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C 61/103 16 Richard II (1392-3)

Introduction.

The roll is, like its predecessor, a short roll and consists of only six membranes. Unlike the preceding roll, it does contain a much greater variety of entries, though a considerable number of licences to export wheat and other victuals do appear.

Perhaps of most importance are the small number of entries relating to the extension of the truce that had been negotiated in 1393, as the peace negotiations foundered, and of the grant of the duchy to John of Gaunt, the king's uncle. The renewal of the truce in 1393 resulted from the collapse of the peace talks that had been going on over the preceding years. In part this was as a result of the return of the periodic bouts of insanity that plagued Charles VI, but also concerned the still very thorny issues of the cession of land by the French to the English, and the demand for liege homage from Richard II for his territories on the continent. 1 The entries on this roll all relate to the attempts by both sides to contain and correct the multitude of incursions made by the captains and garrisons on both sides of the frontier. The French, it would seem, had resolved to send a moderate sized force to enforce matters on their behalf, which Richard II was apparently prepared to condone. The king granted protection to the French force, and also made orders for his own forces to take part in the attempts to maintain the truce. 2

The grant to Gaunt of the duchy of Aquitaine as a personal apanage in March 1390 also caused considerable problems, and has been linked to the then ongoing peace negotiations. Since Gaunt's surrender of his claims to the crown of Castile in return for a large cash payment, an annual pension and the marriage of his daughter Catalina to the heir to the Castilian throne, Gaunt, as Nigel Saul has put it, yearned for a way 'to make himself a semi-independent ruler in the manner of Philip of Burgundy'. 3 Although his vast personal wealth, and the duchy of Lancaster did go some way to granting him this, the lifetime grant of the duchy of Aquitaine was a far different and substantial proposition. It made him a great magnate of a continental lordship remote from England, and gave him something he had failed to secure in Castile. Moreover the grant of the duchy to Gaunt has been seen as preparatory to a final peace with the French, the duchy eventually being permanently alienated to the Lancastrian line, who could swear liege homage to the French king for the duchy, without the humiliation that a king of England would feel in making such an oath. 4 Unfortunately for Gaunt, and as the single entry on this roll reveals, the grant did not prove to be as easy for him to physically secure, as it had been for the king to grant. The loyal inhabitants of Aquitaine, with some considerable justification, resented the grant to Gaunt, on the basis that the duchy had always been held directly by the king as duke, or by the king's heir, as it had been by the future Edward I, the future Edward III, and by Edward of Woodstock, Richard II's father, made prince of Aquitaine by Edward III (1362-72). Furthermore Gascony had been united forever to the Crown of England by Henry III in 1252 and in 1254. But also in the minds of many Gascons must have been the fear that a resident lord would be an interventionist lord, meddling in their affairs and feuds. It should be no surprise then to find that Richard II was forced to confirm that he had made this grant freely. 5

Trade issues remained an important issue. Again the roll is dominated by grants of licences, predominantly to English merchants, to take victuals to Aquitaine. Of the twenty licences granted on the roll, fifteen were to Englishmen, four to Gascons, and only one to Spanish merchants. Of those licences granted to Englishmen, the origins of those that are specified reveal that no place dominated, with men from Faversham, Lynn, London and Coventry occurring. The ports where the victuals were loaded also provided more variety than in the previous roll, with Dover and Sandwich being favoured in the southwest of England, and Lynn being favoured further north. Other ports occurring included Bristol, Orwell, Chichester, and Boston. One licence of particular interest is that granted to William Scrope, who received his grant to allow him to victual the garrisons of the castles of Mauléon and Fronsac, of which he was keeper and castellan. 6 Curiously the victuals he was granted permission to export were to be taken to Bayonne, and then onto the castles. For Mauléon this made perfect sense, but for Fronsac located on the Dordogne near Bordeaux, this made far less sense.

In addition to the entries concerning licences, other entries stand out on trade matters. The first is an ordinance which sought to prevent English merchants selling their goods in Bordeaux from taking the proceeds out of the city to buy wine at La Rochelle. 7 This was clearly a matter that concerned both the officials and traders of Bordeaux and the king, for the former because of the loss of trade, and for the latter for the loss of custom payments and the problem of English merchants trading in a port then in the hands of the French. The other entry concerns more mundane concerns - the seizure of uncocketed merchandise, a perennial concern of the English government. 8

A small smattering of entries on judicial matters can also be found on the roll. Besides the usual commitment of power to legal figures to hear appeals in the king's place, 9 the factional infighting in Bayonne looms large, with the king being forced to intervene on the behalf of a Bayonne citizen who had served as mayor as a royal nominee, but who had been expelled by a governor/vicar appointed within the city without royal approval. 10 In addition, another figure who had enjoyed royal favour - Guilhem Boneu - a former royal judge of Gascony who had been notoriously corrupt received a full rehabilitation. Also of interest is the king's intervention on behalf of Master William Langbrook, the constable of Bordeaux. Richard had granted the office of treasurer of Wells to his constable, but this was challenged by a cardinal of the Roman papacy. Not prepared to tolerate this challenge to the royal right to make such collations, the king prohibited the receipt of letters from the papacy on this matter, through which the cardinal had sought to excommunicate Langbrook. 11 In the last decade of his reign Richard II was to face numerous challenges from the Roman papacy of Boniface IX to his rights to make appointments in the English Church, and this must be one of the earlier examples. It was the resolution of this dispute that saw the collapse of Anglo-French attempts to heal the schism agreed at the lavish meeting of Richard II and Charles VI at Ardres in 1395. 12

Simon J. Harris.

