wine.

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72

28 February 1390 . The a notre Palois de Westm' palace of Westminster . Concerning association .

[in French]

Association under the great seal of Cradok David Craddock, kt , Trayly John Trailly, kt and Cradok Richard Craddock, kt , with his conservators of the truces lately made between John [of Gaunt], duke of Guyenne and Lancaster , and the king's adversary of France ¹ . The king has appointed by his letters the seneschal of Guyenne or his lieutenant, the captal de Buch , ² the mayor of Bordeaux , the constable of Bordeaux, Sir la Mote Pey de Lamothe, lord of Roquetaillade or their lieutenants as conservators of the truces in the lands and marches of Burdeaux Bordeaux , Burdelois Bordelais and Basadoys Bazadais ; the seneschal of the Landes and the Liscun lord of Lescun or their lieutenants as conservators of the truces in the lands and marches of the Landes ; the lord of Duras , ³ the la Bard' lord of Labarde and Neopart Nonpar de Caumont , or their lieutenants, as conservators of the truces in the lands and marches of Dagenoys Agenais and Guercyn Quercy ; Johan de Béarn, Bygorre seneschal of Bigorre and Lord' captain of Lourdes or his lieutenant as conservator of the truce in the lands and marches of Bigorre ; the Mussiden lord of Mussidan ⁴ and the Montferant de Perygort lord of Montferrand-du-Périgord ⁵ , or their lieutenants, as conservators of the truces in the lands and marches of Périgord ; the Carbat captain of Carlat , ⁶ or his lieutenant, Raymonet Ramonet de Sort ⁷ and the Bourd, Guarlenx Bourc de Garlenx ⁸ as conservators of the truces in the lands and marches of Dauvergne Auvergne and Rouergue ; the lord of Montferrand and the Roasan lord of Rauzan as conservators of the truces in the lands and marches of between Garonne and Dordogne ( dentre Guarone et Dardongne ); the captal de Buch and the Trawe Soudan de la Trau as conservators of the truces in the lands and marches of Peytou Poitou , Xantongue Saintonge and Dengelmays Angoumois ; Sir Mussiden Aymeric de Mussidan and Bearnes, de Perrot le Béarnais ⁹ as conservators of the truces in the lands and marches of Lymmosyn Limousin . These truces protect the kingdom, lands, lordships and subjects of the king of England as well as on his behalf the Romaynes king of the Romans , ¹⁰ the Portugale king of Portugal , the Guerle duke of Guelders , des Isles John of the Isles , ¹¹ , the Jaunes doge and the people of Genoa , the Salesbirs earl of Salisbury for the lordship of Man , ¹² his allies for their kingdoms, lands, lordships and subjects. These truces also protect the kingdom, lands, lordships and subjects of the adversary of France as well as on his behalf the adversary of Castile and León , ¹³ the king of the Romans, the Descoce adversary of Scotland , ¹⁴ the Arragon king of Aragon , the king of Navarre , the duchess of Brabant , ¹⁵ the doge and people of Genoa and the earl of the March of Scotland for the lordship of Man , ¹⁶ his allies for their kingdoms, lands, lordships and subjects. Craddock and the others associated to the conservators are carry out all the articles of these truces with the conservators according to the tenor of the king's letters. If it happens through default or negligence that the conservators do not give speedy redress, then the associates are to make suitable redress for all things done against the adversary of France and his subjects by the king's people in thos parts, and to demand for the king and in his name, suitable redress from the adversary, his commissioners and subjects, committed against the form of the truces. The king enjoins the associates to hold and keep by all reasonable ways and means, the articles concerning the truce made between the king's uncle and the adversary, according to the form of those articles, without their infringement, although it is not the king's intention that the powers of the conservators is annulled. The king orders to all prelates, nobles, and communities of the cities, towns, castles, fortresses and places, and all the king's ministers, officers and other subjects of whatever status they are to obey them when they conserve the truces under pain of forfaiture.

By K. and C.

1.: Charles VI of France.
2.: Archambaud de Grailly .
3.: Galhart II de Durfort .
4.: Ramon II de Montaut .
5.: Aymeric IV de Biron .
6.: Ramon-Guilhem de Caupenne nicknamed the 'Bourc Angles' (the English bastard). The castle of Carlat
7.: Nephew of the late Gascon routier leader Bertrucat d'Albret (d. 1383).
8.: The Bourc of Garlenx was the routier captain who held the castle of Alleuze (Auvergne). Both Ramonet de Sort and the Bourc of Garlenx families came from the town of Saint-Sever (Landes) and its surrounding area. In an act dated 2 February 1265, we find a Menaut de Garlenx, prévôt of Saint-Sever for the king of England, and an Antoni de Sort, bayle of Saint-Sever for the abbot of Saint-Sever: Arch. Dép. Landes, H2, n° 8, 10, 11, 12 et 13. Published on : http://dzt-isto.chez-alice.fr/H2%2810%29.htm
9.: Perrot de Fontans nicknamed the Béarnais, routier captain of the castle of Chalucet (Limousin).
10.: King of 'Germany'.
11.: John of Islay, Lord of the Isles (1336-86).
12.: William de Montagu, 2nd Earl of Salisbury, king of the Isle of Man (1344-97).
13.: Juan I, king of Castile and León (1379-90).
14.: Robert II the steward, king of Scotland (1371-90).
15.: Jeanne de Brabant, duchess of Brabant (1355-1406).
16.: George de Dunbar, 10th Earl of Dunbar and March, claimant of the title 'Lord of the Isle of Man'.

For the transport of wheat.

73: 20 March 1390 . Westm' Westminster .

To all admirals, etc.

Grant of a licence to Peter Steller and William Terry , that they can take 600 quarters of wheat bought in England, and loaded onto ships in the port of Kyngeston' super Hull' Kingston upon Hull , to Burdeg' Bordeaux to trade with. Steller and Terry had requested that the king grant this, and the king granted this because Richard Henry and Thomas Terry of Yorkshire , personally mainprised before the king in chancery that they would take the wheat to Bordeaux, and nowhere else, under the penalty of twice the value of the wheat, and would bring into chancery letters testimonial sealed with the seal of the mayor of the city, or another authentic seal that the wheat was discharged there. It is ordered that Steller and Terry be permitted to take the wheat from Kingston to Bordeaux without any impediments, first paying the customs, subsidies and dues to the king, whatsoever ordinances, proclamations, statutes or orders of the king to them to the contrary notwithstanding.

74: 29 March 1390 . Westm' Westminster .

To the same.

