The Gascon Rolls Project

C 61/117

Gascon Roll for the 4th to 6th years of the reign of Henry V

Selectionnez une membrane

Physical condition of the roll

The roll consists of nineteen membranes. There are entries on all of the face sides, but on none of the dorses. The roll is generally in good condition.

C 61/117, 4, 5 and 6 Henry V (1416-1419) .

Introduction.

This roll, spanning three regnal years of Henry V (1416-19), contains, like those which precede it, several confirmations of acts issued by Henry IV ¹ for licences to transport wheat from England to the duchy, ² the most noteworthy being the two licences granted to the community of Bordeaux permitting the purchase of wheat in Ireland and Wales. ³ As previously too, the king sent a representative (here Thomas Bolthorp) to choose wine of Gascony at Bordeaux and elsewhere in the duchy and to negotiate the price with local merchants, in order to supply the king’s household. ⁴

However, some entries give us more unusual information. We learn for example that Henry V had ordered the building at Bayonne of a warship called the ‘Dieu la garde’, this request being reflective of the kings intention to build up a navy in support of his campaigns in France. In order to fund this shipbuilding, he granted to the community of Bayonne in August 1417 the right to levy 4 d. per pound for a four-year period on goods passing through their city. Bonifaci de Laduch, a prominent burgess of Bayonne and future mayor of this city (1426-7), was head of the shipyard at Bayonne and had already begun the building of this ship. Henry V entrusted Laduch with the requisitioning of carpenters and craftsmen in order to speed up the building, but this appeared to be in vain: the ship was still not finished in May 1419. ⁵ Another entry deals with a fraudulent sale of English-produced iron by Bayonnais merchants acting as intermediaries for a Spanish merchant. Henry V appointed Bayonnais proctors to investigate this case. ⁶

Military matters are not often recorded in the Gascon Rolls, but we learn that in December 1416, a troop led by the lord of Saint-Pée, one of the main lords of Labourd, and Menauton de Sainte-Marie (from Bayonne) was to be led to England along with two masters of Saint-Sever who were capable of building siege engines. These engines were intended to be employed in Henry V's second invasion of France which he launched in August 1417. This, along with the order to build a ship for the king's navy, reminds us that although Henry's campaigns focused on the north of France the Gascons were also engaged his his plans. ⁷ Diplomatic exchanges between England and Navarre, perhaps linked to Henry's war plans, are demonstrated by the Navarrese diplomatic mission led by a secretary of the king of Navarre which passed through Bayonne. ⁸

Several entries deal with the succession to the powerful lordship of Lesparre where Johana d’Armagnac, widow of the late lord, was opposed to Bernat de Lesparre, lord of Labarde. ⁹ The king wanted to avoid this strategic lordship, situated on the Gironde estuary, being directly owned by the niece of the current constable of France (Bernat VII d’Armagnac), so he managed to buy it in order to control it (1417). ¹⁰ The lord of Labarde (in Médoc) was compensated by authorizing him to annex several parishes to his eponymous lordship in Périgord. ¹¹ We learn in this entry that the Périgourdin bastide of Roquepine had been abandoned. Several other entries concern confirmations of grants in favour of Auger de Montaut, lord of Mussidan, the grand-father of Maria de Montaut, wife of Johan, lord of Gramont, particularly the grant of the town of Blaye (a grant which dated back to 1357), a location which was also situated on the Gironde estuary. ¹² Gaston de Foix, captal de Buch, another great Gascon noble who was to participate in Henry's campaigns in Normandy and be granted there the county of Longueville, also received various favours from the king. ¹³

Guilhem Peytabin, a burgess of Bordeaux, who had been an envoy of this city to Henry IV between 1404 and 1413, was rewarded with the writing office of the court of Gascony and obtained letters of protection. ¹⁴ It is also interesting to note an entry on a feudal payment of a sore goshawk to the king. ¹⁵

Guilhem Pépin.

1.: See for instance the entries entry 5 , entry 29 .
2.: See for instance entry 22 .
3.: See entries entry 3 , entry 28 .
4.: See entries entry 81 , entry 82 .
5.: See entries entry 57 , entry 59 , entry 60 .
6.: See entry entry 94 .
7.: See entries entry 30 , entry 31 .
8.: See entry entry 8 , .
9.: See entries entry 13 , entry 14 , entry 15 , entry 16 , entry 17 , entry 18 , entry 19 , entry 21 .
10.: See entry entry 46 .
11.: See entry entry 70 , .
12.: See entries entry 27 , entry 34 , entry 35 , entry 36 , entry 37 , entry 38 , entry 39 .
13.: See entries entry 1 , entry 43 .
14.: See entries entry 52 , entry 80 .
15.: See entry entry 25 .

Membrane 19

Image of membrane 19

For Gaston de Foix.

10 April 1416 . Westminster . ¹

Grant for life to Gaston de Foix, Buchs captal de Buch , at his request, of the baylies and tolls of Mios , Mixta Mixte , Aulas Le Las , the baylie and coast of Porge de Buch , the Sales prévôté of Salles and the bridge and meadow of Salaunes , previously granted for life by Richard II to Dorinha Ramon d'Origne of the city of Bordeaux and returned into the king's hands by Origne's death, ² with all their profits and emoluments to the yearly value of 10 l. , answering for the surplus to the exchequer of Bordeaux , notwithstanding any reduction in the rents or grants made by the constable of Bordeaux or the king's council [in Bordeaux] .

By K.

1.: Extractus is written in the margin.
2.: Richard II granted these to Ramon d'Origne on 19 April 1399 and this grant has been confirmed by Henry IV on 15 June 1401, see entry in C 61/108 .

2: Same as above

Order to the king's lieutenant in Aquitaine , the constable of Bordeaux and the seneschal of the Landes to deliver these baylies and tolls to Gaston de Foix, Buchs captal de Buch according to the king's letters.

3

20 May 1416 . Westminster . Concerning licence to transport wheat .

Order to king's lieutenant in Ireland , all his officers there and all the admirals, etc. to permit the merchants or deputies of the mayor, jurats, councillors and community of the city of Bordeaux to buy wheat wherever they want in Hibernia Ireland for the supplying of Bordeaux and the adjacent regions, and export it to Bordeaux on two ships, one called la Katerine of Bordeaux , the master of which is Pernauton de Magno , ¹ and another called le Seint Espirit of Bordeaux, the master of which Johan Choys , paying due customs, as the city was granted such licence.

By K.

1.: Possibly a 'Pernauton de Gran ( Magnus in Latin)'.

4

1 June 1416 . Westminster . Concerning confirmation .

Inspeximus and confirmation of letters patent of Thomas [Beaufort], Dorcestria earl of Dorset , admiral of England , Aquitaine and Ireland:

6 December 1413 . Bordeaux .

Grant for life, with the advice of the king's council in Bordeaux , to Podio, de Bernat Dupuch, esquire , for his good service to Beaufort and in the wars of Henry IV, of all the hereditary lands and possessions formerly seized into the king's hand in Burdeloys Bordelais because of the rebellion of Gotz Ramon-Guilhem [de] Got, Castet Endorte lord of Castets-en-Dorthe , which Henry IV had formerly granted for life to the late Ayrally Johan Ayral, esquire , ¹ to the yearly value of 6 l.st. of the money of England. Beaufort orders the constable of Bordeaux to deliver them to Dupuch or his attorney and permit him to enjoy them. ²

By payment of 2 m. to the hanaper.

1.: On 24 February 1404, see entry in C 61/109 .
2.: This act is published in Archives Historiques de la Gironde (AHG), 16, pp. 19-20.

5

1 June 1416 . Westminster . Concerning confirmation .

Inspeximus and confirmation of letters patent of Henry IV :

11 April 1400 . Westminster .

Inspeximus and confirmation of letters patent of John of Gaunt:

15 October 1395 . Bordeaux .

Grant by John of Gaunt, Guyene duke of Guyenne and Lancastre Lancaster , to Johan Guibon, hospitaller of the hospital of Saint-André in the city of Bordeaux , and his successors, at Guibon's request, for the assistance of the poor of this hospital, to be exempted to pay any custom or issac at the castle of Bordeaux on 20 tuns coming from the hospital's vineyards. Gaunt orders his constable of Bordeaux to permit Guibon and his successors to enjoy this peacefully without impediment. ¹

By payment of 2 m. to the hanaper.

1.: Same confirmation in entry in C 61/107 , entry in C 61/120 .

6

25 June 1416 . Westminster . For the prior and brothers of the hospital Saint-Julien of Bordeaux .

Inspeximus and confirmation, by inspection of the chancery rolls, of the letters patent of Edward I , king of England, at the request of the prior and brothers of Saint-Julien:

1 June 1289 . Cundat Condat .

Grant to the prior and brothers of the hospital Saint-Julien of Bordeaux ¹ that the wine coming from the hospital's vineyards being within the banlieue of Bordeaux be free of customs, save for the custom of Royanum Royan . The king orders the constable of Bordeaux, the controller of Bordeaux and other persons receiving these customs to permit them to have these wines free of customs excepting the custom of Royan. ²

1.: The hospital Saint-Julien ('Sent Julian' in Gascon) created c.1230 was situated in Bordeaux in the current 'Place de la Victoire' near the gate Saint-Julien. See Drouyn, L., Bordeaux vers 1450 (Bordeaux, 1874), p. 369-70; Bériac F., 'L'hôpital Saint-Julien de Bordeaux', Revue historique de Bordeaux et du département de la Gironde , (1975), pp. 47-74.
2.: Same act in entry .

Membrane 18

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7

28 June 1416 . Westminster . For the mayor, jurats and community of Bordeaux .

Grant at the king's pleasure to the mayor, jurats and community of Bordeaux of a tax on all goods entering or passing through Bordeaux brought by foreigners ( extranei ), ¹ namely 12 d. per pound for the king's rebels and 6 d. for foreigners in the king's allegiance, excepting victuals for the supply of Bordeaux, and with the proviso that this tax is spent on rebuilding the city wall, which is in bad condition.

1.: People who are not citizens of Bordeaux.

8

26 June 1416 . Westminster . For a balenier etc. keepership .

Order to the mayor, échevins, jurats, prévots and the other king's officers of the city of Baiona Bayonne to keep safely the the balenier called Seint Piere and to deliver it without delay to Master García [de Falces] , ¹ secretary of the Navarra king of Navarre , ² , as soon as he will be back from Navarre , as he has to sail to England in this balenier to meet the king.

1.: García de Falces (d. 1434) was royal secretary of the king of Navarre from 1412.
2.: Carlos III , king of Navarre (1387-1425).

Concerning general attorneys.

10: 19 July 1416 . Westminster .

Letters of attorney in England for one year for William Clifford, kt , who is staying overseas by the king's licence, nominating William Brampton, clerk , and Thomas Derham , alternately.