1.
For a full discussion of the attempts to negotiate peace, see Saul, N., Richard II (New Haven-London, 1997) pp. 205-34; Palmer, J.J.N., 'The Anglo-French Peace Negotiations, 1390-1396', TRHS , 5th ser., xvi (1966); idem, 'Articles for a Final Peace between England and France, 16 June 1393', BIHR , xxxix (1966); idem, England, France and Christendom, 1377-99 (London, 1972); idem, 'English Foreign Policy, 1388-1399' The Reign of Richard II. Essays in Honour of May McKisack , ed. F.R.H. Du Boulay and C.M. Barron (London, 1971).
2.
See entry 38 , entry 39 , , entry .
3.
Saul, p. 209
4.
An argument followed by Palmer ( England, France and Christendom , ch. 2), but discounted by Saul ( Richard II , pp. 211-15)
5.
See entry 11 .
6.
See entry 27 .
7.
See entry 5 , .
8.
See entry 20 .
9.
See entry 6 , .
10.
See entry 22 , entry 24 , entry 25 .
11.
See entry 16 .
12.
Saul, Richard II , pp. 226-34. See also Palmer, J.J.N., 'England and the Great Western Schism, 1388-1399', EHR , lxxxiii (1968).
1

30 June 1392 . Notingh' Nottingham . For the transport of wheat. 1

To all admirals, captains, castellans and their lieutenants, keepers of seaports and other maritime places, customers, collectors of customs and subsidies, and also sheriffs, mayors, bailiffs,constables and other faithful subjects.

Grant of a licence to Loveryk Thomas Loverock of Faversham , that he can take 400 quarters of wheat loaded onto ships in the Dovorr' port of Dover and other neighbouring places, to Burdeg' Bordeaux or Baion' Bayonne . Loverock had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because Blakeneye John Blakeney of London , fishmonger , and John Roger of Faversham , personally mainprised before the king in chancery, under the penalty of twice the value of the wheat, that Loverock would take the wheat to those cities, and not anywhere else. It is ordered that Loverock be permitted to take the wheat to those cities without any impediments, first paying the customs, subsidies and dues, any proclamation to the contrary notwithstanding.

1.
A note in the margin states ' extractus '.
2

30 June 1392 . The castrum de Notingh' castle of Nottingham . For Master Guilhem Boneu.

Release, by the king' special grace, to Master Bonelli Guilhem Boneu, bachelor of laws , and all of his goods, both moveable and immoveable, except his moveable goods, or their value, that have already been delivered to the king, and also all those who gave surety for him to John [of Gaunt], the king's uncle, when he was lieutenant, because of the accusations, and also from all of the accusations, crimes, excesses alleged against Boneu, and his subsequent arrest. The king further remits to Boneu all crimes and excesses, and all penalties both monetary and corporal, and whatever penalties concerning his goods, except the monetary penalty and his goods, or their value, which have been delivered to the king, up to the date of these presents, including in these, the claims and accusations committed against the king and his uncle. Boneu is fully restored, in relation to these accusations, to his previous status, honour, family and goods, both moveable and immoveable, excepting the moveable goods, or their value, delivered to the king, quashing the claims, accusations, pledges, obligations, and the king's proctors, officers and ministers are to speak no further on these claims and accusations.

In January 1389, 1 before John [of Gaunt], duke of Aquitaine and Lancaster , the king's uncle, and then his lieutenant in Aquitaine , many claims or accusations, both civil and criminal, were made against Boneu by the king's procurator in the court of Gascony ex officio , and by Colombi Mabilia Colom, daughter of Johan Colombi Colom , Calciata Johan de Lacaussade, kt , Vigorosus, Stephanus Biguoros Estève , Molarino, de Arnaut de Monlarin , and Lopiaco, de Mabilia de Loupiac, his wife , Bequerii Johan Bouquey, priest , and certain other people. 2 These were made against his person and status, and alleged that he had committed crimes against the king and his uncle, and against the others named above, when he was a judge in Gascony, when he had been a clerk in Bordeaux, and otherwise, just as is more fully contained in the books of the court of Gascony. Because of this, the king's uncle arrested Boneu, and took all of his goods, both moveable and immoveable into the king's hands.

By p.s.