Grant of a licence to Peirs Guilhem Periz, merchant and master of a ship called la Trinitee of Baion' Bayonne , that he can take 140 tuns of wheat bought in Gloucestershire , Somerset and Bristoll' Bristol , and loaded onto that ship by Periz and his servants, in the ports of Bristoll' Bristol , Cheppestowe Chepstow or Bruggewatre Bridgwater , to Baion' Bayonne . Periz had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because Johan [Domenge] , Johan Custace , Arnaut-Guilhem de Seddes and Panysas Guilhem Panissas , had personally mainprised before the king in chancery that Periz would take the wheat to Bayonne, and nowhere else, and would bring into chancery letters testimonial under the common seal of the city, or another authentic seal that the wheat was discharged there. It is ordered that Periz be permitted to take the wheat from to Bayonne without any impediments, first paying the customs due to the king, whatsoever proclamations, ordinances, prohibitions or orders of the king to them to the contrary notwithstanding.

75: 3 April 1390 . Westm' Westminster .

To all admirals, etc.

Grant of a licence to John Blench and Broun Walter Brown , that they can take 200 quarters of wheat and 100 quarters of beans bought in England, and loaded onto ships in the ports of Dertemuth' Dartmouth , Plymmuth' Plymouth and Appeldore Appledore , or in any of them, to the cities of Burdeg' Bordeaux and Baion' Bayonne , to trade with. Blench and Brown had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because Hankeford William Hankford of Devon , and Edmund Spyrcok of Hampshire personally mainprised before the king in chancery that Blench and Brown would take the wheat and beans to Bordeaux and Bayonne, and nowhere else, and would bring into chancery letters testimonial under the seal of the mayors of the cities, or another sufficient seal attesting that the wheat was discharged there. It is ordered that Blench and Brown be permitted to take the wheat to Bordeaux and Bayonne without any impediments, first paying the customs, subsidies and other dues to the king, whatsoever proclamations, inhibitions, ordinances, statutes or orders of the king to them to the contrary notwithstanding.

By bill of p.s.

76

15 April 1390 . Westm' Westminster . For protection .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for one year, for Grenewode John Greenwood , who is going to Aquitaine, in the king's service, to reside there in the company of lescrop William le Scrope, kt , seneschal there.

By bill of p.s.

: The following have similar letters of protection: ¹

1.: No names follow this, and the entry is followed by a space up until the end of the membrane, and contains three empty entry marks.

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77

2 March 1390 . The in palacio Regis Westm' palace of Westminster . For the appointing of the duke of Aquitaine . ¹

Appointment, with the assent of the prelates, dukes, magnates and other nobles, and the community of the realm of England present in the parliament held at Westm' Westminster , of the king's uncle, John [of Gaunt], duke of Lancaster , as duke of Aquitaine, investing him by putting a cap on his head, and giving him a golden rod, holding the same title for life. And so that the duke understands the king's affection to him, with the assent of parliament, he grants the same with all cities, castles, towns, places, lands, communities and provinces within the duchy. To have and to hold the same from the king and his heirs in liege homage for all his life, together with all islands adjacent to the same, homages, allegiances, honours, obediences, vassals, questaux , fees, arrière-fiefs , services, acknowledgments, rights, complete and shared jurisdiction, and with high, middle and low jurisdictions, safeguards, advowsons and patronages of metropolitan churches and cathedrals, both secular and regular, and the benefices of other churches pertaining to the king, dues, taxes, rents, profits, confiscations, emoluments, reversions and profits, regalities, franchises, liberties, privileges, immunities, uses and customs, all rights and appurtenances, wholly, just as the king's progenitors held them, and the premises made by the king before that time notwithstanding. Saving to the king and his heirs, sovereign lordship and resort of the duchy.

And to support the grant, the king has given the duke the authority and power to strike and mint gold and silver money, and other coinage of whatever kind, and to change the customary moneys then or at any future time coined by the duke as he sees fit, notwithstanding any usual custom of past time, and giving to the masters and workmen indulgences and privileges such as are usually given them; and to alienate in mortmain lands, places and rents freely or for payment; enobling non-noble people; appointing seneschals, judges, captains, consuls, notaries public, proctors, receivers, and whatsoever other officers, creating and appointing other persons; and restoring the banished and criminals to the condition and reputation, restoring them to their good name and their pays , and their moveable and immoveable goods, and fully pardoning them, even if they have been condemned to death; and the power to grant privileges, immunities, franchises, liberties and indulgences, permanent and temporary, to the cities, castles, towns and places, churches, ecclesiastical persons, monasteries, colleges, and to individual people. Proviso that immediately after the duke's death, the duchy should wholly revert to the king and his heirs.

1.: The marginal heading is crossed out, and a marginal note states 'Vacated because it is below under the same date'. For the entry that this note referred to, see entry . The replacement is substantially revised, so that this entry is given in full.

78

10 March 1390 . Westm' Westminster . For the count of Foix .

[in French]

Quittance and release by letters patent, in consideration of the good services the count of Foix ¹ has always done to the king and his ancestors, as the king's uncle the duke of Guyenne and Lancaster has informed him, of all the obligations the count had towards the late king's father the Dacquitaigne prince of Aquitaine and Wales ² or to the late John Chandos, kt , ³ because of the ransom of the Deny, de count of Denia . ⁴ The king will not demand anything from him because of these obligations.

By p.s.

1.: Gaston Fébus .
2.: Edward of Woodstock .
3.: d. 1 January 1370.
4.: Alfons d'Aragon the elder , count of Denia, captured at the battle of Nájera (3 April 1367). On 8 April 1389 John of Gaunt made an agreement with Gaston Fébus whereby he promised to obtain from Richard II these obligations and obtain acquittance from them before 3 April 1390. See Tucoo-Chala, P. Gaston Fébus et la vicomté de Béarn, 1343-1391 (Bordeaux, 1960), pp. 336 and 366, document no.XXIV (wrongly dated there 8 April 1390), from the Archives Départementales des Pyrénées-Atlantiques, Pau, E 413. Gaston Fébus granted a loan to the count of Denia in 1371. He received money from the count of Denia, but never paid this money to the Prince, Chandos or any other creditors of the count of Denia. In the end, he obtained 100,000 florins from this fraud. See Tucoo-Chala Gaston Fébus , idem, pp. 284-5. On the loan of Gaston Fébus to the count of Denia see also Castillo Sainz, J., Alfons el Vell, duc reial de Gandia (Gandia, 1999), pp. 92-3.

79: 26 February 1390 . Westm' Westminster . For Bernat de Bernas .

Appointment, by the king's special grace, of Bernat de Bernas, Baion' citizen of Bayonne , for his good service, as serjeant-at-arms in all of the duchy of Aquitaine, holding the same for life with the liberties, honours and franchises pertaining to that office, and taking the wages and rewards pertaining to that office from the constable of Bordeaux.

By p.s.