John Wakering, clerk , received these attorneys until Clifford's return to England.

11: Same as above

Similar letters of attorney for William Clifford nominating John Stone, clerk and Roger Salvayn, esquire , alternatively.

John Wakering, clerk , received these attorneys until Clifford's return to England.

12: 16 July 1416 . Westminster . Concerning protection .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , granted for one year to William Clifford, kt , constable of Bordeaux , who is staying in the duchy of Aquitaine to exercise this office.

By p.s.

For the lord of Labarde.

15 August 1416 . Westminster .

Order to Tiptot John Tiptoft, kt , seneschal of the duchy of Aquitaine , William Clifford, kt , constable of Bordeaux , Ryver Pey Ribère, doctor of laws , judge of the superior [court of Aquitaine] , and Dasta Bertran d'Aste, doctor in canon law , judge of Gascony , that, having seen the wills of Florimont [de Lesparre] and Guilhem-Amaniu [de Madaillan] , the last lords of Lesparre , along with all the records pertaining to these wills, to do full justice summarily and according to the local fors and customs, any appeal being dismissed, in the dispute between Bernat de Lesparre, kt , la Bard' lord of Labarde and Lady Darmenhac Johana d'Armagnac , widow of Guilhem-Amaniu, and her daughter Agnès , and if Johana and her daughter refused to deliver these wills, to compel them and their supporters( adjutores et fautores ) to do so without delay by any expedient and lawful means. ¹

By K.

1.: See the related document TNA, SC 8/302/15 052.

Same as above

Order to the Castilhon lord of Castillon , ¹ to do his best to show the wills, registers and other evidences of Florimont [de Lesparre] and Guilhem-Amaniu [de Madaillan] , to the seneschal of Aquitaine, the constable of Bordeaux, Ryver Pey Ribère, doctor of laws , judge of the superior [cour of Aquitaine] , and Dasta Bertran d'Aste, doctor in canon law , judge of Gascony , which records are possession of Darmenhac Johana d'Armagnac and her daughter Agnès own, without helping Johna and Agnès if they do not to obey.

1.: Pons VII de Castillon .

15: Same as above

Order to Johana d'Armagnac and her daughter Agnès to show the wills etc. of Florimont [de Lesparre] and Guilhem-Amaniu [de Madaillan] they have in their keeping to the seneschal of Aquitaine etc. as above, and deliver them without delay to these latter, in order that they might do full speedy justice according to the local fors and customs.

16: Same as above

Same order as above [to the lord of Castillon] to all the Lesparra ecclesiastical men, commoners and all the communities of the barony of Lesparre .

17: Same as above

Same order as above [to the lord of Castillon] to the barons of Aquitaine .

18: Same as above

Same order as above [to the lord of Castillon] to the mayor and jurats of the community of Bordeaux .

Same as above

Same order as above [to the lord of Castillon] to the archbishop of Bordeaux . ¹

1.: David de Montferrand , archbishop of Bordeaux (1413-1430). See Lainé, F., Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae , 13, Diocese of Bordeaux (Turnhout, 2012), p.199-202, no. 308.

20: 28 August 1416 . Cantuar' Canterbury . Concerning the judicial complaint shown by [Bidonat de] Sault .

Order under the great seal to the seneschal [of Aquitaine], the judge of Gascony , the king's councillors [in Bordeaux] , the procurator fiscal in Bordeaux , to do full justice to Vidonatus, Saltu Bidonat de Sault, damoiseau , in all the diputes he has with Roquiers Johan de Rouqueys and Cantelupo, de Monot de Canteloup , according to the local fors and customs.

By K.

21

Same as above Concerning the sealed will. Labarde .

Order to the seneschal of Aquitaine, the constable of Bordeaux, the judge of Gascony , the councillors and the procurator fiscal to seal with the seneschal's seal and the seal of the Lesparra lady of Lesparre ¹ the will of the late Guilhem-Amaniu [de Madaillan], kt , lord of Lesparre , which the lady of Lesparre and her daughter were ordered to show, and the will of Florimont, lord of Lesparre , so that no one may open them until the king's sentence, and if anyone has seen this will beforehand, he is to swear not to publish it

By K.

1.: Johana d'Armagnac .

22

15 September 1416 . Westminster . Concerning licence to transport wheat . ¹

Licence granted at his request to Crumwell Ralph Cromwell, kt , to buy 20 quarters of wheat and 20 quarters of peas, by himself or his servants, and export from the port of London to the city of Bordeaux for the supply of the latter, certifying the the king's chancery under the seal of the mayor and jurats of Bordeaux before 25 December 1416, to have unloaded the wheat in Bordeaux, under penalty of the value of this freight. Order to all the admirals etc. to permit Cromwell to export without impediment this wheat and peas to Bordeaux, paying the due customs.

By the keeper.

1.: Extractus is written in the margin. Extractrus usque huc is written in the margin at the end of this entry.

23: 19 October 1416 . Westminster . Concerning protection .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , granted for one year to John St John, kt , mayor of the city of Bordeaux , alias John St John of Funmon Fonmon in Wall' Wales , kt , who is in the king's service in the keepership of Bordeaux.

By p.s.

Membrane 17

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24

29 November 1416 . Westminster . Concerning confirmation for the mayor, jurats and community of the city of Bordeaux .

Inspeximus and confirmation of letters patent of Henry IV :

11 February 1401 . Westminster .

Inspeximus and confirmation, by inspection of the Chancery rolls, of the letters of Edward III : ¹

18 May 1335 . Westminster .

Grant in perpetuity to the mayor, jurats and city of Bordeaux to remained annexed to the crown of England and not to be granted to anybody else except to the king's eldest son and heir.

Inspeximus and confirmation, by inspection of the Chancery rolls, of the letters of Edward III :

1 July 1342 . Westminster .

Grant, and restoration, to the mayor, jurats and city of Bordeaux of the high and low, and the full and shared justice over the banlieue ( banleuca ), except the justice belonging to the heirs of Alicia, Blavia Alaïtz de Blaye, Ornun lady of Ornon , the seneschal of Gascony having to do justice to the city and to these heirs; the justice granted by the king to Bradston Thomas de Bradstone on a part of the banlieue situated in Entre-deux-Mers ² has to be returned to the city after its appraisal by the seneschal of Gascony and after due agreement between Bradstone and the city, the mayor, jurats and community of Bordeaux having petitioned the king about their rights in the banlieue , since most of it had been granted by the kings to various men, and to return to them their justice. And as the seneschal and constable had sent to the king information about the value and boundaries of the banlieue , these boundaries are as follows, in accordance with the boundary stones: ³ from the town and its suburbs to the mouth of the Jalle[-de-Blanquefort] on the Girunda Garonne and going up the Jalle to the Old Jalle ( Jala Vetus ) and from there to the mill of Begayressa , and from there to Jalapont Jallepont , and from Jallepont to the place of Magudans Magudas , and from Magudas to lo pas de las vaquas , ⁴ and from there to the cross of Beutras Beutre , and from there to the boundaries of the district ( justiciatus ) of Bogium Buch and to the boundaries of the district of Belinum Belin up to the place of Laguabat , and from Belin to the boundaries of the parish of Leunhanum Léognan , and from this parish following the river called Eau Blanche ( aqua [...] la Glauqua ) down to the mouth of the stream ( esterium ) of Correyanum Courréjean to Bordeaux to the mouth of the stream of Lormont, and from this latter stream to the small hill ( podium parvum ) near the church of Lormont and the high point ( podium magnum ) near Galhart de Lormont's house following the road going at the cross of the sauveté of Lormont and to a wood called la Ramada la Ramade , and afterwards, the road going to Artiguas Artigues to the pear tree ( pererius ) which is at the end of the road at the place called la Loubeyre and from this pear tree to the spring of Montz , and from this spring to the elms of Sancta Gema , and from there to the pear tree of la Palha de Podio which is above Artigues, and from there to the spring of Margarida , and from there to the bridge of Cayron Queyron , and from there to the hill deus Merlers , and from there to Audiard Torta , and from there to the forcada Fourcade of Gimilham , ⁵ and from there to the fourcade of Vilhalonga until this road reaches the high road situated between the marsh and the hillside down to the stream of Trena Latresne , and from this stream to the stream of Courréjean, as well as all the Garonne river situated within these boundaries and all this river between the latter two streams. ⁶

Inspeximus and confirmation, by inspection of the Chancery rolls, of the letters of Edward III :

14 November 1351 . Westminster .

Order, at the request of the merchants of Aquitaine , to the receiver of new and ancient customs in England not to disturb them or to tax their goods when they sail through an English port to Flanders or elsewhere, and to Aquitaine, even after trans-shipment. ⁷

Inspeximus and confirmation, by inspection of the Chancery rolls, of the letters of Edward III :

20 October 1354 . Westminster .

Order, at the petition of the Caudiranum men of Caudéran , to the dean and chapter of Saint-Seurin not to judge any civil lawsuit between themselves and the men of Caudéran , Buscat Le Bouscat and Villa Nova Villenave[-d'Ornon] , but to let the mayor and jurats of Bordeaux , judge these cases and to release the men imprisoned if they have given due pledges, and not to arrest them or to put them in irons. ⁸

Inspeximus and confirmation, by inspection of the Chancery rolls, of the letters of Edward III :

1 November 1354 . Westminster .

Order to the lord of Ornon , at the petition of the men of the Comtau of Ornon and of the lordship of Camparian , not to force them to do any work, since they did nto have to do any except for the maintenance of the walls, moats and bridges of Bordeaux when necessary, and nowhere else; to let them follow the court which sits in Camparian and nowhere else in the Comtau, ⁹ and to enjoy their pasture rights in the forest. And if anyone accuses one of the men of Ornon, he has to be fined with 6.5 l. , half for the lord of Ornon and half for the other party. The lord of Ornon cannot retain anybody's corpse after murder or accident, but has to release it for Christian burial to his friends and family without ransom. He has not to keep in jail nor put in irons anyone because of a civil lawsuit, if a pledge has been given, on pain of forfeiture of his justice and lordship. ¹⁰

Inspeximus and confirmation, by inspection of the Chancery rolls, of the letters of Richard II :

28 September 1379 . Westminster .

Grant in perpetuity to the merchants of Bordeaux not to be disturbed or to have to pay tax for their goods when they sail through English ports, even in case of trans-shipment. ¹¹

Inspeximus and confirmation, by inspection of the Chancery rolls, of the letters of Richard II :

16 June 1387 . Westminster .

The same for goods loaded in Seland' Zeeland , Holand' Holland , Cales Calais and other ports in allied countries.