1.
New Style.
2.
On these complaints and more generaly on the trial of Guilhem Boneu that took place in January 1389, see Archives Nationales, Paris (site de Pierrefitte-sur-Seine), 1 AP/1645.
3

4 July 1392 . The castrum Notingh' castle of Nottingham . For protection.

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for one year, for Cradoc Richard Craddock, kt , who is going to Aquitaine, in the king's service, to reside there on the conservation of the truce.

By bill of p.s.

4

30 June 1392 . Notingh' Nottingham . For the transport of corn. 1

To all admirals etc.

Grant of a licence to Kempe Thomas Kemp and Totyng' Andrew Tooting , that they can take 300 quarters of wheat, and 100 quarters of beans, loaded onto ships in the ports of Dovorr' Dover and Sandewicum Sandwich , to Burdeg' Bordeaux or Baion' Bayonne . Kemp and Tooting had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because Mancestre Henry Mancetter of Warwickshire , and Richard de Milton of Oxfordshire , mainprised before the king in chancery, under the penalty of twice the value of the wheat and beans, that Kemp and Tooting would take the wheat to those cities, and not anywhere else, unless obstructed by storms or piracy, and that they would bring letters into chancery within a year under the seal of the mayor of Bordeaux or Bayonne , attesting that they had discharged the wheat in accordance with their licence. It is ordered that Kemp and Tooting be permitted to take the wheat and beans to Bordeaux or Bayonne without any impediments, first paying the customs, subsidies and other dues, any proclamations to the contrary notwithstanding.

1.
A note in the margin states ' extractus '.
5

4 July 1392 . The castrum Notynghaime castle of Nottingham . For observing the ordinance within the city of Bordeaux.

To the mayor and jurats of Burdeg' Bordeaux .

Ordinance made with the assent and by the advice of the king's council, that all English merchants who bring corn to Bordeaux, before leaving England, should find sufficient security before the king in chancery that they would take that corn to the city, and not to any other places that are in the hands of the enemy; and also that with the money that they receive from the sale of the corn, they buy goods in the city to bring back to England, or they bring the money received back to England, necessary expenses excepted, within one year. It is ordered to the mayor and jurats to cause the ordinance to be observed, and certify the king in his chancery from time to time under the common seal of the city the names of all merchants bringing corn to that city.

The king has issued the ordinance because certain people of the city have complained to the king that certain merchants going there sell their merchandise, receiving gold and silver, but afterwards go to la Rochell' La Rochelle to buy wine, and that by doing this, the money that they spend there aids the king's French enemies, to the grave damage of the king and his city, they not buying there wine in the city, and not paying the customs and subsidies at the castle of Bordeaux as they were accustomed to do.

By K. and C.

6

4 July 1392 . The castrum Notynghaime castle of Nottingham . For deciding and determining of complaints and appeals.

To the archbishop of Bordeaux , 1 the abbots of Sancta Crux Sainte-Croix 2 and Sanctus Romanus de Blauia Saint-Romain-de-Blaye , Greylino, de Archambaud de Grailly, Bogio captal de Buch , Galhart [II] de Durfort, lord of Duracium Duras , Montefferrando Bertran [II] de Montferrand , and the deans of Saint-André 3 and Severinus Saint-Seurin , Delhuro Johan de Lhur, prior of the Sanctus Jacobus hospital of Saint-Jacques , 4 Master Podio Ramon-Guilhem de Puy , Master Fabo, de Pélegrin Dufau 5 and Bordili Johan du Bourdieu , 6 doctors in canon law and the laws, Riberia Pey de Ribère, licentiate of laws , 7 and Asta,de Bertran d'Aste, bachelor of both laws . 8

Commission of power to the archbishop and others, or at least three of them, to receive and hear all complaints, lawsuits and appeals made to the king as king of France in the duchy, and those parts, and i all of these, and all that emergences from them, or is dependent on them. They are to proceed in them, and do all things that are necessary in all of these according to the laws, fors and customs there, and the stile and course of the court of France, determining the cases, saving only those cases that touch the king personally. The king orders them to diligently attend to this, and orders all archbishops, bishops, abbots, dukes, counts, vicomtes, marquesses, barons, seneschals, mayors, prévôts, officials, ministers and other faithful subjects of the king, both noble and common, that they be intendant on and obey the archbishop, or at least the three or more of them acting in this capacity.

By K. and C.

1.
Francesco Uguccione .
2.
Amaniu de Lamothe, abbot from 1385 to 1412.
3.
Johan Embrun , dean of Saint-André from 1388 to 1423.
4.
Johan de Lhur is mentioned in the documents as prior of Saint-Jacques of Bordeaux between 1391 and 1400.
5.
A canon of Bordeaux (1387-c. 1399). On him (under the name of Peregrinus de Fabo ), see Lainé, F., Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae , 13, Diocèse de Bordeaux (Turnhout, 2012), p.368-9, no.457.
6.
A future canon of Bordeaux (from 1406). On him (under the name of Johannes Bordili ), see Lainé, F., Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae , 13, Diocèse de Bordeaux (Turnhout, 2012), p.343, no.241.
7.
A future canon of Bordeaux (from 1408). On him (under the name of Petrus Ripparie ), see Lainé, F., Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae , 13, Diocèse de Bordeaux (Turnhout, 2012), p.394, no.268.
8.
A future canon of Bordeaux (from 1406). On him (under the name of Bertrandus de Asta ), see Lainé, F., Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae , 13, Diocèse de Bordeaux (Turnhout, 2012), p.280, no.97.
7

22 September 1392 . Wodestok' Woodstock . For the transport of wheat and ale. 1

To all admirals etc.