80: 15 April 1390 . Westm' Westminster . For a licence to transport wheat .

To all admirals etc.

Grant of a licence to Derlyng John Darling of Norfolk , that he can take 60 tuns of wheat bought in England, and loaded onto ships by him or his servants in whatsoever ports it pleases him, to the cities of Burdeg' Bordeaux or Baion' Bayonne . Darling had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because Henry Scogan of Norfolk , and Heygham Alan Hingham of the same county , personally mainprised before the king in chancery that Darling would take the wheat to Bordeaux or Bayone and nowhere else, under the penalty of twice the value of the wheat, and would bring into chancery letters testimonial under the common seal of either of the cities, or another authentic seal attesting that the wheat was discharged there. It is ordered that Darling be permitted to take the wheat to Bordeaux or Bayonne without any impediments, first paying the customs, subsidies and other dues to the king, whatsoever proclamations, ordinances, prohibitions or orders of the king to them to the contrary notwithstanding.

81

20 February 1390 . Westm' Westminster . For Nonpar de Caumont .

[in French]

Grant by letters patent, by the king's special grace, and at the request of the king's uncle, the duke of Lancaster , and other lords, to Nonpar de Caumont according to the content of his request all the places mentioned below with all their high and low justice and their tolls, he and his heirs holding the same from the king and his heirs by the customary services, without rendering anything to the king, saving only the sovereign power and resort on these places as king and principal lord. Caumont has requested that the king, since he has served him all his life in his wars, and has suffered great damages and losses, and he has conquered from the king's adversary of France ¹ the places of Caumont and Gontaut Gontaud[-de-Nogaret] whereof a moiety pertains to the king, and as he is the closest kinsman alive of the house of Caumont lineage, ² and as the place of Caumont is totally destroyed apart from a small fortification into which the inhabitants have withdrawn and live, and does not then produce any profit, according to what asserts Nonpar, will grant him the place of Caumont with the half of Gontaud which Nonpar then holds, together with the places of Monpelhan Montpouillan , Samasan Samazan , Boclon Bouglon , la Bastide de Castet Amoros [Labastide-]Castel-Amouroux and all their high and low justice, tolls and appurtenances, which places apart from Caumont and Gontaud are in the hands of the king's enemies and belong to the lordship of Caumont.

By p.s.

1.: Charles VI of France.
2.: Guilhem-Ramon de Caumont died in 1360 without heirs leaving his lordship in his will to Edward III. Nonpar de Caumont was issued from the cadet branch of the Caumont lords of Saint-Barthélémy . See the Caumont genealogy in Noble, P., 'L'identité de l'auteur du Voyaige d'Outremet en Jherusalem ', Romania , 90 (1969), p. 394.

82: 20 February 1390 . Westm' Westminster . For Nonpar de Caumont, and Anessans, his brother .

Grant, by the king's special grace, to Nounpar Nonpar de Caumont , and Anisant Anessans de Caumont , his brother, of the place of la Parade Laparade with its lordship and other appurtenances, holding the same for their lives, for the customary services, without rendering anything to the king, saving only sovereignty and resort of the same. Nonpar has alleged that he holds in his hand in the duchy of Aquitaine a place called Laparade which pertains to the king and which is worth less than 5 fr. [a year]. The place was totally burnt two years previously, apart from a 'maison forte' ( hospicium forte ) where twenty inhabitants live.

By p.s.

83

8 June 1390 . Westm' Westminster . For protection .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for one year, for Richard Savage, citizen and vintner of London , who is going to Aquitaine, in the king's service, with the king's uncle, John [of Gaunt], duke of Aquitaine and Lancaster , in the company of lescrop' William le Scrope, kt , seneschal of the same uncle in Gascony , to stay there in the same service. ¹

By bill of p.s.

1.: For other letters of protection for the same individual on this roll, see entry 4 and entry

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84: 21 April 1390 . Westm' Westminster . For William Grenell .

To all admirals, etc.

Grant of a licence to William Grenell of Caunpeden' Campden , that he can take 120 quarters of wheat bought in Somerset , Bristoll' Bristol and Gloucestershire , and loaded onto ships in the port of Bristoll' Bristol by him and his servants, to Vascon' Gascony to trade with. Grenell had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because Master John de Godmanston of Herefordshire , and Thomas de Stanley of Yorkshire , personally mainprised before the king in chancery that Grenell would take the wheat to Gascony, and nowhere else, under the penalty of twice the value of the wheat, and would bring into chancery letters testimonial under the common seal of Burdeg' Bordeaux or Baion' Bayonne attesting that the wheat was discharged there. It is ordered that Grenell be permitted to take the wheat to Gascony without any impediments, first paying the customs due to the king, whatsoever orders of the king to them to the contrary notwithstanding.

85

21 March 1390 . Westm' Westminster . For the hearing of an appeal etc. - Bond .

Commission to Francesco [Uguccione], Burdeg' archbishop of Bordeaux , and Robert [Waldby], Aduren' bishop of Aire , and Lescrop' William le Scrope and Trayley John Trailly , kts, Master Favo, de Pélegrin Dufau , Dasta Bertran d'Aste, official of Bordeaux , and Master Andrewe Reynaut Andrieu, judge appellate of Bordeaux , or three of them at least, to inspect the matter of the complaint of Bonde John Bond of Bristoll Bristol , merchant , and the verdict given previously in the appeal, and in the original case, and all relevant matters, and determine the matter according to the laws, fors and customs there, and to do swift and full justice to the parties, summarily, cutting out delays and subterfuge and frivolous appeals. Therefore they are ordered to diligently examine the matter, hear and decide the appeal case, and the original case, and all related matters, and make a proper decision according to the fors, laws and customs of Aquitaine so that Bond has no reason to complain to the king and his council in England again. Prohibition to the duke and other superior judges of the duchy, and also the mayor, jurats and prévôt of the city of Bordeaux, and all others from doing anything while the matter is pending before them, but rather they are to aid them in the examination, discussion and execution of the business.

Bond has shown the king that the king, on 9 March 1386, at Bond's request, granted a commission under the great seal, and in that commission full power was granted to arrest all Bretons who were found within the king's lordship of Aquitaine or elsewhere, together with their goods and chattels as a marque and reprisal for damage and loss sustained from the Bretons, just as more fully appears in the commission. By this commission the prévôt of Bayonne , at Bond's request, arrested certain Bretons, a Breton ship and five barques loaded with merchandise to the value of 10,000 fr. , and the ship, barques and merchandise were delivered to Bond, just as is more fully contained in a public instrument made on this. Bond placed the Bretons, for their safe-keeping in the castle of Bayonne . However, the mayor, jurats and hundred peers of Bayonne , in contempt of the king's order and commission, came to the castle in great numbers and released the Bretons, against the wishes of the prévôt and Bond, and returned them to their vessels with their merchandise, to Bond's grave damage. In response Bond brought a plea against the mayor, jurats and hundred peers before the king's uncle, John [of Gaunt], duke of Aquitaine and Lancaster , by which sentence was pronounced that the mayor, jurats and hundred peers of the city should restore to Bond the goods that had been arrested, or the value of the same. The mayor, jurats and hundred peers, knowing that they would be gravely damaged by this, appealed to the king by Master Johan de Gramont, clerk , proctor and syndic of the city , delaying Bond's settlement. Bond now requests remedy, and the king wishes full and speedy justice to be done. ¹

By p.s.