Inspeximus , by inspection of the chancery rolls of Richard II , of this latter's letters patent:

12 June 1388 . Westminster .

Inspeximus and confirmation of the letters of Edward I:

13 August 1302 . Westminster

Privileges for merchant vintners of the duchy at their request:

Safe-conduct everywhere in England or anywhere in the king's lordship, along with licence for wholesale trade with Englishmen ( indigene seu incole ejusdem regni ) and foreigners ( alienigene extranei ), for goods brought in or out of the king's lordship, paying customs, except for wine brought from Aquitaine which they cannot carry out of England without special royal licence.
Licence to dwell where they wish with their goods.
Validation of contracts between these merchants and anybody else, as soon as God's penny has been paid, evidence being provided in case of dispute according to the customs of the fair or town where the contract was made
Release of the right of ancient prise ( prisa antiqua ) of each 2 tuns of wine unloaded in England or in the king's lordship for each ship, and of any other increase, without paying the market price.
For each tun of wine gauged, the seller has to pay for what is missing and the buyer for any surplus, at the price at which the wine was sold.
On the arrival of new vintage in each town of England and of the king's lorsdhip, a sworn commission of vintners from the duchy and of good men of this town has to test the stock of old wine and if it has deteriorated, they have to destroy it.
The seller and the buyer each have to pay one half penny for every gauged tun.
The officers of fairs in merchant towns have to do speedy justice to the vintners according to merchant law, the king punishing any default to do so.
Except for crimes punishable by death, inquiries for lawsuits involving vintners of the duchy will be made by a mixed commission of such vintners, if they are numerous enough, and of good men of town.
No other tax or exaction has to be requested for this wine.
Grant in perpetuity to vintners of the duchy alone not to be prejudiced by any further grant, the vintners of the duchy paying to the king 2 s. for each tun of wine paying freightage, within 40 days after the first unloading of this wine in the king's lordship, in addition to ancient customs.

¹²

Witnesses: W[alter Langton], Coventr', Lich' bishop of Coventry and Lichfield , ¹³ John de Warenne, Surr' earl of Surrey , le Bygod Roger Bigod, Norff' earl of Norfolk , marshal of England , Britannia John de Brittany , Hugh le Despenser , Brewes William de Braose , Bello Campo Walter de Beauchamp, senescallus steward of the royal household , Roger le Brabazon , John de Merle and others. ¹⁴

Inspeximus , by inspection of the chancery rolls of Edward III, of this latter's letters patent:

4 June 1342 . Westminster .

Grant to the mayor, jurats and community of Bordeaux never to be separated from the crown of England, saving the king's heir, even if the king takes possession of the kingdom of France.

Inspeximus , by inspection of the chancery rolls of Edward III, of this latter's letters patent:

4 June 1342 . Westminster .

Grant to the mayor, jurats and community of Bordeaux never to be separated from the crown of England, saving the king's heir, even if the king takes possession of the kingdom of France.

¹⁵

Inspeximus of some letters patent of Henry IV:

11 February 1411 . Westminster .

Grant to the mayor, jurats and community of the city of Bordeaux to enjoy forever without impediment from the king's officers all the privileges and liberties which had been granted to them by the charters of the king's ancestors and predecessors.

Inspeximus of some letters patent of Henry IV enrolled in the chancery rolls:

21 April 1401 . Westminster .

Confirmation of the privilege that no harbour is allowed on either side of the river Gironde ¹⁶ between the stream ( ester ) ¹⁷ Crebatz Crebat ¹⁸ and Castillon , as the letters of the king’s predecessors on this had been lost and as no wine had to be unloaded there, and grant in perpetuity to the mayor and jurats of the padouens in the city and in the banlieue with power to allow building and to grant these padouens in fee, with the proviso that men-at-arms and crossbowmen may still walk or ride between the padouens and the city walls, the town paying one mark sterling per annum. At the town's request, and as the king has already confirmed that any movable goods put in auction in Bordeaux by the king’s or any others’ executors, or by order of any ecclesiastical or lay judge, would be sold by the town auctioneer, and to grant that the town council have cognisance of prostitutes in the town. Witnessed by Thomas [Arundel], Cantuar archbishop of Canterbury , primate of all England ; ¹⁹ R[ichard le Scrope] Ebor’ archbishop of York , primate of England ; ²⁰ R[obert Braybrooke], London bishop of London ; ²¹ W[illiam of Wykeham], Wynton’ bishop of Winchester ; ²² H[enry Beaufort], bishop of Lincoln ; ²³ E[dmund Stafford], Exon’ bishop of Exeter , 24 chancellor ; Edmund [of Langley], Ebor’ duke of York , the king’s uncle; Henry de Percy, Northumbr earl of Northumberland , constable of England ; Nevyll Ralph de Neville, marshall of England ; John [Beaufort], Somers’ earl of Somerset , the king’s brother and chamberlain ; Thomas [Percy], Wygorn’ earl of Worcester , steward of the Household ; John Norbury, treasurer ; de Hamelak William de Roos of Helmsley ; Reginald Grey de Ruthyn ; Willughby William Willoughby ; ²⁵ Master Richard Clifford, keeper of the privy seal . ²⁶

Inspeximus of letters patent of Henry IV:

21 April 1401 . Westminster .

Grant, at their request, to the governor, jurats and council of the city of Bordeaux :

to appoint and remove any money-changers, except one or two appointed by the king or his heirs;
privilege for the citizens of Bordeaux alone to retail wine ( facere tabernam ) in the city, except between Michaelmas and Whitsuntide, when every baron or inhabitant is allowed to sell his own wine;
and privilege for the town council not to account with the king for any money taken or spent and for which they had to account previously;

without prejudice to any past or future privileges granted or to be granted by kings. ²⁷

By p.s.

1.: See the Livre des Bouillons , Archives Municipales de Bordeaux, (Bordeaux, 1867), pp. 318-20.
2.: On the right bank of the Garonne.
3.: All these boundaries were specified - and probably invented - in the charter of King Philip IV of France (10 September 1294). See Livre des Bouillons , Archives Municipales de Bordeaux (Bordeaux, 1867), pp. 25-8.
4.: Literally " Cows Ford". Probably the Pas Bougès (meaning the "ford of the Pays de Buch", i.e. the ford at the borders with the lordship of Buch). in the commune of Saint-Jean-d'Illac .
5.: A 'fourcade' meant in Gascon a wood or grove of oaks.
6.: See commentaries of this text in Bochaca, M., La banlieue de Bordeaux. Formation d'une juridiction municipale (vers 1250 - vers 1550) (Paris, 1997), p. 88-9. See this text in the Livre des Bouillons (Bordeaux, 1867), pp. 321-37 and 407-10; and Livre des Coutumes , Archives Municipales de Bordeaux (Bordeaux, 1890), pp. 549-54.
7.: See the Livre des Bouillons (Bordeaux, 1867), pp. 133-4 and 326-7.
8.: See the Livre des Bouillons (Bordeaux, 1867), pp. 327-8.
9.: The men of the Comtau of Ornon (or prévôté of Camparian) complained there that the lord of Ornon (based at Gradignan) held the court of the Comtau in his castle of Ornon (in com. Gradignan) and not at Camparian, the seat of the Comtau d'Ornon (also known as 'prévôté of Camparian'). Alaïtz de Blaye, lady of Ornon , had obtained the prévôté de Camparian in 1319 in exchange for the lordship of Blaye. See entry in C 61/33 .
10.: See this act published in the Livre des Bouillons (Bordeaux, 1867), pp. 328-30.
11.: See this act published in the Livre des Bouillons (Bordeaux, 1867), pp. 207-8.
12.: See Unwin, T., Wine and the vine (London - New York, 1996), p. 192 and Gras, N. S. B., 'The Origin of the National Customs-Revenue of England', The Quarterly Journal of Economics , 27 (1912), pp. 134-137.
13.: From 1296 to 1321.
14.: See the Livre des Bouillons , Archives Municipales de Bordeaux (Bordeaux, 1867), pp. 160-4, 198-206, 332-6 and 338-42.
15.: This confirmation is in entry in C 61/108 until there.
16.: This means here the river Garonne.
17.: The Gascon word estey means stream.
18.: This stream was situated north of Bordeaux outside the walls in the current "rue Poyenne".
19.: Archbishop of Canterbury (1396-1414).
20.: Archbishop of York (1398-1405).
21.: Bishop of London (1381-1404).
22.: Bishop of Winchester (1366-1404).
23.: Bishop of Lincoln (1398-1404).
24.: Bishop of Exeter (1395-1414).
25.: 5th Baron Willoughby de Eresby (d. 1409).
26.: Keeper of the privy seal from 1397 to 1401. This act is published in the Livre des Bouillons (Bordeaux, 1867), pp. 306-8. This act was confirmed by Henry IV in entry in C 61/108 .
27.: This act was confirmed by Henry IV in entry in C 61/108 .

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25

26 November 1416 . Westminster . For Amaniu Béguey . ¹

Grant to Veguier Amaniu Béguey, kt , citizen of the city of Bordeaux , to render a sore goshawk or 8 l.b. according to his choice, at the change ( mutatio ) of lord or vassal, as he had to pay each year for a land next to Bordeaux , held from the king by homage and service, according to letters patent enrolled in the chancery rolls, a sore sparrowhawk ² each year, and according to the 'Black Book' kept at the castle of Bordeaux a sore goshawk. ³

By p.s.

1.: Extractus is written in the margin.
2.: A sparrowhawk in its first year of life which has still its red 'sorel' plummage.
3.: There were two 'Black Books' ( Livres noirs ) covered with black leather that were kept in the archives of the constables of Bordeaux within the castle of Bordeaux. They were destroyed in the fire of the 'Chambre des Comptes' of Paris in 1737. One of them (Liber ff) has been reconstituted by J.-P. Trabut-Cussac: Le Livre des hommages d'Aquitaine. Restitution du second Livre noir de la connétablie de Bordeaux. Liber ff rouge de la Chambre des Comptes de Paris , ed. J.-P. Trabut-Cussac (Bordeaux, 1959). The other one was the 'old' Black Book (Liber H) originally predating 1294. Trabut-Cussac reconstituted it, but not published it. A typescript of it is kept at the Archives Départementales de la Gironde, Bordeaux, 95 J 13. This entry refers to an act in one of these books deriving from the feudal inquiry of 1273-4 known as Recogniciones Feodorum in Aquitania : see Recueil d'actes relatifs à l'administration des rois d'Angleterre en Guyenne au XIIIe siècle (Recogniciones Feodorum in Aquitania) , ed. C. Bémont (Bordeaux, 1914), no. 8, 35, 178, 561, 645, 648 and 683. Book downloadable at: https://archive.org/details/recueildactesrel34bmuoft

26

26 November 1416 . Westminster . For Guiraut de Cénac . ¹

Grant for life to Tenat Guiraut de Cénac, esquire of the duchy of Aquitaine, of the Seint Foy baylie of the town of Sainte-Foy[-la-Grande] in the region of Dagenoys Agenais , this town and power being now in the obedience of the adversary of France, ² with all its profits and emoluments to the yearly value of 20 l.st. , paying the surplus to the king's exchequer in the castle of Bordeaux .