Grant of a licence to Botkesham Robert de Bottisham of Lenn' Lynn , that he can take 400 quarters of wheat, and 40 tuns of ale, bought and loaded onto ships in the port of Lenn' Episcopi Lynn , the wheat going to Burdegal' Bordeaux or Baion' Bayonne , and the beer to Flanders, to trade with. Bottisham had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because Geoffrey de Somerton and Billyngford James de Billingford, of Norfolk , personally mainprised before the king in chancery, under the penalty of twice the value of the wheat and beer, that Bottisham would take the wheat and beer to those cities and place, and not anywhere else. It is ordered that Bottisham be permitted to take the wheat and beer to those cities and place, without any impediments, first paying the customs, subsidies and other dues to the king, any proclamations, ordinances or orders to the contrary notwithstanding.

1.
A note in the margin states ' extractus '.
8

7 October 1392 . Wodestok' Woodstock . For the transport of wheat. 1

To all admirals etc.

Grant of a licence to Tawesenario, de Guilhem-Arnaut de Tauzinar , that he can take 40 tuns of wheat loaded onto ships in the port of London , Sandewicum Sandwich or Sutht' Southampton , to Burdeg' Bordeaux , for his expenses. Tauzinar had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed. It is ordered that Guilhem-Arnaut be permitted to take the wheat to that city without any impediments, any ordinances or proclamtions to the contrary notwithstanding.

1.
A note in the margin states ' extractus '.
9

20 July 1392 . castrum de Wyndesore Windsor Castle . For Pey de Lafitte.

Order to John [of Gaunt], duke of Aquitaine and Lancaster , and the constable of Bordeaux, or their lieutenants, to put Fyte, la Pey de Lafitte of Baion' Bayonne , or his proctor in possession of the Arrusage mill of Aritxague in the Baion' prévôté of Bayonne , in the la Bourt baylie of Labourd , with its appurtenances, and maintain him in possession of the same removing all detainers of the same mill; he is to hold the mill in accordance with the grant of the same to him. On 6 January 1390, the king, by his special grace, and at the request of the earl of Huntingdon , granted the mill to Pey, which mill came into the king's hands after the death of the Arrusage lady of Aritxague , 1 the same mill not exceeding the value of 20 quarters of corn a year, as the king understands. Pey was to hold the same for his life from the king and his heirs, by the customary service, just as is more fully contained in the king's letters patent. 2

1.
Domenja du Pouy .
2.
For a related entry, see entry 33 .
10

22 July 1392 . Wyndesore Windsor . For Radegonde Béchet.

To the same.

Order to permit Radegonde Béchet to have and take the custom of the issac ( yssac ) in Burdeg' Bordeaux , and the fourth part, and the other three parts of the Burdeg' market of Bordeaux , with all the profits, emoluments, customs and revenues pertaining to the custom and market, according to the tenor of the king's letters. The king granted the custom to Radegonde for her life, on 7 June 1383 by his letters patent; and afterwards he granted the market to her for her life, on 6 March 1384 by his letters patent, the fourth part being in the king's hands, and the other three parts then in the hands of good men of Bordeaux. 1

1.
For the grant of the issac, see entry in C 61/96 . For the grant of the market, see entry in C 61/97 , though the date for this entry is given as 26 March 1384, and not the 6th as here. For related entries, see entry in C 61/97 , entry in C 61/98 , entry in C 61/98 .
11

7 July 1392 . The chastel de Notyngham castle of Nottingham . For the duke of Aquitaine and Lancaster.

[in French]

To the prelates, barons, mayor, jurats and commons of the city of Burdeux Bordeaux , and of the Burdeloys Bordelais , and to all other of the duchy of Aquitaine.

Signification, made at the request of the mayor, jurats and commons of the city of Bordeaux , for them and on behalf of the prelates, barons and others of Bordeaux and the Bordelais, that it was the king's intention to grant the duchy of Aquitaine to his uncle, John [of Gaunt], duke of Aquitaine and Lancaster ,and it was done by the advice of the king's council, according to the purport of the king's letters on this, and the king orders all those that have made their customary oath, that they obey and be duly intendant on the duke who holds the duchy for his lifetime, with certain reservations. To strengthen this the king has sealed the letters with his great seal.