1.: For a related entry see entry 107 .

86: 24 May 1390 . Westm' Westminster . For protection .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for one year, for Lityl John Little, chaplain , keeper of the chapel of St Thomas of Canterbury in the castle of Bordeaux , who is going to Aquitaine, in the king's service, with the king's uncle, John [of Gaunt], duke of Aquitaine and Lancaster , to reside there in the company of lescrop' William le Scrope, kt , lieutenant of the same uncle .

By bill of p.s.

For the appointment of the duke of Aquitaine.

2 March 1390 . The in palacio Regis Westm' palace of Westminster .

Appointment, with the assent of the prelates, dukes, magnates and other nobles, and the community of the realm of England present in the parliament held at Westm' Westminster , of the king's uncle, John [of Gaunt], duke of Lancaster , as duke of Aquitaine, investing him by putting a cap on his head, and giving him a golden rod, holding the same title for life. And so that the duke understands the king's affection for him, with the assent of parliament, he grants the same with all cities, castles, towns, places, lands, communities and provinces within the duchy. To have and to hold the same from the king as king of France and his heirs as king of France in liege homage for all his life, together with all islands adjacent to the same, homages, allegiances, honours, obediences, vassals, questaux , fees, arrière-fiefs , services, legal rights, rights, complete and shared jurisdiction, and with high, middle and low jurisdictions, safeguards, advowsons and patronages of metropolitan churches and cathedrals, both secular and regular, and the benefices of other churches pertaining to the king, dues, taxes, rents, profits, confiscations, emoluments, reversions and royal profits, royalties, franchises, liberties, privileges, immunities, uses and customs, all rights and appurtenances, wholly, just as the king and his progenitors held them, any grants of any offices made by the king, which the king is revoking, notwithstanding. Saving to the king and his heirs, sovereign lordship and resort of the duchy. The king does not wish that the duke have the power at any time in his life to alienate and transfer the castle and lordship of Fronsac in any way, but that they are to be kept in his hands annexed to the duchy.

And further to support the grant, the king has given the duke the authority and power to strike and mint gold and silver money, and other coinage of whatever kind, and of changing the customary moneys then or at any future time coined by the duke as he sees fit, notwithstanding any custom to the contrary, and giving to the masters and workmen indulgences and privileges such as are usually given them; and to alienate in mortmain lands, places and rents freely or for payment or bequeathed; enobling non-noble people; appointing seneschals, judges, captains, consuls, notaries public, proctors, receivers, and whatsoever other officers, and when there is need of removing officials who have been appointed, and appointing other persons in their place; and restoring exiles and criminals of any condition of those provinces, restoring them to their good name and their pays , and their moveable and immoveable goods, and fully pardoning them, even if they have been condemned to death; and the power to grant privileges, immunities, franchises, liberties and indulgences, permanent and temporary, to the cities, castles, towns and places, churches, ecclesiastical persons, monasteries, colleges, and to individual people. The king does not wish to revoke by this grant the privileges granted by the king's progenitors to the patria and subjects of Aquitaine that they will not be separated from the crown, but rather has suspended them for the term of the duke's life. Proviso that immediately after the duke's death, the duchy should wholly revert to the king and his heirs. ¹

1.: For the entry which this entry replaced, see entry . For a confirmation of these letters, see entry in C 61/104 .

2 March 1390 . Westm' Westminster .

[in French]

To all the king's prelates, archbishops, bishops, abbots, priors, deans, chapters, colleges, and other churchmen, counts, vicomtes, barons and other nobles and knights, captains, mayors, consuls, ¹ jurats, ² prévôts, constables, castellans, communities and all the other subjects and inhabitants in the duchy of Aquitaine of whatever condition.

Order under the great seal to acknowledge the king's uncle John [of Gaunt], duke of Lancaster as duke of Aquitaine with all its rights as the king has granted him for life this duchy with his charter to be held from him as king of France with the direct lordship, sovereignty and resort. They have to obey Gaunt without making impediment or waiting for another order from the king. They have to keep for themselves a copy of these presents by vidimus under the seal of Gaunt, these copies having to be made as many times as needed.

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Same as above

[in French]

This entry continues on this membrane.

1.: town councillors
2.: town councillors

Same as above

[in French]

Order to all the king's captains, castellans, vicomtes, constables, mayors, prévôts, bayles, consuls, ¹ jurats, ² and all the other king's officers living within the duchy of Aquitaine to show to [John of Gaunt] 's deputies and officers when they will arrive in Aquitaine with sufficient power from him their accounts and deliver copies to them so that the king's uncle, now duke of Aquitaine, his deputies and officers will know better the state and government of the country in order that these latter can report them to the king and his council in Engleterre England , and they have to pay and make pay from the issues of their offices the fees and wages to the soldiers and the other king's officers and was is owed to them. They have to pay these revenues to [John of Gaunt] after the date of these letters.

1.: town councillors
2.: town councillors

Same as above

[in French]

The king repeals, breaks and nullifies all the donations, grants of lands, tenements, possessions and whatever other goods to any person by the king's ancestors and the current king so that their profits and revenues be used for the good government and safegard of the land [of Aquitaine], any letters of the king or his ancestors to the contrary notwithstanding. The king has learned that [Aquitaine] has been put on severe strain by several donations done by the king and his ancestors of lands, tenements, possessions and goods which went in the hands of the king's progenitors and of the king because of rebellion, crime, felony, seizure or any other way, and also by allocations made on the custom of the castle of Bordeaux so that the king's uncle the duke of Aquitaine ¹ will not have any help, nor comfort for the maintenance of his officers and other people in charge to fight, who have to remain there during war time as well as peace time for the government and continual defence of [Aquitaine] to resist against the king's enemies, and these means cannot be found without excessive cost of the king and his kingdom. ²

1.: John of Gaunt .
2.: For a related entry see entry 113 .

1 May 1390 .

[in French]

Order to Sir Berne Per-Arnaut de Béarn , ¹ the Castelnaw lord of Castelnau[-Tursan] ² and Marssen Arnaut-Guilhem de Marsan to obey [John of Gaunt] as duke of Aquitaine, his seneschal and his officers without making any impediment or waiting for any other king's order.