By p.s.

1.: Extractus is written in the margin.
2.: Charles VI king of France (1380-1422).

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26 November 1416 . Westminster . Concerning confirmation to [Johan de] Gramont .

Inspeximus and confirmation of letters patent of Edward III :

30 December 1357 . Westminster .

Inspeximus and confirmation of letters patent of Edward [of Woodstock], prince of Wales :

10 April 1356 . Bordeaux .

Grant to Auger [de Montaut], Muyssidanum lord of Mussidan of a yearly sum of 1,000 gold crowns on the castle and castellany of Blaye with its appurtenances, to be held by him and his heirs, until a sufficient place be allocated to him with an annual revenue of 1,000 l. of good money, accounting one sterling for five good Bordeaux pennies, with the same high and low, full and shared justice, homages and other things similar to those pertaining to the castle of Gensac, and for such allocation Montaut would have to return also the offices of gauger of the castle of Bordeaux, of keeper ( turragium ) of the tower and the gate of the castle of Bordeaux and the great custom on 600 tuns of wine each year, as Montaut obeyed the prince's order and surrendered the Blanquafortis castle of Blanquefort , forfeited in the king's hands by the rebellion of Durefort Galhart [I] de Durfort and thereafter granted to Montaut for his good service, when Durfort came back to the prince allegiance; and as Montaut was granted Blanquefort in compensation for the the Genssacum castle of Gensac he had to surrender to to Bernat-Etz [V], la Breto lord of Albret .

Inspeximus of letters patent of Edward III under his seal on green wax:

21 March 1354 . Westminster .

Grant to Auger [de Montaut], lord of Mussidan for his service during the wars in Aquitaine and for the liege homage he paid to the king, of the Blanquafortis castle of Blanquefort that went in the king's hands by the rebellion of Durefort Galhart [I] de Durfort who joined the adversary of France, ¹ to be held by Montaut and his heirs, and the king grants him all the profits and emoluments, with high and low, full and shared justice and the homages and other things pertaining to this castle until Montaut obtains a suitable place with an annual value of 1,000 gold crowns of good weight with the same high and low, full and shared justice and the homages and other things as those pertaining to the Genssacum castle of Gensac , a castle Auger helds now and has promised to return without delay to Bernat-Etz [V], la Breto lord of Albret , or the seneschal of Gascony, any grant or allocation of the castle of Blanquefort to Galhart de Durfort or the lord of Albret notwithstanding. The king promises to Montaut to give him a suitable place with an annual revenue of 1,000 gold crowns of good weight with the same high and low, full and shared justice, the homages and other things similar at those pertaining to the castle of Gensac, if the king had to return Blanquefort in his hands because of a peace with his adversary of France or another reason. ²

By p.s.

12 May 1358 . Westminster .

Inspeximus and confirmation of the letters of Edward [of Woodstock], prince of Wales:

31 March 1357 . Bordeaux .

Grant to Auger [de Montaut], Muyssidanum lord of Mussidan , of the place of Aubatera Aubeterre with high and low, full and shared justice, all jurisdictions, all its rights, homages, parishes, duties and other appurtenances, to be held by him and his heirs, any other grant of Edward III made to the contrary notwithstanding, saving the resort, homages and other king's rights. The prince orders the constable of Bordeaux to deliver Aubeterre to Montaut.

Inspeximus and confirmation, by inspection of the chancery rolls, of these letters patent of Henry IV :

12 January 1410 . Manor of Eltham .

Grant to Johan de Gramont and Maria de Montaut of all the goods and lands owned by rebels in their lands and castellany of Blaye or in their other lands in whatever jurisdiction and obedience. Maria de Montaut, Mussiden' lady of Mussidan and Blaye , wife of Johan [de Gramont], lord of Gramont and Cama Came , has been disinherited of the towns, castles and castellanies of Mussidan and Pelgrue Pellegrue since the death of her father. ³

Inspeximus and confirmation, by inspection of the chancery rolls, of these letters patent of Henry IV :

12 January 1410 . Manor of Eltham .

Grant to Maria de Montaut and Johan de Gramont to receive each year at the castle of Bordeaux 600 crowns from the wine coming from the town and castellany of Blaye , and if this wine is not sufficient, then the constable of Bordeaux has to pay the remainder from the first wine customed at the castle of Bordeaux according to the form of the first allowance granted to them. The ancestors of the king had granted to the predecessors of Maria de Montaut, Mussyden' lady of Mussidan and Blaye , wife of Johan [de Gramont], lord of Gramont and Cama Came , the great custom on 600 tons of wine from the first wine customed each year at the castle of Bordeaux from the great custom [of Bordeaux], which annuity is worth 600 ancient golden crowns ( sexcentos scutos veteres attingentes ). ⁴

The current king ⁵ confirms all these letters by these presents, saving the king's right.

By p.s. and payment of 10 m. to the hanaper.

1.: King John II .
2.: The original entry is to be found in entry in C 61/66 .
3.: Ramon II de Montaut (d. 1406). Same entry as entry in C 61/113 .
4.: Same entry as entry in C 61/113 .
5.: Henry V.

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28: 24 December 1416 . Westminster . Concerning supplying of wheat .

Order to all the admirals etc. to permit the mayor and jurats of the city of Bordeaux to buy through attorneys 1,000 quarters of wheat in the regions of Wall' Wales or Ibernia Ireland and export them to Bordeaux for its supply, paying due customs, as they were granted such licence, any order to the contrary notwithstanding, with the proviso that they do not bring this wheat to regions of the king's enemies.

By K. and C.

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5 November 1416 . Westminster . Concerning confirmation .

Inspeximus and confirmation of the letters patent of Henry IV :

8 May 1410 . Bordeaux .

Appointment for life of Vinham Pascalot de Vignau , servant of the Montferrant lord of Montferrand , ¹ to the office of serjeant-at-arms for the whole duchy of Aquitaine with the customary wages to be received from the constable of Bordeaux. ²

By K. and payment of 20 s. to the hanaper.

1.: Bertran III de Montferrand .
2.: Same entry in entry in C 61/113 .

Concerning transportation for the lord of Saint-Pée

30 December 1416 . castrum... Kenilleworth Kenilworth Castle .

Order to the mayor, prévôt and jurats of the city of Bayonne , to ensure the transport ( eskippamentum ) [by sea], upon receipt of these letters, of the Sanctus Petrus lord of Saint-Pée ¹ and Manaton, Sancta Maria Menauton de Sainte-Marie summoned by the king in England with a retinue of men-at-arms and crossbowmen as well as their horses, goods, equipment and victuals. The king will satisfy reasonably the masters and mariners embarked for this transport to England.

By K.

1.: Johan d'Amézqueta , lord of Saint-Pée.

Same as above

Order to the Sanctus Severus prévôt and worthy men ( probi homines ) of Saint-Sever , to send two masters who make war siege machines ( ad balistas de calebe ) ¹ in the retinue of the lord of Saint-Pée ² who has to come soon in the kingdom of England .The king will satisfy them in such way they will regard themselves as satisfied.

By K.

1.: This is a siege machine called calabre or caable and more often known in French as pierrière and in English as a trebuchet.
2.: Johan d'Amézqueta , lord of Saint-Pée.

32

24 December 1416 . Westminster . Concerning confirmation .

Inspeximus and confirmation of the letters patent of Henry IV :

25 June 1403 . Westminster .

Confirmation, by inspection of the chancery rolls, of the letters patent of Edward I , at the request of the prior and brothers of the hospital Saint-Julien:

1 June 1289 . Cundat Condat .

Grant to the prior and brothers of the hospital Saint-Julien of Bordeaux ¹ that the wine coming from the hospital's vineyards being within the banlieue of Bordeaux be free of customs, excepting the custom of Royanus Royan . The king orders the constable of Bordeaux, the controller of Bordeaux and the other persons receiving these customs to permit them to have these wines free of customs excepting the custom of Royan. ²

By K. and payment of half a mark to the hanaper.

1.: The hospital Saint-Julien ('Sent Julian' in Gascon), founded in c.1230, was situated at Bordeaux on the current 'Place de la Victoire" near the gate Saint-Julien. See Drouyn, L., Bordeaux vers 1450 (Bordeaux, 1874), p. 369-70.
2.: Same act in entry 6 .

33

10 December 1416 . Westminster . For Thomas Ellsworth .

Appointment, because of his good service to Henry IV and the current king in Aquitaine after his coronation, ¹ of Ellesworth Thomas Ellsworth, esquire , to be one of the king's serjeants-at-arms in the duchy of Aquitaine, receiving for life 12 d. a day from the constable of Bordeaux with the other customary profits pertaining to this office.

By p.s.

1.: The coronation of Henry V took place at Westminster Abbey on 9 April 1413.

For Maria de Montaut.

34: 24 January 1417 . Westminster .

Order to the seneschal of Aquitaine, the constable of Bordeaux, the chancelor of Bordeaux and all the king's officers of the duchy, to permit Johan [de Gramont], lord of Gramont and Cama Came or his attorneys to have the offices of gauger of the castle of Bordeaux, of keeper ( turragium ) of the tower and the gate of the castle of Bordeaux that had been previously granted to Auger de Montaut, lord of Mussidan by the king's predecessors as his wife Maria de Montaut, lady of Mussidan and Blaye , is heiress of Auger de Montaut.

35: Same as above

Order to the same about the place and town of Aubeterre to be delivered to Johan de Gramont , because it had previously been granted to Auger de Montaut by the king's predecessors.

36: Same as above

Order to the captain and the constable of the place and town of Aubeterre, their lieutenants, the burgesses, inhabitants and all the other king's liege men and subjects of this place to permit Johan de Gramont and his heirs to have their town with all its appurtenances and rights, any grant or allocation to the contrary notwithstanding.

37

11 February 1417 . Westminster . For Johan de Gramont .

Order to the seneschal of Aquitaine, the constable of Bordeaux, the mayor of the city of Bordeaux , the judges, jurats and the procurator fiscal of Bordeaux and all the king's officers [of the duchy], to do full and swift justice according to law and the local fors and customs to Johan [de Gramont], lord of Gramont of Gascony, husband of Montaude Maria de Montaut, Muyssydanum lady of Mussidan in all the prosecutions made before them in any local courts for the town and power of Berbesen Barbezieux ¹ as well as for their other trials.

1.: Rosa de Montaut, sister of Maria, was married to Guy de la Rochefoucault, lord of Barbezieux, since 1382. See Jaurgain, J. de and Ritter, R., La Maison de Gramont, 1040-1967 , I (Lourdes, 1968), p. 66, n. 11. But we do not know on what ground Johan de Gramont and Maria de Montaut had claims on Barbezieux.