The king granted the duchy, with the title, name and the isles pertaining to it, by the advice of the prelates, dukes, earls, barons, nobles and other lords assembled in full parliament, reserving to the king resort and sovereignty of the duchy as to the king of France, and ordered all his faithful subjects, prelates, barons, mayors, jurats, bayles, prévôts, justices and ministers, and all the commons of the cities, towns, fortresses and places there to obey the duke, and to swear oaths of allegiance, reserving only the resort and sovereignty, as appears by the king's letters. By virtue of this oaths of allegiance were sworn by the greater part to the duke for the term of his life, but with certain protests and reservations, namely by those who were annexed to the crown of England, who made their oaths without prejudice to their privileges, franchises, liberties, grants, gifts, assignments and grants made by the king or his progenitors. Others, the king has been informed, have claimed that the grant was not made by the king by his free will, so that a signification has been demanded of the king's grant to his uncle.

By K. and C.

12

24 July 1392 . castrum de Wyndesore Windsor Castle . For the transport of corn. 1

To all admirals etc.

Grant of a licence to Arnold Savage, kt , and John Blakeney , that they can take 400 quarters of wheat, loaded onto ships in the port of Dovorr' Dover or Sandewicum Sandwich , or other neighbouring ports, to Burdeg' Bordeaux or Baion' Bayonne . Savage and Blakeney had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because Seintleger Arnold Saint Leger of Kent , and Peter Silvestrede of the same county, mainprised before the king in chancery, under the penalty of twice the value of the corn, that Savage and Blakeney would take the corn to those cities, and not anywhere else unless obstructed by storms or piracy, and that they would bring letters into chancery under the seal of the mayor of Bordeaux or Bayonne , attesting that they had discharged the corn in accordance with their licence. It is ordered that Savage and Blakeney be permitted to take the corn to the cities without any impediments, first paying the customs, subsidies and other dues to the king, any proclamation to the contrary notwithstanding.

1.
A note in the margin states ' extractus '.
13

13 July 1392 . Bukyngham Buckingham . For the transport of hose. 1

To all admirals etc.

Grant of a licence to Crouk Thomas Crook , Flete Nicholas Fleet and Pulhare William Pullar that they can take 20 packs of hose ( caliga ) loaded onto ships by them and their servants in any port that pleases them in Dorset and Devon , to Burdeg' Bordeaux . Crook, Fleet and Pullar had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because they paid 2 marks. It is ordered that Crook, Fleet and Pullar be permitted to take the hose to the city, without any impediments, first paying the customs, subsidies and other dues to the king, any ordinances, proclamations or statutes to the contrary notwithstanding.

1.
A † is entered against this entry in the margin.

For the transport of wheat.

14

14 August 1392 . Doncastre Doncaster . 1

To all admirals etc.

Grant of a licence to Andrew Preston of London , vintner , that he can take 100 tuns of wheat loaded onto ships on the river Thamis' Thames , or in the port of Orwell , to Burdegal' Bordeaux or Baion' Bayonne . Preston had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because Rodyngton' Robert Rodington and Roger Mordon of London , personally mainprised before the king in chancery, under the penalty of twice the value of the wheat that Preston would take the wheat to either city in person and by his servants, and not anywhere else, and that he would bring letters into chancery under the seal of the mayor of Bordeaux or Bayonne , or another authentic seal attesting that he had discharged the wheat in accordance with his licence, and also that he will bring gold or other merchandise back to England before 25th March next. It is ordered that Preston be permitted to take the wheat to that city without any impediments, first paying the customs, subsidies and other dues to the king, any ordinance or proclamation to the contrary notwithstanding.

1.
A note in the margin states ' extractus '.
15

Same as above

The same Andrew [Preston] has similar letters patent for 100 tuns of wheat loaded in the Sandewicum port of Sandwich .

16

14 August 1392 . Doncastre Doncaster . For the royal right.

To archbishops, bishops, abbots, priors, deans, archdeacons, chancellors, precentor, prévôts, sacrists, prebends in cathedral churches or colleges and all other ecclesiastical persons in whatsoever dignity or office they are appointed, and also notaries public and whatsoever other lieges and faithful subjects within the duchy of Aquitaine.

Prohibition and order made to maintain the king's royal rights, and to put an end to the contempt and prejudice to the king and to Master Langbrok' William Langbrook , on whom the king has conferred the office of treasurer of the Wellen' cathedral church of Wells , from receiving any papal letters or anything else by which the king's royal rights or the effects of the king's collation are annulled, and by which Langbrook is able to be disturbed, or any execution attempted against him in contempt of the king's rights, and annulling Langbrook's possession of the same office. If anything has been done by any of them contrary to this, then it is to be revoked immediately.

The king lately conferred the office on Langbrook, and he still holds the position. However, the king now understands that by the machinations of one Beaucacus Rinaldo de Brancaccio, a cardinal of the Roman Church , plotting to impugn the king's rights, and to maliciously disturb Langbrook's collation and possession of the office unjustly, has begun several processes in the Roman curia against Langbrook, and has seen to it that letters, bulls, public instruments and many other things prejudicial to the king and his crown are prosecuted in the duchy, and is threatening to excommunicate Langbrook in contempt and prejudice of the king and annulling Langbrook's possession of the office. The king wishes to put an end to this and provide a remedy.