1.: Per-Arnaut de Béarn, lord of Estang .
2.: Ramon-Bernat III de Castelnau (d. c. 1412).

Same as above

[in French]

Similar letters patent are directed to the lord of Lesparre , ¹ under the same date, and omitting the words 'and to each of you'.

1.: Florimont de Lesparre (d. 1394).

Year 14 of the reign of Richard II

93: Same as above

Here begins the fourteenth year [of the reign of Richard II].

94: 6 July 1390 . The paloys palace[of Westminster] .

[in French]

Order to Lescrop William le Scrop, kt , to do and carry out the articles and things written in the previous entries according to the content of the king's letters.

By K. and C.

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95: 6 July 1390 . Westm' Westminster . For the providing of lodging for the seneschal .

To all sheriffs, mayors, bailiffs, ministers and other faithful subjects of the king.

Letters of intendancy in favour of Thomas Seynyll' , serjeant-at-arms , whom the king has assigned to provide housing and lodging within Cornub' Cornwall and Devon , and in neighbouring parts where he thought it reasonable, for lescrop' William le Scrope, kt , seneschal of the king's uncle, John [of Gaunt], duke of Aquitaine and Lancaster , in the duchy of Aquitaine , and for men-at-arms and archers going in his company, in the king's service, to Aquitaine. They are to be intendant on, consult and aid Seynyll' in the execution of this.

For protections.

96: 10 July 1390 . Westm' Westminster .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for one year, for Broun Walter Brown, esquire , of Devon , who is going to Aquitaine, in the king's service, in the company of lescrop' William le Scrope, kt , seneschal of the king's uncle, John [of Gaunt], duke of Aquitaine and Lancaster , in the duchy of Aquitaine , to reside there in the same service.

By bill of p.s.

10 July 1390 . Westm' Westminster .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for one year, for Richard Savage, citizen and vintner of London , who is staying in the duchy of Aquitaine, in the king's service, in the company of lescrop' William Scrope, kt , seneschal of the king's uncle, John [of Gaunt], duke of Aquitaine and Lancaster , in the duchy of Aquitaine . ¹

By bill etc.

1.: For other letters of protection for the same individual on the same roll, see entry 4 and entry 77 .

98

30 July 1390 . castrum de Notyngham Nottingham Castle . For the hearing and determining of an appeal .

Commission of oyer and terminer to Francesco [Uguccione], Burdeg' archbishop of Bordeaux , the constable of Bordeaux, Master Embryn Johan Embrun, dean of the church of Saint-André in Bordeaux , ¹ Master Fau, du Pélegrin Dufau, canon [of Bordeaux] , ² , or at least two of them, for the cause of the appeal brought by Coignak Johan de Cognac , tutor of Amanianus Amaniu de Cognac and his sister Isabelle Isabel[de Cognac] , ³ concerning the succession of their father, a cause pending before Master Bruyll, de Hélias Dubreuil , lieutenant of John Trailly, governor of the office of seneschal of Aquitaine, against the procurator fiscal and the same John Trailly.

By p.s.

1.: Johan Embrun ( Johannes Embrini ), dean of Saint-André of Bordeaux (1388-1423) and canon of Saint-Seurin of Bordeaux (1393-1424). See Lainé, F., Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae , 13, Diocèse de Bordeaux (Turnhout, 2012), p.349, no.236.
2.: Canon of Bordeaux (1387-c. 1399). On him (under the name of Peregrinus de Fabo ), see Lainé, F., Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae , 13, Diocèse de Bordeaux (Turnhout, 2012), p.368-9, no.457.
3.: Possibly members of the Limousin family of the lords of Cognac (com. Cognac-la-Forêt, arr. Rochechouart, dép. Haute-Vienne).

99

30 August 1390 . Chastel de Wyndesore Windsor Castle . For safe conduct .

[in French]

Safegard and protection granted until 2 February 1391 to the knights Montmor Jacques de Montmort , Montmor Morlet de Montmort , Hugues de Boulay , Blaysy Jean de Blaisy , Braquet de Braquemont ¹ and the clerks Master Nicol Nicole de Rance , Master Seint Veram Jean de Saint-Vérain , Master Estienet, Gyvry Étiennet de Givry , Master Henri de Marle and Master Dudrat Jean du Drac ² with 40 men-at-arms and 10 crossbowmen sent to the parts of Aquitaine to correct some crimes and injuries made from the king's part or the king's adversary of France's part against the truces lately made in Picardy ³ between the men and commissaries of the king and those of the adversary of France. ⁴ During this period, they are allowed to stay in the parts of Aquitaine or elsewhere if needed, and return by land and at sea to the parts of France as often as they want. The king orders all his constables, marshals, admirals, vice-admirals, captains, seneschals, bailiffs, provost, justices, castellans, keepers of the castles, closed towns and other fortresses, of the bridges, harbours and passages and the other king's officers, subjects, friends and allies to let them peacefully pass, stay as many time as they want by land and at sea to the parts of Aquitaine or elsewhere if needed without making any impediment or seizure against them or their goods.

By K. and C.

1.: Guillaume I de Braquemont nicknamed 'le Braquet de Braquemont'.
2.: They were all representatives of the king of France Charles VI.
3.: The truce of Leulinghen (18 July 1389). This truce was to last in Aquitaine (or Guyenne) and the lands situated south of the river Loire from 1 August 1389 to 1 August 1392.
4.: Charles VI .

100

3 September 1390 . The a notre paleis de Westm' palace of Westminster . For the correction of actions made against the truce .

[in French]

Order by these presents to Lescrop William le Scrop, Daquitaigne seneschal of Aquitaine , Galhart [II] de Durfort, lord of Duras and Blanqefort Blanquefort , Traly John Trailly, Burdeux mayor of Bordeaux , William Elmham and Cradok Richard Craddock , knights, Master Fau, du Pélegrin Dufau, canon [of Bordeaux] , ¹ Bertran d'Aste, official [of Bordeaux] , ² and Taudyner Guilhem-Arnaut de Taudinar, clerk of Bordeaux , or at least two of them, because of the complaint the part of France has done to the king that some captains and men-at-arms ³ being his liege men and subjects of Aquitaine have taken several places, fortresses, men and cattle from the part of France and have done several damages against the tenor of the present truces agreed between the king and his adversary of France, ⁴ to get together with armed men if needed, with the messengers of the king's adversary of France sent by this latter about the repairing of the said truces to go towards the captains and garrisons situated on the frontiers where it is needed to act, and they have to return to the part of France the places, fortresses, men and cattle which have been seized against the tenor of the said truces and repair all damages made on both sides against the tenor of these truces, and make quickly full justice ordering to the king's liege men to return these things to their owners and repair their damages according to their oath and allegiance towards the king, otherwise they will be considered as traitors, these latter having to swear to keep these truces. And if any of these king's liege men disobey, they have to banish them from the kingdom [of England ] and the lordship of Aquitaine, ordering to all the king's liege men and subjects not to give advice to them but to treat them as rebels towards the king and his crown. They have also to remove the conservators [of the truces] they find inefficient, and replace them by efficient ones, and make swear to these captains and garrisons to keep these truces. The king gives them special mandate to do so. The king orders to all the officers, counts, vicomtes, barons, knights, captains, men-at-arms and other liege men of the king's lordship of Aquitaine to obey them and give them advice, with armed force if needed, as many times they will be required by them.