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24 January 1417 . Westminster . For Maria de Montaut .

Order to the seneschal of Aquitaine, the constable of Bordeaux, the chancellor of Bordeaux and the other king's officers in the duchy to permit Johan [de Gramont], lord of Gramont and Cama Came and his wife Maria de Montaut, Muyssyden' lady of Mussidan and Blaye , or their deputies to have the great custom [of Bordeaux], on 600 tons of wine from the first wine customed each year at the castle of Bordeaux, which annuity is worth 600 ancient golden crowns, granted to Maria de Montaut's predecessors by the king's ancestors, as Maria could not receive it and as she and her husband had petitioned Henry IV who confirmed this grant. ¹

1.: See Henry IV's confirmation (12 January 1410): entry in C 61/113 .

39

26 November 1416 . Westminster . Concerning confirmation for the burgesses of Blaye .

Inspeximus and confirmation of letters patent of Henry IV enrolled in the chancery rolls:

2 May 1407 . Westminster .

Inspeximus of transcripts of some letters patent of Edward [of Woodstock], prince of Aquitaine and Wales under the seal of the office of Galhart [II][de] Durfort, Duracium lord of Duras and Blanquafforta Blanquefort , seneschal of Aquitaine :

26 February 1368 . Englom' Angoulême .

Inspeximus and confirmation of the previous letters he delivered as prince of Wales and king's lieutenant in Aquitaine to the churchmen, nobles, burgesses and other inhabitants of the town and castellany of Blaye

5 April 1356 . Bordeaux .

Grant, at their request, to the Blavia churchmen, nobles, burgesses and other inhabitants of the town and castellany of Blaye not to remove their privileges to be united with the crown of England, despite the grant of their town to the lord of Mussidan which is not to the prejudice of their priviledge, the prince promising that the lord of Mussidan, when given another place, will return Blaye to the crown, the inhabitants performing due allegiance. The prince confirms their liberties, franchises and privileges and grants to them the right to sell and bring wherever they want into the king's domains their wine, grains and other goods, paying due tolls, customs, rights, notwithstanding any new taxation levied before the lord of Mussidan became lord of their town. As the prince Edward had granted the castle, town and castellany of Blaye to Monte Alto, de Auger de Montaut, lord of Mussidan with all its rights and appurtenances in compensation of the castle and castellany of Blanquefort which had been previously granted to him by Edward III. ¹

3 July 1376 . Westminster .

Grant to the burgesses of Blaye , that their town will remain annexed forever to the crown of England and not be granted or sold when the town or castle returns into the king's hands, at their supplication before the king and his council in the present parliament, as the town had been annexed to the crown of England and the king's chamber for a long time until Edward the prince of Wales granted the town and castle to Auger de Montaut, lord of Mussidan , kt , in compensation for the castle and castellany of Blanquefort the king ² previously granted to him, until he found a sufficient place to give to Montaut.

And Henry IV has granted, furthermore, that, if Blaye returned to the crown, the town, its mayor, deputy mayor, men of religion etc. would be governed in the same way as the towns of Bourc Bourg , Leybourne Libourne and Seint Milion Saint-Émilion which are part of the king's chamber. ³

Inspeximus and confirmation of other patent rolls of Henry IV enrolled in the chancery rolls:

2 May 1407 . Westminster . ⁴

Grant to the Blaya men of religion and of the church, the nobles, burgesses and other inhabitants of the town, castle and castellany of Blaye to sell their wine in taverns or anywhere else in the city of Bordeaux without putting it into the market, as it was used in the time of the king's ancestors, before the Januenses Genoese ⁵ occupied the town and castellany of Blaye.

By p.s. and payment of 2 m. to the hanaper.

1.: The castle and castellany of Blanquefort had been returned to Galhart I de Durfort in April 1356 when he rallied to Edward III. See Peña, N. de, Documents sur la Maison de Durfort , vol. 2, pp. 649-50, no. 1093 (4 April 1356; C 61/69, m. 2) and pp. 650-2, no. 1094 (6 April 1356; C 61/71, m. 7).
2.: Edward III.
3.: Same entry as entry in C 61/111 .
4.: Same entry as entry in C 61/111 .
5.: Blaye had been stormed from the river side on 20 April 1339 by some Genoese and French led by the Genoese Aitone (or Antonio) Doria - appointed the same year as admiral of France by King Philip VI of France - and the seneschal of Saintonge Itier de Magnac (seneschal of Saintonge from 1334 to 1340). See Sumption, J., Trial by Battle. The Hundred Years War I (London, 1990), p. 258. Aitone Doria was at the head of 40 Genoese galleys. Several Gascon nobles of the English party had been taken prisoner during this attack (among them Bérart I d'Albret and Guilhem-Ramon de Caumont ) and were kept prisoners on galleys (see TNA, E 101/166/11, m. 32 and 33).

40: 16 December 1416 . Westminster . Concerning safeguard .

Letters of protection granted to Bydonet, Saut Bidonat de Sault, esquire , his children, men, servants as well as his lands, tenements, revenues, possessions and all his goods. The king orders to the seneschal of Aquitaine, the constable of Bordeaux, the judges of the city of Bordeaux and all the king's officers in the duchy of Aquitaine to maintain and protect him and his goods and not permit that any injury, damage, violence and impediment be done against him.

By p.s.

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For the inhabitants and burgesses of the town of Blaye.

26 November 1416 . Westminster .

Order to the mayor and jurats of Bordeaux to let the churchmen, nobles and burgesses of Blaye to permit them to enjoy their privileges, as the king confirms the privileges granted by the prince of Aquitaine ¹ to the inhabitants of Blaye their wine, corn and other goods at sea where they want, paying due customs, and the privileges granted by Henry IV to sell their wine in taverns in the city of Bordeaux , ² and when the town has been granted by the lord of Mussidan he was reminded that this town had been annexed to the crown by Edward III .

1.: Edward of Woodstock.
2.: On 2 May 1407, see entry in C 61/111 .

42: Same as above

Similar letters for the king's lieutenant of Aquitaine , the seneschal of Aquitaine and the constable of Bordeaux, as above.

43

15 March 1417 . Westminster . For Gaston de Foix . ¹

Grant to Foys Gaston de Foix, capitaneus captal de Buch , and his heirs of all the right that pertains or could pertain to the king in the place of Vaires Vayres in Burdeloys Bordelais because of the rebellion of the le Bret lord of Albret ² . As Gaston de Foix holds Vayres in his hands and in the king's obedience and as some large sums of money exceeding the value of this place are owed to him and have been allocated on this place, and as the lord of Albret, the king's rebel, asserts to have rights over it.

By K.

1.: Extractus is written in the margin. Usque huc is written in the margin at the end of this entry.
2.: Charles II d'Albret , lord of Albret from 1415.

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2 March 1417 . Westminster . For the jurats and burgesses of La Réole .

Inspeximus and confirmation, by inspection of the chancery rolls, of letters patent of Edward III:

3 June 1347 . Redyng' Reading .

Grant to the burgesses and inhabitants of Regula La Réole , for their good conduct towards the king in surrendering the town to the king, that the town, and the places, castles, houses and parishes within its jurisdiction should not be put out of royal hands by gift, exchange nor by any other means, except to the king's or his sucessors' first born sons as future heirs of both the kingdom of England and the duchy, but that they should remain forever annexed to the crown of England. ¹

Inspeximus and confirmation, by inspection of the chancery rolls, of letters patent of Edward III:

20 May 1354 . Westminster .

Order to the constable of Bordeaux or his lieutenant to permit the merchants, burgesses and inhabitants of La Réole to be exempted and free in Bordeaux of the custom on their own wine growing within the honour and district of La Réole , and not to demand any custom for this wine, from the burgesses and inhabitant and from merchants who had bought it from burgesses, inhabitants and merchants of the town, even if these latter merchants have bought it from burgesses and inhabitants; and if any custom has been received by the constable or his predecessors, to return it without delay, with the proviso that this custom remains due to the king when this wine is bought by a foreign merchant from another foreign merchant ( ab alio extraneo mercatore ). Formerly, Henry, duke of Lancaster, former king's lieutenant and general captain in the parts of the duchy of Aquitaine and in all Lingua Occitana Languedoc granted by his letters patent to the Reula burgesses and inhabitants of the town of La Réole who went then spontaneously in the king's allegiance, that they and their successors be exempted, at the king's and lieutenant's will, of payment of the due custom in the town of Bordeaux on the wine growing on their own vineyards in the the honour and district of La Réole. And thereafter, on 3 June 1347, the king ratified and confirmed these letters by his letters patent and granted the same. And yet, the jurats and community of [La Réole] have petitioned the king and his council in his parliament, since, contrary to the king's grant, the constable receives this custom from the foreign merchants who bought the wine from these merchants, burgesses and inhabitants. ²

Inspeximus and confirmation, by inspection of the chancery rolls, of other letters patent of Edward III:

20 May 1354 . Westminster .

Order to the seneschal of Gascony and his lieutenant that having full information, to compel, by any suitable means if necessary, the Burdeg' mayor and jurats of Bordeaux to desist from disturbing the Reula jurats and community of La Réole and making unlawful exactions on the transport and sale of their wine in the town of Burdeg' Bordeaux , and permit that this wine brought to Bordeaux be stored in cellars and sold in wholesale and in taverns, as they should do, and as their ancestors were accustomed to do until now. They and their predecessors of La Réole ,burgesses and inhabitants of the same town , were used from time immemorial to bring, deliver and sell in the town of Bordeaux the wine growing in the town and district [of La Réole] in their own vineyards, and if they cannot sell it wholesale, to store it in cellars and sell it in taverns and elsewhere as it appears convenient to the mayor [of Bordeaux], without paying any money, toll or custom to the mayor and jurats of Bordeaux; and as the mayor and jurats of Bordeaux recently have demanded great sums of money from the jurats and community of La Réole for every tun of wine they bring to Bordeaux to sell, and they do not permit this wine to be stored in cellars and to be sold in taverns, the jurats of La Réole petitioned the king for remedy, and as the king is willing to provide this and to maintain them in their rightful privileges and liberties because of their good service. ³

Inspeximus and confirmation, by inspection of the chancery rolls, of some other letters patent of Edward III:

6 January 1358 . Westminster .

Order to the seneschal of Gascony, the constable of Bordeaux, the castellan of La Réole and the Reula prévôt of La Réole to permit the jurats and communities of the Vasaten' city of Bazas , the Reula town of La Réole and the other towns, castles and places of Vasades' Bazadais and their successors to enjoy forever without any impediment the liberties and franchises [enjoyed by their ancestors], and maintain them in them, not permitting any impediment or molestation, any letters obtained to the contrary notwithstanding, and paying the other customs and rights due to the king. As, from time immemorial until now, these towns have been in the peaceful possession of liberties and franchises to send to Bordeaux the wine grown in their vineyards as soon as the grape-harvest is done, before and after Martinmas ⁴ or any other time of the year, and to sell it to merchants or load it on ships, and as the seneschal of Gascony as well as some of the king's lieutenants in the duchy of Aquitaine have sworn to keep these liberties and franchises and not to impede them, and as the king wants to maintain their franchises for their good services.