17

19 September 1392 . Wodestok' Woodstock . For a conduct for Shakel'.

To the seneschal, barons, mayors and all the king's ministers and their lieutenants, and the king's lieges in Aquitaine.

Letters of protection and safe-conduct for one year, for Shakel' John Shakell , his proctor, and his associates, with their servants, the king having received them into his protection and safe-keeping, Shakell and his associates going to Aquitaine on the king's business and their own. They are not to be arrested, taken or imprisoned in their bodies or distrained in their goods, and they are not to be troubled for any cause, recognizance or obligation while they reside in Aquitaine. They are to be maintained, protected and defended, and no injury, harm, violence, impediment or other harm is to be permitted to be done to him. If any forfeiture or injury has been suffered, then it is to be put right without delay. The king has ordered that everyone should be intendant on, aid and consult with them on the good expedition of their business.

By p.s.

For the transport of wheat.

18

12 September 1392 . Oxon' Oxford . 1

To all admirals, etc.

Grant of a licence to John Warenner , that he can take 60 tuns of wheat loaded onto ships in the ports of London , Sandewicum Sandwich or Cicestr' Chichester , to Burdeg' Bordeaux or Baion' Bayonne for the relief of the king's subjects there. Warenner had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because John Corner of London , salter , and Roger Stokes of London , wax chandler , mainprised before the king in chancery under the penalty of twice the value of the wheat that Warenner would take the wheat to those cities, and not anywhere else. It is ordered that Warenner be permitted to take the wheat to those cities without any impediments, first paying the customs, subsidies and other dues to the king, any ordinances, proclamations or prohibitions to the contrary notwithstanding.

1.
A note in the margin states ' extractus '.
19

21 September 1392 . Wodestok' Woodstock .

To the same.

Grant of a licence to Cantyran Johan Cantiran, king's esquire , that he can take 400 quarters of wheat bought in England, and loaded onto ships in whichever port by him or his deputies, to Burdeg' Bordeaux or Baion' Bayonne . Cantiran had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because Trayle John Trailly, kt , and Master Langebrok' William Langbrook , mainprised before the king in chancery under the penalty of twice the value of the wheat that Cantiran would take the wheat to those cities, and not to anywhere else. It is ordered that Cantiran or his deputies be permitted to take the wheat to those cities without any impediments, first paying the customs and other dues to the king, any ordinance to the contrary notwithstanding.

By p.s.

20

7 October 1392 . Wodestok' Woodstock . For examining.

Assignment to Langbrok' William Langbrook, constable of Bordeaux , to examine all manner of ships and other vessels loaded with cloth, corn and other goods and merchandise, brought from England to Bordeaux , and all cloth, corn, goods and merchandise that he finds that have not had a custom levied on them, or are uncocketed are to be arrested as forfeit, and the constable should certify the king of their value in the English chancery. The king wishes that the wages for the labour and expenses of the judges in the king's sovereign court for this, should be taken from the money issuing from the forfeitures, by the supervision of John Trailly, mayor of Bordeaux , and the remaining money should be answered for at the king's English exchequer.

21

12 December 1392 . Westm' Westminster . For transporting wheat. 1

To all admirals etc.

Grant of a licence to the prior of Roff' Rochester , that he can take 80 quarters of wheat loaded onto ships in the ports of Dovorr' Dover and Sandewicum Sandwich to Burdeg' Bordeaux or Baion' Bayonne . The prior had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because William Makenade of Kent , and John Chepstede of London , mainprised before the king in chancery under the penalty of twice the value of the wheat, that the prior would take the wheat to those cities, and not to anywhere else, in accordance with the grant made to him. It is ordered that the prior be permitted to take the wheat to those cities without any impediments, first paying the customs, subsidies and other dues to the king, any proclamation to the contrary notwithstanding.

1.
A note in the margin states ' extractus '.
22

20 December 1392 . The in Palacio nostro Westm' palace of Westminster . For Pélegrin Duviella, burgess of Bayonne.

To Sancto Johanno, de Bidau de Saint-Jean, alleged governor or vicar of Baion' Bayonne , the échevins, jurats and hundred peers of the city , and also the community of the same city.

Order that they are not to permit the legal case against Vyla, de Pélegrin Duviella, burgess of Bayonne , to proceed any further, or any execution of sentence to be made against him, pending the discussion of his appeal, and they are to restore all his lands, tenements, mansions and possessions, and all his goods and merchandise arrested after the making of his appeal, without making any difficulty. They are not to omit doing this under penalty of the forfeiture of their bodies, goods and inheritances, moveable and immoveable.