By K. and C.

1.: Canon of Bordeaux (1387-c. 1399). On him (under the name of Peregrinus de Fabo ), see Lainé, F., Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae , 13, Diocèse de Bordeaux (Turnhout, 2012), p.368-9, no.457.
2.: A future canon of Bordeaux (from 1406). On him (under the name of Bertrandus de Asta ), see Lainé, F., Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae , 13, Diocèse de Bordeaux (Turnhout, 2012), p.280, no.97. The official of Bordeaux was the judge of the archbishop of Bordeaux.
3.: The Anglo-Gascon routiers captains and their garrisons.
4.: The truce of Leulinghen (18 July 1389). This truce was to last in Aquitaine (or in Guyenne) and the lands situated south of the river Loire from 1 August 1389 to 1 August 1392.

For protections.

101: 19 October 1390 . Westm' Westminster .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for one year, for Lanbrok' William Langbrook, clerk , constable of Bordeaux , who is going to Aquitaine, in the king's service, to stay there on the safe-keeping of the castle of Bordeaux.

By bill of p.s.

102

Same as above

Merford William Marford has similar letters of protection for the same duration. ¹

By bill etc.

1.: The entry is followed by a space before the final protection on this membrane, with an empty set of entry marks.

103: 7 December 1390 . Westm' Westminster .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for a year, for Bernat d'Alem, alias Bernat Doat , esquire , who is going to Aquitaine, in the king's service, to reside there in the king's service.

By bill of p.s.

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104: 1 July 1390 . Westm' Westminster . For the arrest of ships and mariners .

Assignment to Seyuyll' Thomas Seyvill, serjeant-at-arms , to arrest as many ships and other vessels, and mariners in Cornub' Cornwall and Devon as are necessary for the shipping of lescrop' William le Scrope, kt , seneschal of the king's uncle, John [of Gaunt], duke of Aquitaine and Lancaster , and the men-at-arms and archers, and others in his company, who are going to Aquitaine in the king's service. All of those whom he finds opposing this are to be arrested and kept in prison until the king will ordain on their punishment. Seyvill is to attend to this, and the king has ordered all the sheriffs, mayors, bailiffs, ministers, masters and mariners, and other faithful subjects, to be intendant on, and aid him as often as requested.

105: 6 July 1390 . The in palacio Regis Westm' palace of Westminster . Concerning the appeal of Florimont, lord of Lesparre .

Commission of oyer and terminer to Francesco [Uguccione], Burdeg' archbishop of Bordeaux , Master Fabo, de Pélegrin Dufau, doctor of canon law and Medulcus archdeacon of Médoc , and Bulgario, de Guilhem de Burgar, bachelor of laws , concerning the damage caused to Florimont, Lesparra lord of Lesparre , by an interlocutory sentence made against him on the Vertulli, de castle of Vertheuil in the case between Florimont on one hand and the king's procurator [fiscal] on the other, made before Mancipii Johan Massip, bachelor of law , lieutenant or delegate to justice in Gascony, as Florimont has appealed to the king against this sentence, to check, at least two of them, without delay this sentence according to the local fors, laws and customs. So that Florimont does not bring again this matter before the king in the future. The king forbids to all the officers of his uncle, John [of Gaunt], duke of Aquitaine and Lancaster , and all the other superior judges of the duchy of Aquitaine, and also the mayors, jurats and prévôts of all the cities of the duchy of Aquitaine and others who have an interest, from attempting anything in prejudice of the parties as long as the cause is pendent.

By p.s.

106: 20 July 1390 . Westm' Westminster . For the transport of corn .

To all admirals etc.

Grant of a licence to Gilbert Joce of Bristoll' Bristol that he can take 600 quarters of wheat and beans bought in Somerset , Devon , Gloucestershire and Bristoll' Bristol , and loaded onto ships in the ports of Bristoll' Bristol or Briggewater Bridgwater , to Burdeg' Bordeaux , or Baion' Bayonne , to trade with. Joce had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because Elyngton' William Ellington, clerk , of Yorkshire , and John Frank, clerk , of Somerset , who personally mainprised before the king in chancery that Joce would take the wheat and beans to Bordeaux or Bayonne, and nowhere else, under the penalty of twice the value of the grain, and would bring into chancery letters testimonial under the seal of the mayor of the city, or of Bayonne, or another authentic seal attesting that the wheat and beans was discharged there. It is ordered that Joce be permitted to take the wheat and beans to Bordeaux or Bayonne without any impediments, paying the customs, subsidies and other dues to the king, whatsoever ordinances, prohibitions, statutes or orders of the king to them to the contrary notwithstanding.

107

29 August 1390 . Castrum nostrum de Wyndesore Windsor Castle . For the hearing of an appeal .

[in French]

Commission of oyer and terminer to Francesco [Uguccione], Burdeg' archbishop of Bordeaux , the Adurensis bishop of Aire , ¹ Lescrop William le Scrop , Traily John Trailly , knights, Master Favo, de Pélegrin Dufau , Dasta Bertran d'Aste, official of Bordeaux , and Master Reginaldus Reynaut Andrieu, judge appellate of Bordeaux , concerning the pendent case between Bonde John Bond of Bristoll' Bristol , merchant , and the mayor, jurats and hundred peers of Bayonne before the king's uncle John [of Gaunt], duke of Aquitaine and Lancaster, former king's lieutenant in Gascony, and the men of his council, on the arrest of some Bretons with a ship and five barques with their merchandise to the value of 10,000 fr. according to a legal estimate at their freight, shown to the king by the mayor, jurats and hundred peers of Bayonne, these latter having appealed to the king has it is shown by a public instrument. And if something is tried after or against this appeal, they have to return it to its original status according to the local laws, fors and customs. This is done under the king's great seal ² .

By K.

1.: Robert Waldby .
2.: For the related entry explaining all this case, see entry 85 .