By K.

1.: For the petition of the community and jurats of La Réole that resulted in this response, see TNA, SC 8/243/12134, item no.5. This entry was originaly copied in entry in C 61/59 .
2.: This entry was originaly copied in entry in C 61/66 .
3.: This entry was originaly copied in entry in C 61/66 .
4.: 11 November.

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24 July 1417 . Porchestre Portchester . For Guilhem-Arnaut [de Lamothe] . ¹

Grant to la Mote Guilhem-Arnaut de Lamothe, kt , ² of the castle , lordship and town of Lengon Langon with their appurtenances, to have and hold forever, him and his heirs, from the king and his heirs, together with the prévôté, house, mills, tolls and the other revenues and rights pertaining to this castle, lordship and town, as formerly Lamothe owned the castle, lordship and town of Langon by hereditary right until the Armaniacum count of Armagnac ³ took them, and later they have been retaken by some liege men of the king ⁴ and it remains today in the king's obedience.

By K.

1.: Extractus is written in the margin.
2.: Guilhem-Arnaut de Lamothe, lord of Roquetaillade and co-lord of Langon. He is mentioned from c.1395 to 1430.
3.: Bernat VII d'Armagnac , count of Armagnac took Langon in August 1405. See Pépin, G., 'The French offensives of 1404-1407 against Anglo-Gascon Aquitaine ', Journal of Medieval Military History , 9 (2011), p. 13-4.
4.: The keepership of Langon was given between 1413 and 1417 to Menaut de Habas by William Clifford , constable of Bordeaux.

Concerning the possession of the town and castle of Lesparre received in the king's name.

24 July 1417 . Westminster .

Grant of special power and special mandate to Clyfford William Clifford, kt , constable of Bordeaux , to receive on the king's behalf the town , castle , baronny and Lesparra castellany of Lesparre and Lesparroys Lesparrois and also the places of Brulh Breuil , Carquans Carcans , Roisan Rauzan , Puious Pujols , Quancon Cancon and Balisac Balizac and their appurtenances from Armeniaci Johana d'Armagnac, Lesparra lady of Lesparre or her attorney, paying the sums of money agreed in the indenture made between Clifford and Armagnac, exercising the high and low justice with both full and shared jurisdiction pertaining to these lordships, and hearing and judging all the civil and criminal cases, and receiving on the king's behalf all these lordship's revenues as well as the homages, oaths and services, and with power to appoint and revoke duties to do so, according to the indenture between Johana d'Armagnac and William Clifford, sealed by Johana's seal and signed by Petrus Arnaldus, Pardias Per-Arnaut de Pardies, public notary , of which the king has a copy, Johana has given up and transfered to the king all her right in these lordships for certain sums of money to be paid at fixed terms. ¹

By K.

1.: See the related entries entry in C 61/118 , entry in C 61/119 .

47: Same as above

Order to Johana d'Armagnac, Lesparra lady of Lesparre and Roisan Rauzan , to deliver these lordships, herself or through her attorney, to William Clifford, kt , constable of Bordeaux , who has been appointed the king's proctor in this matter, according to the agreement and indenture made between her and Clifford.

By K.

Same as above

Order to Galhart de Marraben, Lesparra castellan of the town and lordship of Lesparre and Lesparrois to obey and attend William Clifford and his proctors after he has received the town , castle , baronny and Lesparra castellany of Lesparre and Lesparroys Lesparrois . ¹

By K.

1.: Guilhem-Amaniu de Madaillan, lord of Lesparre, had sent his esquire Galhart (or Galhardon) de Marraben to England before King Henry IV. Marraben is mentioned in a letter in French of Madaillan to Henry IV (TNA, E 28/15/90, Bordeaux, 28 November 1404). Madaillan sent a letter in Gascon to Marraben on the same day (TNA, SC 1/51/69).

49: Same as above

Similar order to Guilhem-Ays de Bonoc , esquire , captain of the castle of Lesparre .

By K.

50: Same as above

Similar order to Puch, de Amaniu Dupuch, esquire , and Roisan, Puious captain of Rauzan and Pujols .

By K.

51: Same as above

Similar order to all the abbots, priors, barons, knights and the other king's liege men, clerks as well as laymen, of the town , castle , baronny and Lesparra castellany of Lesparre and Lesparroys Lesparrois and also the places, lordships and powers of Brulh Breuil , Carquans Carcans , Roisan Rauzan , Puious Pujols , Qancon Cancon and Balizak Balizac .

By K.

52: 2 August 1417 . Westminster . For Guilhem Peytabin .

Grant for life to Peytevin Guilhem Peytabin of the city of Bordeaux , esquire , of the writing office of the court of Gascony with all its profits to be held, by himself or his deputies, in the same way the late Master Pey de Prieret, former king's procurator fiscal , held it.

By p.s.

53: 23 October 1417 . Westminster . Concerning protection .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , granted for a year to William Clifford, kt , constable of the castle of Bordeaux and Frounsake captain of the castle of Fronsac , who is staying in this castle for its safeguard.

By p.s.

Concerning general attorneys. ¹

23 July 1417 . Westminster .

Letters of attorney in England for one year for Bonevylle William Bonville, kt , who is going overseas in the king’s service in the retinue of Thomas [of Lancaster], duke of Clarence , nominating William Halle and Laurence John Lawrence alternately.

Gabriell' Richard Gabriel, clerk , received these attorneys until Bonneville's return to England.

54.1: Same as above

Similar letters of attorney for Bonevylle William Bonville nominating Humphrey Stafford, kt , and William Frye .

Gabriell' Richard Gabriel, clerk , received these attorneys until Bonneville's return to England.

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For Carlos [de] Beaumont.

10 August 1417 . Westminster .

Order to the seneschal of Aquitaine, the mayor of the city of Bordeaux, the king's council in Bordeaux and all the king's officers in Aquitaine to permit without impediment Carlos de Beaumont, alférez of Navarre , to have and enjoy the lands and the wine custom according to the king's letters. On 10 June 1407, ¹ Henry IV had granted to Beaumont by his letters patent, confirmed by the current king, ² the land of Noaillan with all the lands, tenements, and revenues pertaining to it and with all the lands and revenues which were owned for life by Johan Cantiran in the city of Bordeaux and in the towns and parishes of Marinach' Mérignac , Becla Bègles , Villa de Nauve Villenave[-d'Ornon] and Cadaynach' Cadaujac and others in the duchy, in the same way as Johan de Cantiran held them during his lifetime. The king furthermore grants to Beaumont for his lifetime the custom on the wine called issac of Bordeaux after the death of Radegonde Béchet, Mortemer lady of Morthemer who held this custom for life according to a grant of Richard II . Henry IV also granted to Beaumont the licence to bring and carry, him or his attorneys, 120 tuns of wine coming from the rebel places of the duchy ³ without paying any tithe or custom at the castle of Bordeaux or elsewhere and without bringing any wheat with this wine, and with priority before any others having such licence, in the same way as Tolleo Guilhem de Thouil , former clerk of the city of Bordeaux , had for life by the king's grant. Beaumont had to render each year for 20 years 100 fr. at Easter and Michaelmas by equal portions. Letters attested by John [of Lancaster], duke of Bedford , keeper of England. ⁴

55.1: Same as above

Similar letters to the constable of Bordeaux.

1.: See entry in C 61/111 .
2.: On 29 June 1413 entry in C 61/114 .
3.: The places under French authority.
4.: See the related entries entry in C 61/111 , entry in C 61/112 , entry in C 61/114 , entry in C 61/116 .

56

7 August 1417 . Westminster . Concerning general attorneys .

Letters of attorney in England for one year for Monlau Johan de Montlau, kt , who is staying in Aquitaine, nominating Fry Robert Frye and Pont, de John Dupont alternately. Letters attested by John [of Lancaster], duke of Bedford , keeper of England. ¹

The chancellor received the attorneys until Montlau's return to England.

1.: This letter is closed by Teste Johanne, duce Bedford, custode Anglie instead of the usual Teste rege .

57

7 August 1417 . Westminster . Concerning the delivery of letters .

Order to William Clifford, kt , constable of the castle of Bordeaux , to deliver to the mayor, échevins and council of Bayonne the king's letters granting them 4 d. per pound, first taking sufficient security from them, that the king's ship called Dieu garde be ready to sail on next Easter, ¹ since the king, by these letters patent, has granted power to receive this tax for a four year period to be spent only on building this ship begun by la Duche Bonifaci de Laduch , ² by inspection of an English controller, in the same way Henry IV already granted it. ³ And order to certify the king in his English chancery. ⁴

1.: 27 March 1418.
2.: Bonifaci de Laduch was mayor of Bayonne in 1426-7. The Laduch family was one of the main burgess families of Bayonne in this period and during the early modern period.
3.: There is no trace of this specific grant in the Gascon rolls of the reign of Henry IV.
4.: According to a letter written in French of the community of Bayonne to Henry V (4 May 1419) the ship Dieu la garde was still not finished and was not near completion because of a local lack of timber. See the 18th century copy of this letter in British Library, add. Ms. 38525, fol. 92r-v. The original letter was originally in the Cotton MS Caligula D V, but was destroyed in the 1731 fire at Ashburnham House. Some other details about the building of this ship are to be found in a letter about it written in English by one John Alcestre to Henry V (Bayonne, 25 April 1419). This letter is published in Original Letters illustrative of English History , ed. H. Ellis, Second Series, vol. I (London, 1827), pp. 69-71, letter XXI. A comment of this letter: Loewen, B., 'Bayonne, 1419. Lapstraking and moulded frames in the same hull?', The Mariner's Mirror , 83 (1997), pp. 328-31.

58

22 July 1417 . Cichefeld Titchfield For Carlos de Navarre .

Order to all the king's officers to protect and defend Carlos de Navarre, kt , ¹ his men, servants, goods and chattels and not permit that any injury, damage, violence and impediment be done against him, as the king has received Carlos into his protection and has ordered him to come in the kingdom of England to see him, as Carlos fears suffering damage by his enemies and as the king does not want Beaumont may suffer any damage by reason of any account, convention or contract while he is in England.

By K.

1.: This is the same person as Carlos de Beaumont .

59

6 August 1417 . Westminster . Concerning power granted . ¹

Grant to the mayor, échevins and council of Bayonne of sufficient power to receive 4 d. per pound for a four years period in the same way Henry IV already granted it, ² and deliver them to la Duche Bonifaci de Laduch by inspection of an English controller, with the proviso that this money should only be spent on building the king's ship called Dieu garde .