A complaint has been made on behalf of Pélegrin, showing that though he had held the office of mayor of Bayonne for a year by the authority of the king, and by the king's uncle, the duke of Aquitaine , he was removed from the office unlawfully, and afterwards the community appointed Bidau as governor and vicar. After this the procurator of the city, accused Pélegrin for certain acts and articles that he did whilst he was mayor, and Bidau, the community and the procurator, unjustly took many of his goods into their hands against the form of the laws and fors used in the city. In response to the harms and injuries that he had sustained, an appeal was made to the king on his behalf, just as appears by a public instrument shown before the king, but Bidau and the others did not desist from arresting Pélegrin's lands, tenements, mansions and possessions, and all his other goods and merchandise after the appeal to his perpetual damage and destruction. Pélegrin requests a remedy. 1

1.
For related entries, see entry 24 , entry 25 , entry in C 61/104 , entry in C 61/104 , entry in C 61/106 , entry in C 61/106 and entry in C 61/107 .
23

30 April 1393 . Westm' Westminster . For transporting wheat. 1

To all admirals etc.

Grant of a licence to Fraunceys Johan Frances, Burdegal' burgess of Bordeaux , that he can take 1,000 quarters of wheat bought in England in person and by his servants, and 500 quarters, loaded onto ships at Sanctus Botolphus Boston , and another 500 quarters of wheat loaded onto ships in the port of Lenn' Lynn , to Baion' Bayonne or Burdeg' Bordeaux , to trade with. Frances had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because Aileward Thomas Ailward, clerk , and Aileward Richard Ailward of Sanctus Botolphus Boston , mainprised before the king in chancery under the penalty of twice the value of the wheat, that Frances would take the wheat to those cities, and not to anywhere else, and that he would bring letters into chancery under an authentic seal attesting that he had discharged the wheat in accordance with his licence. It is ordered that Frances be permitted to take the wheat to those cities without any impediments, first paying the customs due to the king, any proclamations, ordinances to the contrary notwithstanding.

1.
A note in the margin states ' extractus '.
24

27 December 1392 . The manor of Eltham . For Pélegrin Duviella, burgess of Bayonne.

Commitment to the Aquen' bishop of Dax , 1 Montandre Guillaume de Montendre, kt , Prioreto, de Bernat de Prieret, prior of the Sanctus Spiritus hospital of Saint-Esprit at the chief bridge of Dax , and Master Prioreto, de Pey de Prieret, clerk of Dax , of full power to understand, proceed and determine the appeal of Vyla, de Pélegrin Duviella, burgess of Bayonne , 2 and to do full justice to him in accordance with the laws, uses, fors and customs before this time used in the city by the mayors there. The king orders that two at least of them diligently attend to this, and the king wishes that if any of them begins the case but is unable to continue, the others are able to continue it. The king has ordered that all vicomtes, mayors, échevins, jurats, hundred peers and other officers, ministers, liege and faithful subjects there to be intendant on, answer, consult with, aid and obey the bishop and others in this matter.

Pélegrin held the office of mayor of Bayonne for a year by the authority of the king, and by the king's uncle, the duke of Aquitaine , but he was removed from the office unlawfully, and afterwards the community appointed a governor and vicar. After this the procurator of the city, accused Pélegrin for certain acts and articles that he had done whilst he was mayor, and the governor, the community and the procurator, unjustly took many of his goods into their hands against the form of the laws and fors used in the city. In response to the harms and injuries that he had sustained, an appeal was made to the king on his behalf, just as appears by a public instrument shown before the king, and the king wishes justice to be done to Pélegrin. 3

By p.s.

1.
Juan Gutiérez (d. 1393). .
2.
Pélegrin Duviella was mayor of Bayonne between April 1391 and April 1392. In September 1392 there was a sentence pronounced against him. See the Livre des Établissements , Archives municipales de Bayonne, ed. E. Dulaurens (Bayonne, 1892), pp. 356-7, no. 395. And Balasque, J. et Dulaurens, É., Études historiques sur la ville de Bayonne , III (Bayonne, 1875), p. 405-7.
3.
For related entries, see entry , entry 25 , entry in C 61/104 , entry in C 61/104 , entry in C 61/106 , entry in C 61/106 and entry in C 61/107 .
25

1 February 1393 . Wynton' Winchester . For the same for protection.

To all captains, castellans, seneschals, vicomtes, mayors, échevins, jurats, hundred peers, procurators, bayles, ministers and other faithful subjects in the duchy of Aquitaine

Letters of protection for one year, granted to Vyla, de Pélegrin de Duviella , his wife, children, household and servants, and also his goods, property, inheritance and possessions, moveable and immoveable, as the king, wishing to grant Duviella's request for protection, has received him into his protection and safe-keeping. Duviella has, as above, and the king has committed the hearing of the appeal to certain commissioners, just as more fully appears in his letters patent. Now Duviella fears that both he and his wife and his children, household and servants, on occasion of his prosecution will suffer physical damage, and injury to their goods, property, inheritance and possessions by the procurement of certain of his enemies, and he has requested remedy. They are to be maintained, protected and defended, and no one is to be permitted to injure harm, damage or impede them in their persons, goods, property, inheritance or possessions, goods or merchandise. If anything has been forfeit, or injury done contrary to this, it is to be put right without delay. 1

1.
For related entries, see entry , entry 24 , entry in C 61/104 , entry in C 61/104 , entry in C 61/106 , entry in C 61/106 and entry in C 61/107 .