108: 6 October 1390 . Westm' Westminster .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for one year, for William de Elmham, kt , who is going to Aquitaine, in the king's service, for certain business of the king and the realm of England, and residing there upon the execution of the same.

By bill of p.s.

109: 10 October 1390 . Westm' Westminster .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for one year, for Cradok' Richard Craddock , who is going to Aquitaine, in the king's service, for certain business of the king and the realm of England, and residing there in that service.

By bill of p.s.

110: 18 October 1390 . The in palacio nostro Westm' palace of Westminster .

Transfer to John [of Gaunt], duke of Aquitaine and Lancaster , and the appropriate officers he will appoint, of the causes of appeal sent to the king because of wrongs done by the king's liege men, the king's officers and their delegates ex officio or at the instigation of the parties, when the king had the useful domain ( utile dominium ) of the duchy of Aquitaine and had this duchy in his hand before he gave it to Gaunt, for the articles of appeal cannot easily be examined in the kingdom of England.

By p.s.

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111

29 November 1390 . Westm' Westminster . For the hearing of the complaints etc.

Commission of oyer and terminer to the archbishop of Bordeaux , ¹ the abbots of Sainte-Croix of Bordeaux ² and of Blavia Saint-Romain of Blaye , the deans of Saint-André of Bordeaux and Saint-Seurin of Bordeaux , Master Podio, de Ramon-Guilhem de Puy , Master Fabo, de Pélegrin Dufau , Bordili, de Johan du Bourdieu and Asta, de Bertran d'Aste to receive the appeals sent to the king as king of France and lord of the duchy of Aquitaine and at least three of them have to make full justice about them according to the local laws, fors and customs and the stile of the king's court of France. The king orders all the archbishops, bishops, dukes, counts, vicomtes, marquis, barons, seneschals, mayors, prévôts, officers and all his other liege men, nobles as well as commoners who will read these presents to obey and be intendant to them on this matter.

By K. and C.

1.: Francesco [Uguccione] .
2.: Amaniu de Lamothe, abbot from 1385 to 1412.

On a declaration concerning the duchy of Aquitaine.

112

23 November 1390 . The in palacio nostro Westm' palace of Westminster . ¹

The king declares to the archbishops, bishops, abbots, priors, deans, chapters, colleges and other ecclesiastical persons as well as the counts, vicomtes, barons, knights and the other nobles, as well as the mayors, prévôts, bayles, jurats, communities and inhabitants of the cities, towns and all the duchy of Aquitaine, that the grant of the duchy of his uncle John [of Gaunt], duke of Aquitaine and Lancaster , had been done for his lifetime and it is not the intention of the king to go against the privilege given to them by the king's ancestors through which the duchy and the king's subjects there cannot be separated from the crown of England and be put outside the king's hand. ² So that after Gaunt's death, the duchy will revert to the crown and into the king's hands. The king keeps to himself and his heirs the superior resort over the duchy according to the king's letters granting the duchy to Gaunt.

By K. and C.

1.: A note in the margin states ' extractus '.
2.: Gascony was perpetually united to the crown of England when it was given to the future Edward I by his father Henry III in 1252 and again in 1254.

113

30 November 1390 . The in paloys de Westm' palace of Westminster .

[in French]

The king breaks and nullifies by these presents with his council assent his previous letters repealing breaking and nullifying all the donations, grants of lands, tenements, possessions and whatever other goods granted in the duchy of Aquitaine to any person by the king's ancestors and the current king. ¹ All the grants done by the king's ancestors and the current king have to be reverted to their original state predating these letters of revocation of these grants. Because of these revocations several altercations and disputes have been made by the king's subjects of [Aquitaine], some asserting that not only these grants have been revoked, but also the privileges, franchises and liberties of the land granted by the king and his ancestors. It is not the king's will to make any prejudice against these privileges, franchises and liberties and the king wanted only to revoke the things granted on the patrimony of the duchy owned by him and his ancestors kings of England and dukes of Guyenne, ansd not to revoke or remove those who have well served the king's crown, the king's ancestors and the current king. They are letters patent under the king's great seal.

1.: See entry 90 .

114: 10 January 1391 . Westm' Westminster . For Bernat d'Alem.

Grant, by the king's special grace, to Bernat d'Alem, the king's esquire , for his good service, of the delay in the payment of his debts which he owes in the lordship of Aquitaine, for the term of two years. The king does not wish that Bernat be troubled by reason of his debts before the end of the term.

By p.s.

115

17 January 1391 . The a notre paloys de Westm' palace of Westminster .

[in French]

Assignment to Florimont, Sparre, la lord of Lesparre , Traille John Trailly, Burdeux mayor of Bordeaux , William Elmham and Cradok Richard Craddock , knights, and two of them at least, to treat with the Darmynak count of Armagnac ¹ to come into the obedience of the king as his true liege, inducing him by all good and reasonable ways according to their discretion. They are to certify the king under their seals of what they have done, and the king orders them to diligently attend to this.

By K. and C.

1.: Johan III d'Armagnac, count of Armagnac (1384-91), who died on 25 July 1391.

116: Same as above

[in French]

Assignment to the same commissioners to treat with the lebret lord of Albret to come [into the king's obedience] as above.

For John de Windsor, king's esquire. ¹

117

28 February 1392 . ¹ Westm' Westminster . ²

Grant, by the king's special grace, that Wyndesore John de Windsor, king's esquire , executor of the testament of of Wyndesore William Windsor, kt , deceased, should be paid the 1,000 m. owed to him by Nicholas Brembre, kt , deceased, from the money paid to the king's kinsman Thomas de Percy, the king's attorney , by Sorde Ramonet de Sort , after Percy has taken the money that the king previous granted him to be taken from that sum, John having this for the good service done by William. If the money is not sufficient to pay that sum, then John is to be paid it by the constable of Bordeaux, from the money, goods and chattels received by him by the forfeiture of Brmebre.

Brembre, owed 1,000 m. to William as part of a greater sum that he owed to him, and which neither William, nor his heirs or executors, have been paid, or are able to have recovery of the same without the king's special grace, because Brembre's goods and chattels have forfeited into the king's hand by judgment lately made against him. Also Bertrucat d'Albret , deceased, owed Brembre a great sum of money, which Ramonet de Sort, heir and executor of the testament of Bertrucat, by virtue of Brembre's forfeiture, is bound to pay it to Thomas de Percy, by assignment. ³

By p.s.