By p.s.

1.: Extractus is written in the margin.
2.: There is no trace of this specific grant in the Gascon rolls of the reign of Henry IV.

60: Same as above Westminster . Concerning requisition of carpenters .

Order to la Duche Bonifaci de Laduch to requisition without delay both within liberties and outside them, the fee of the Church always being excepted, the carpenters, crafstmen and workers that will be necessary to build the king's ship called Dieu garde , paying them customary wages due. The king wants him to be diligent in this work. The king orders all his officers within and without liberties to obey and attend Laduch in this task.

By p.s.

Concerning purveyance of wheat.

10 August 1417 . Westminster .

Order to Profyt Thomas Profet , with the advice of the king's council, because the king has learned the high price of wheat in the duchy of Aquitaine, to buy with the king's money 500 quarters of wheat in Gloucestershire and 200 quarters of wheat in Herefordshire for the maintenance of the king's liege men and subjects. The king also orders all his officers to obey and attend him in this task.

By C.

The following persons have similar letters with the same date, namely:

61.1: Same as above

Order to John Barnet to buy with the king's money 500 quarters of wheat in Wygorn' Worcestershire .

61.2: Same as above

Order to Fyssher John Fisher to buy with the king's money 300 quarters of wheat in Oxon' Oxfordshire and 300 quarters of wheat in Berkshire .

61.3: Same as above

Order to William Clerk of Grentham Grantham to buy with the king's money 700 quarters of wheat in Lincolnshire , 500 quarters of wheat in Notyngh' Nottinghamshire and 400 quarters of wheat in Ebor' Yorkshire .

62

13 August 1417 . Westminster . Concerning licence to transport wheat . ¹

Licence of transport granted to Lucia [Visconti], Kant' countess of Kent and William Preston to buy 100 quarters of wheat within the kingdom of England and bring it in some ships to the city of Bordeaux. They will give in chancery letters testifying the unloading of this wheat under the seal of the mayor and jurats of Bordeaux before next Easter, ² under penalty of the value of this freight. The king orders to all admirals etc. to permit them to do it, paying the due customs. Letters attested by John [of Lancaster], duke of Bedford , keeper of England. ³

1.: It is written in the margin: Void as the letters were returned in the chancery since nothing had been done, according to Preston's oath, and thereafter cancelled.
2.: 27 March 1418.
3.: This letter is closed by Teste Johanne, duce Bedford, custode Anglie instead of the usual Teste rege .

63

15 August 1417 . Westminster . Concerning protection .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , granted for one year to Bryd John Brid , esquire of Ebor' Yorkshire , who is in the king's service in Aquitaine in the company of Clyfford William Clifford, kt , Fronsak captain of the castle of Fronsac , who is staying in this castle for its safeguard.

By p.s.

77: 26 July 1417 . Portesmouth Portsmouth .

Grant to the Pomiers lord of Pommiers and Monlau Montlau of the assize of Baiona Bayonne to the sum of 4,000 crowns ( scuti ) in compensation of the 1,000 m. due to him. Formerly, Clyfford William Clifford, kt , constable of Bordeaux , has promised on behalf of the king the sum of 1,000 m. to the lord of Pommiers and Montlau for a service this lord has since done to the king, and the constable is unable to pay him this sum from the revenues of his office.

By K.

78: Same as above

Order to the mayor, échevins and hundred peers of the community of Bayonne to deliver to the Pomiers lord of Pommiers and Monlau Montlau the assize of their city until he receives the sum of 4,000 crowns.

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Concerning protection.

64: 23 May 1417 . Westminster .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , granted for one year to William des Isles of Ebor' Yorkshire , who is in the king's service in Aquitaine in the company of Clyfford William Clifford, kt , Fronsak captain of the castle of Fronsac , who is staying in this castle for its safeguard.

By p.s.

65: Same as above

Similar letters of protection to Peytavyn Guilhem Peytabin , a Gascon.

By p.s.

For Menauton de Castéra.

11 July 1417 . Suthampton Southampton .

Grant to Menaulton Menauton de Castéra , dwelling in Bordeaux , to use and enjoy all the privileges and franchises of the city of Bordeaux as the other burgesses of this city, as Castéra is married to the daughter of a burgess of Bordeaux whose ancestors had always had such status. ¹

By p.s.

1.: For the petition of Menauton de Castéra that resulted in this response, see TNA, SC 8/182/9073.

67: Same as above

Order to the mayor of Bordeaux , the deputy mayor of Bordeaux and the jurats of this city to permit Menauton de Castéra to use and enjoy all the privileges and franchises of the city of Bordeaux.

By K.

Same as above

Order to the seneschal of Aquitaine, the constable of Bordeaux, the judge of Gascony and the king's council in Bordeaux to call before them the parties, hear them and check the evidences of Paulin de Carrenx, kt , and do swift and full justice to him according to law and the local fors and customs. Carrenx has supplicated that he has the hereditary right ( hereditas ) called le Begueyryu de Castelnau ¹ in the place and lordship of Castelnau in Medoc Castelnau-de-Médoc , on which his father and his ancestors had such right from time immemorial, as appears in the evidences he has, and as the capitaneus captal de Buch ² and the Castellon lord of Castillon ³ have deprived Carrenx of it by force, even if he proposed them to pay homage for this fief as his ancestors did. ⁴

By K.

1.: The fairs and markets were sometimes called in Gascon bégueries particularly in Médoc where they were still called biguerie in the 18th century. A tax called bégueyriu ( bigueyrieu in the 18th century) was levied on some goods sold in the market. See Baurein, Variétés Bordeloises , IV (Bordeaux, 1876), pp. 75-6.
2.: Gaston de Foix .
3.: Pons VII de Castillon (d. 1418).
4.: For the petition of Paulin de Carrenx that resulted in this response, see TNA, SC 8/182/9073.

Same as above

Order to the capitaneus captal de Buch ¹ and the Castellon lord of Castillon ² to permit Paulin de Carrenx to enjoy this hereditary right as his ancestors did.

By K.

1.: Gaston de Foix .
2.: Pons VII de Castillon (d. 1418).

For Bernat de Lesparre.

Same as above ¹

Grant to Bernat de Lesparre, kt , la Barde lord of Labarde to annex the parishes of Boulhagues Bouniagues , Sanctus Cerno, de Saint-Cernin and Sancta Lucia Sainte-Luce situated in the Pierregort seneschalcy of Périgord in the Sarladoys diocese of Sarlat to the lordship of his la Barde castle of Labarde , the value of which being less than 20 m.st. as can be remembered ( per aliquam memoriam hominis ). Lesparre holds for life these parishes in the king's obedience and his father ² has held them before him. ³ Furthermore the king grants to Bernat de Lesparre the place of Roquapina Roquepine with all its appurtenances in which place there is now no house ( habitacio ). ⁴

By K.

1.: Extractus is written in the margin.
2.: Bernat de Lesparre . See Campagne, M., Histoire de la Maison de Madaillan (Bergerac, 1900), p. 199-201. But Campagne made a mistake in linking these two Bernats de Lesparre with the Madaillan family. They issued from a cadet branch of the Lesparre family.
3.: His father, lord of Labarde in Médoc, had bought the Périgourdin lordship of Labarde (com. Saint-Cernin-de-Labarde) in 1385. See , Les Jurades de la ville de Bergerac , éd. G. Charrier (Bergerac, 1892-1893), p. 87 (28 August 1385).
4.: For the petition of Bernat de Lesparre that resulted in this response, see TNA, SC 8/182/9073, item 1 and 2.

71: Same as above

Order to the king's lieutenant in Aquitaine, the seneschal of Aquitaine, the constable of Bordeaux and all the king's officers in the duchy to permit Bernat de Lesparre to enjoy these parishes with the lordship of his castle of Labarde according to the king's letters.

By K.

72: Same as above

Order to the good men of these parishes to receive Bernat de Lesparre and made to him all the duties pertaining to these parishes.

By K.

73: Same as above

Order to the king's lieutenant in Aquitaine, the seneschal of Aquitaine, the constable of Bordeaux and all the king's officers in the duchy to permit Bernat de Lesparre to enjoy this place [of Roquepine ] with its appurtenances.

By K.

Same as above

Grant to Bernat de Lesparre, kt and [the persons of his family] to enjoy the status of burgess of Bordeaux with all its liberties and privileges, to be held in the same way the other nobles and the children of burgesses of Bordeaux used to enjoy. ¹

By K.

1.: For the petition of Bernat de Lesparre that resulted in this response, see TNA, SC 8/182/9073, item 3.

75: Same as above

Order to the constable of the castle of Bordeaux, the mayor of Bordeaux , the deputy mayor of Bordeaux and the jurats of Bordeaux to permit Bernat de Lesparre to enjoy the liberties and franchises of the burgesses of Bordeaux.

By K.

Same as above

Order to the king's lieutenant in Aquitaine, the seneschal of Aquitaine and the constable of Bordeaux to do full justice to Bernat de Lesparre, la Barde lord of Labarde , kt , according to the local fors and customs, as according Lesparre's petition seeking remedy from the king, the [noble] Madalhan house of Madaillan with its appurtenances should be owned by Lesparre because of the death of the heir of this house and because he is the closest kinsman of this lineage, and this house and its appurtenances are now in the hands of the king's enemies excepting the lands of Condac Condat and Barbana Barbanne which are held by Nicholas Bowet, kt , and his deputy. ¹

By K.

1.: For the petition of Bernat de Lesparre that resulted in this response, see TNA, SC 8/182/9073, item 5.

79: On a memorandum enrolled .

Memorandum that the Pomiers lord of Pommiers came personally before the king in his chancery and admitted that William [Clifford] has totally fulfilled his promise, so that Pommiers discharges him forever of it.

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Concerning safeguard.

8 Octobre 1417 . Westminster .

Letters of protection granted to Peytavin Guilhem Peytabin , his men, tenants, servants as well as his lands, tenements, revenues, possessions and all his goods. The king orders to the seneschal of Aquitaine, the constable of Bordeaux, the judges of the city of Bordeaux and all the king's officers in the duchy of Aquitaine to maintain and protect him and his goods and not permit that any injury, damage, violence and impediment be done against him. They must proclaim this publicly with the customary bans. Letters attested by John [of Lancaster], duke of Bedford , keeper of England. ¹

The following persons have similar letters patent with the same date, namely:

80.1: Same as above

Bernat de Corn, burgess of Bordeaux .

80.2: Same as above

Amaniu de Marraben .

80.3: Same as above

Guilhem-Ays de Bourg, captain of the castle of Lesparre .

80.4: Same as above

Galhart de Marraben, esquire , castellan of Lesparre .

1.: This letter is closed by Teste Johanne, duce Bedford, custode Anglie instead of the usual Teste rege .

81

11 Octobre 1417 . Westminster . Concerning the provision of wine for the king's household .

Order to Thomas Bolthorp to choose in the city of Bordeaux or elsewhere in the duchy of Aquitaine, both within liberties and outside them, ¹ as many tuns, pipes and containers of wine of Gascony as he will find necessary for the need of the king's household, to negotiate their price with the wine merchants, to load this wine in some king's ships or others in the port of Bordeaux and, once loaded, to bring the wine as soon as possible to the king's household, without paying any customs. The king orders to all his liege men and subjects of the duchy of Aquitaine and others to obey and attend Bolthorp in this task. Letters attested by John [of Lancaster], duke of Bedford , keeper of England. ²

By C.

1.: This English clause is not very appropriate for Gascony.
2.: This letter is closed by Teste Johanne, duce Bedford, custode Anglie instead of the usual Teste rege .

82: Same as above Concerning power granted .

Order to William Clifford, constable of Bordeaux , and John St John, mayor of Bordeaux , to promise in the king's behalf to the merchants and others who would have sold wine to Thomas Bolthorp due payment or assignment at the agreed term, after being certified of the price of the wine by Bolthorp.

By C.

Concerning protection.

84: 29 October 1417 . Westminster .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , granted for one year to John Brook , who is in the king's service in Aquitaine in the company of Clyfford William Clifford, kt , Fronsak captain of the castle of Fronsac , who is staying in this castle for its safeguard.

By p.s.

85: Same as above

Similar letters of protection to Crefosburgh William Trefosburgh .

By p.s.

86

29 October 1417 . Westminster . For William Clifford . ¹

Grant at the king's pleasure, with the assent of the king's council, to William Clifford, Frounsak captain of the castle of Fronsac , in part payment of what it owned to him for this keeepership, of lands or issues formerly held for life by the king's grant by the late la Trawe Bertran de La Trau , ² namely la Livarde la Libarde and Puyau ; and by Lyon Johan du Lion , namely the pledges ( vadia ) and profits of the court of Gascony ³

By p.s.

1.: Extractus is written in the margin.
2.: On 1 November 1403, see entry in C 61/109 .
3.: On 7 November 1400, see entry in C 61/107 .

87: 28 October 1417 . Westminster . Concerning requisition of ships .

Order to the Bristoll mayor and sheriffs of the town of Bristol to requisition in their port as many as ships as is necessary for the transport to Bordeaux of 1,300 quarters of wheat, bought for William Clifford, kt , constable of Bordeaux , with his money, and order to anybody involved in this matter to attend and obey them in this task.

88: 16 November 1417 . Westminster . Concerning protection .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , granted for one year to Swanlond William Swanland of Herfeld Harefield in Middlesex , who is going in the king's service in Aquitaine in the company of William Clifford, kt , Fronsak captain of the castle of Fronsac , who is staying in this castle for its safeguard.

By p.s.

89

22 November 1417 . Westminster . Concerning licence to bring wheat . ¹

Order all the admiralls, etc. to permit Robert Shakyls of Kyngeston super Hull Kingston upon Hull , merchant, to buy 200 quarters of wheat in Yorkshire and Lincolnshire and export them from Kingston to Bordeaux and Bayonne or one of them for their supply, paying due custom, for the king has granted him such licence, with the proviso that he brings this wheat to these cities and not elsewhere. Letters attested by John [of Lancaster], duke of Bedford , keeper of England. ²

1.: Usque huc is written in the margin at the back of this entry.
2.: This letter is closed by Teste Johanne, duce Bedford, custode Anglie instead of the usual Teste rege .

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90

24 March 1418 . Westminster . For William Clifford . ¹

Grant, with the advice of the king's council, to William Clifford, kt , constable of Bordeaux and Frounsak captain of the castle of Fronsac of the Leybourne prévôté of the town of Libourne and of its writing office with all the profits pertaining to them and all revenues and goods of the king's enemies and rebels in Libourne and its jurisdiction, with the tithe levied on the wine of the rebels ² coming from the river bank of the Dordoinghne Dordogne . Clifford, or a sufficient deputy, has to enjoy all these revenues in deduction of the wages owed to Clifford and the soldiers dwelling in the castle of Fronsac for its safeguard, according to the account rendered by Clifford to the exchequer. Letters attested by John [of Lancaster], duke of Bedford , keeper of England. ³

By p.s.

1.: Extractus is written in the margin.
2.: The wine coming from lands held by the French.
3.: This letter is closed by Teste Johanne, duce Bedford, custode Anglie instead of the usual Teste rege .

91: 18 June 1418 . Westminster . Concerning protection .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , granted for one year to John St John, kt , mayor of Bordeaux , who is staying in the duchy of Aquitaine for its safeguard and the exercise of his office.

By p.s.

For John Dupont.

20 May 1418 . castrum [...] de Caen Caen Castle .

Grant for life to Pount, de John Dupont, esquire , of the Umbraria writing office of the court of the prévôté of the Ombrière in the city of Bordeaux, vacant by the death of Master Sancto Paulo Bernat de Saint-Paul ¹ with all the profits and emoluments pertaining to it, notwithstanding that the king had granted him for life two houses ( mesuagia ) in Bordeaux ² having a yearly value of 5 m. and the manor of Aber ³ in the Caernarvan Caernarfonshire having a yearly value of 40 m. .

By p.s.

1.: Bernat de Saint-Paul was granted this office for life by Henry IV on 6 May 1401, see entry in C 61/108 .
2.: These two houses adjoined to the castle of the Ombrière had been granted to Dupont by the duke of Clarence on 5 February 1413 and this grant had been confirmed by Henry V on 5 November 1413. See entry in C 61/114 .
3.: A place now known as Abergwyngregynwith, its Welsh name. This manor was the seat of Llywelyn ap Gruffudd (d. 1282), the last native prince of Wales and Gwynedd. This manor was granted for life to Dupont on 30 July 1417 (Westminster). See the Calendar of the Patent Rolls (CPR), 1416-22 , p.119.

93: Same as above

Order to the seneschal of Aquitaine, the judge of Gascony and the mayor of Bordeaux to deliver this office to John Dupont or a sufficient deputy.

94

22 July 1418 . Westminster . Concerning an inquiry . ¹

Order to la Bay Johan de Lesbay, Baiona burgess of Bayonne , Ryvere Pey de Ribère , la Bay Bertholomiu de Lesbay and Master Menaut , the king's procurator [fiscal] , three or two of them, to inquire about the matter [mentioned below] by oaths of the worthy men of Bayonne in order to find the truth, on some days and places chosen by them, and to certify without the chancery of England under the seals of three or two of them.; and order to the mayor, jurats and prévôt of the city of Bordeaux and others interested in the tenor of these presents to attend and obey three or two of them. The king has learned that 100 tuns of iron and more owned by Miqueu Peritz, Darenguren Miguel Pérez de Aranguren , ² king's enemy and rebel, ³ and were loaded in a ship of which Viane Miquelon de Viana is master, and this freight was previously delivered by Pérez's trickery to Cardole Jacmot de Cardolle , proctor ( factor ) of Johan Momanx , ⁴ and thereafter Cardolle delivered this iron by trickery to John Blode and Blont Thomas Blount of Bristoll Bristol , merchants. ⁵ Letters attested by John [of Lancaster], duke of Bedford , keeper of England. ⁶

1.: Extractus is written in the margin.
2.: He was issued from an old family (Pérez de Aranguren) of the little nobility of the kingdom of Navarre. We know for instance García Pérez de Aranguren who was notary at the court of the king of Navarre Carlos II from c.1350 to c.1370.
3.: There was an important iron trade in Biscay at this period. Biscay was united with the crown of Castile which was then opposed to England and allied with France. On the iron trade in Biscay, see this article in Spanish: http://www.euskonews.com/0623zbk/gaia62302es.html
4.: A citizen of Bayonne.
5.: The links between the merchants of Bayonne and Bristol can be assessed for instance with the massive exportations of cloth from Bristol to Bayonne in 1390-1, see Carus-Wilson, E., The Overseas Trade of Bristol in the late Middle Ages (Bristol, 1967 [1937]), pp. 190-203. Many importations of Spanish iron to Bristol in 1437, ibid. p. 203-4.
6.: This letter is closed by Teste Johanne, duce Bedford, custode Anglie instead of the usual Teste rege .

Concerning accounting of [William] Clifford.

20 December 1418 . Westminster .

Order to Fronsak Johan de Fronsac, kt , occupier of the castle of Lesparre , Marrabien Galhart de Marraben, castellan of the town of Lesparre and Geronus Magenthoni , chaplain , to pay Anne [Bardolf] , widow and executor of the will of the late William Clifford, constable of Bordeaux , 1,000 m.st. and to deliver her the wine, wheat and cloth and other things belonging to Clifford and stored in the castle of Lesparre, after being certified under the seal of John St John, mayor of Bordeaux , that Anne has given sufficient warrant of accounting for the late Clifford of all the issues of this ofice of constable and any sums received from the exchequer or from any other royal receipt ( alibi ex erario ), in the exchequer of Westminster for the fortnight of Easter 1420 (7 April 1420), as by indenture with the king Clifford had been granted 1,000 m.st on the issues of the castle of Lesparre to keep the castle of Fronsac , and as Clifford has bought from Johana d'Armagnac, then lady of Lesparre , cloth of Aracium Arras , furniture and other things, and has brought into the castle of Lesparre wine and wheat belonging to him. Letters attested by John [of Lancaster], duke of Bedford , keeper of England. ¹

1.: This letter is closed by Teste Johanne, duce Bedford, custode Anglie instead of the usual Teste rege .

Same as above

Order to John St John, mayor of Bordeaux , to certify Johan de Fronsac , Galhart de Marraben and Magenthoni and make them pay Anne [Bardolf] as above. Letters attested by John [of Lancaster], duke of Bedford , keeper of England. ¹

1.: This letter is closed by Teste Johanne, duce Bedford, custode Anglie instead of the usual Teste rege .

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For Anne who was wife of William Clifford, kt.

20 December 1418 . Westminster .

Order to Robert Holme, esquire , former lieutenant and deputy of the late William Clifford, kt , constable of Bordeaux , to deliver to Anne [Bardolf] , widow and executor of Clifford's will, all the books, documents and memoranda necessary for accounting in the exchequer of England after being certified by John St John , as above. Letters attested by John [of Lancaster], duke of Bedford , keeper of England. ¹

1.: This letter is closed by Teste Johanne, duce Bedford, custode Anglie instead of the usual Teste rege .

98: Same as above Concerning power granted .

Order to John St John, mayor of Bordeaux , to certify the king's chancery about the committment of Anne [Bardolf] which he had been granted power to receive, to pay 5,000 l. in the king's exchequer in the fortnight of Easter 1420 if she had not accounted as above.

By C.