1.: The date is problematic since it is clearly given as the 29 February in the document, though this should be in 14 Richard II, and therefore 1391 and that was not a leap year. This would appear to be a clerical error presumably for 28 February, since the letters patent referred to in the lengthy marginal note against this entry date to 29 March 1391 ( Calendar of the Patent Rolls (CPR), 1389-92 , p.388).
2.: A note in the margin states ' extractus '. A further note states 'This letter was vacated because it was restored, because the lord king on 29 March, in the present year, caused John de Windsor to take the within mentioned 1,000 marks by the hand of the sheriff of Somerset and Dorset , the king's receiver of Cornwall and Devon , the sheriffs of London , and the sheriff of York , from the issues of their bailiwick, just as it appears in the patent rolls of the same year. Therefore this letter was cancelled and destroyed.' For these letters of 29 March, see Calendar of the Patent Rolls (CPR) 1389-92 , p.388.
3.: The entry is crossed out.

118

Same as above

And it is ordered to Gedeney John Gedney, late constable of Bordeaux , that the residue of the sum of 1,000 m. that Wyndesore John de Windsor has not been able to have, is to be paid to the same John from the money, goods and chattels that are in the hands of the constable by reason of the forfeiture of the aforesaid Nicholas according to the tenor of the king's letters, and the king wishes that the constable be discharged towards the king for the same.

By the same writ.

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12 March 1391 . Westminster .

Commission of oyer and terminer to Francesco [Uguccione], Burdeg' archbishop of Bordeaux , Lescrope William le Scrop, seneschal of Aquitaine , Lambroc William Langbrook, constable of Bordeaux, licentiate of laws , Embryn Johan Embrun, dean of the church of Saint-André in Bordeaux , doctor of laws , ¹ Andree Reynaut Andrieu, bachelor of both laws , concerning the legal case opposing Colynhano, de Arnaut de Colignan , Colynhano, de Johan de Colignan , Lavenario, de Arnaut de Labénar , Rupho, de Arnaut de Ros , Rupho, de Hélias de Ros , and Lavenario, de Maria de Labénar , parishioners of Saint-Seurin in Bordeaux on one hand, and the abbot and convent of Sainte-Croix of Bordeaux , and the late Calculi Bertran Caillau, kt , now represented by his heiress Blancha Blanca Caillau , on the other. ² Previously, the king has given a similar commission to Francesco [Uguccione], Burdeg' archbishop of Bordeaux , Viridariis, de Johan du Bergey, doctor in decretals , and Master Burdyu Johan du Bourdieu, doctor of canon law , but the abbot of Sainte-Croix and the heirs of Bertran Caillau opposed this appeal, so Arnaut de Colignan and the others appealed again to the king, so the previous commission was forced to postpone their hearing of the case.

1.: Johan Embrun ( Johannes Embrini ), dean of Saint-André of Bordeaux (1388-1423) and canon of Saint-Seurin of Bordeaux (1393-1424). See Lainé, F., Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae , 13, Diocèse de Bordeaux (Turnhout, 2012), p. 349, no. 236.
2.: See entry 66 .

Concerning the causes of appeal to be heard and finished.

119

Same as above

Similar order to the same concerning the legal case opposing Colinhano, de Guilhem de Colignan the elder , Colinhano, de Guilhem de Colignan the younger , Colinhano; de Ayquem de Colignan , Colinhano, de Gaucem de Colignan the elder , of the Brugiis parish of Bruges , Dengorsa Pey de Lagorce , Dengorssa Arnaut de Lagorce , of the Antelhano, de parish of le Taillan , Deymerii Ayquem d'Eymeri , Degleysas Pey de Gleyze , of the Danpiano, de parish of le Pian , Pey Sinet of Blancaforti Blanquefort , Reymundi Ayquem Ramon , Reymundi Guilhem Ramon and Reymundi Pey Ramon , sons of Reymundi Pey Ramon , of the Porumpuyra parish of Parempuyre on one hand, and Mota, de Arnaut-Guilhem de Lamothe and Caupenna Contor de Caupenne , his wife on the other, ¹ about Guilhem and the others on their status as questaux ( questales ). ²

1.: See entry 67 .
2.: In Gascony the questaux were the equivalent of serfs.

Concerning confirmation [for Bernat] d'Alem.

120: 20 June 1391 . The in palacio nostro Westm' palace of Westminster .

Inspeximus of letters patent of the king's uncle, John [of Gaunt], duke of Aquitaine and Lancaster, lately made to Bernat d'Alem, alias Bernat Doat in these words:

121

11 February 1391 . Westm' Westminster .

11 February 1391 . Loundres London .

Grant for life to Bernat d'Alem , alias Bernat Doat, if he survives Aubrey de Vere, of the house of Tartas as long as the lord of Albret is a rebel, as well as the other goods and its appurtenances this lord had at Bordeaux and in the banlieue of Bordeaux without accounting anything. And because of his good service to [Edward III] and the Prince ¹ Gaunt allows him to make an agreement with Vere about these goods. Alem has supplicated to John [of Gaunt], duke of Guyenne , that the lord of Albret and his goods were bound to him through an obligation in the sum of 2220 gold fr. as proven by a public instrument, and he should have had payment of this sum on a house called the house of Tartas and the other goods that Albret had at Bordeaux and around before his rebellion. ² But he was not able to be paid on these goods because they had been given by the king to Sir Veer Aubrey de Vere as goods of a rebel and are at present owned by him, but as Alem has expended the little he had in order to get repaid from them, he has requested Gaunt to allow him to make agreement with Vere by purchace or another way on the rights he has on these goods because of the loan he granted to Albret. Gaunt orders to the seneschal of Guyenne, the mayor of Bordeaux , the constable of Bordeaux, the Lombrere prévôt of the Ombrière and all the other justices, and officers of his duchy of Guyenne have to accept the agreement that will be made between Alem and Vere, and after this latter death to deliver this house and goods to Alem or his proctor, and permit him to enjoy them during his lifetime and make him have the profits and revenues of these goods in forcing their tenants [to pay] if needed according to the country law and custom.

Inspeximus of other letters patent of John [of Gaunt], duke of Guyenne, to the same:

23 May 1391 . Loundres London .

Order to Gaunt's seneschals, judges, bailiffs, prévôts, officers in his duchy and lordship of Guyenne, as Bernat d'Alem also known as Bernat Doat, esquire , supplicated Gaunt as several debts are owed to him in the duchy and lordship of Aquitaine, these debts being greatly in arrears to his great damage, and requested him to bring him remedy about it, to quickly make paid all the debts they will find are due to Alem by letters, instruments, obligations or evidences, forcing the debtors by any means they could find by seizure of their bodies and goods according to the law, fors and customs of the duchy of Guyenne. Gaunt gives them full power and special mandate to do it. Gaunt orders to all his prévôts, bailiffs, serjeants and officers of the [duchy of Aquitaine] to obey and be attendant to them in this matter.

The king accepts, approves and ratifies the same, and grants and confirms the tenor of the presents to Bernat, just as the letters attest.

By p.s.

1.: Edward of Woodstock
2.: In 1369.