For the transport of wheat.

26

28 February 1393 . Westm' Westminster . 1

To all admirals etc.

Grant of a licence to Seneschus, Garcy Sancho García and Riho, de Martin del Río , merchants of Castro [Urdiales] in Castile , that they can take 80 tuns of wheat bought within England, and loaded onto ships in the port of London by them and their servants, to Spain to trade with. García and Río had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed with the advice of his council, and because Edmund Bys of London , stockfishmonger , and Arnaut-Guilhem de Sesze of London , vintner , mainprised before the king in chancery under the penalty of twice the value of the wheat, that García and Río would take the wheat there, and not to anywhere else, and that they would bring letters into chancery attesting that they had discharged the wheat in accordance with their licence. It is ordered that García and Río be permitted to take the wheat to Castro [Urdiales] without any impediments, first paying the customs, subsidies and other dues to the king, any ordinances, proclamations or orders to the contrary notwithstanding.

By C.

1.
A note in the margin states ' extractus '.
27

1 March 1393 . Westm' Westminster .

To all admirals etc.

Grant of a licence to Lescrop' William Scrope, kt , that he can take 100 tuns of wheat bought by his servants in Kent , and loaded onto a certain ship by his servants in the Sandewicum port of Sandwich , to Baion' Bayonne , and there discharge the same, taking 50 tuns to the castle of Mauléon , and the other 50 tuns to the Fronsak castle of Fronsac for the victualling of those castles. Scrope requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed, and has ordered that Scrope be permitted to take the wheat to Bayonne, discharge it there, and take it to the two castles, without paying any customs or subsidies to the king, and without any impediment, any ordinances, prohibitions or proclamations to the contrary notwithstanding.

28

6 March 1393 . Westm' Westminster . 1

To the same.

Grant of a licence to John Drewe of Lenn' Lynn , that he can take 160 tuns of wheat bought and loaded onto ships in the port of Lynn by Drewe and his servants, to Burdeg' Bordeaux , Baion' Bayonne or Portugalie Portugal to trade with. Drewe had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because John Staple and Tyndale William Tindale of Norfolk , mainprised before the king in chancery under the penalty of twice the value of the wheat, that Drewe would take the wheat to those places, and not to anywhere else, and that he would bring letters into chancery attesting that he had discharged the wheat in accordance with his licence. It is ordered that Drewe be permitted to take the wheat to those places, first paying the customs, subsidies and other dues to the king, any proclamations, ordinances or orders to the contrary notwithstanding.

1.
A note in the margin states ' extractus '.
29

15 March 1393 . Westm' Westminster . 1

To the same.

Grant of a licence to Richard Kent of Tiryngton' Terrington , that he can take in person or by his servants 140 tuns of wheat loaded onto ships in the Lenn' port of Lynn to Burdeg' Bordeaux or Baion' Bayonne for the sustenance of the king's faithful subjects there. Kent had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because Barnardcastell' Thomas Barnard Castle, clerk , and Sunderassh' John Sundridge, clerk , of Cambridgeshire , mainprised personally in chancery that Kent would take the wheat to those cities, and not anywhere else, and that he would bring letters of the mayor of either city into chancery attesting that he had discharged the wheat in accordance with his licence. It is ordered that Kent be permitted to take the wheat to those cities without any impediments, first paying the customs, subsidies and dues to the king, any orders of the king to them to the contrary notwithstanding.

1.
A note in the margin states ' extractus '.
30

7 April 1393 . The manor of Eltham . 1

To the same.

Grant of a licence to John Russell of Coventre Coventry , merchant , that he can take 60 tuns of beans, bought by him and his servants in England, and loaded onto ships in the Bristoll' port of Bristol to Baion' Bayonne . Russell had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because William Russell of London , vintner , and William Woodlene of Herefordshire , personally mainprised in chancery under penalty of twice the value of the beans, that Russell would take the beans to Bayonne, and not to anywhere else, and that he would bring letters under an authentic seal into chancery attesting that he had discharged the wheat in accordance with his licence, etc. as above mutatis mutandis .

By p.s.

1.
A note in the margin states ' extractus '.
31

13 March 1393 . Westm' Westminster . For protection.

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for one year, for William, son of John de Scolehall , who is staying in Aquitaine, in the king's service.

By bill of p.s.

32

22 April 1393 . Westm' Westminster . For safe-conduct.

To John [of Gaunt], duke of Aquitaine and Lancaster , or his lieutenant, or the seneschal of Aquitaine, and the mayor and Baion' constable of Bayonne , or their lieutenants, and all other seneschals, mayors, jurats, prévôts, officers, ministers and other faithful and liege subjects there.

Letters of protection, granted to Fite Pey de Lafitte of Bayonne , and his wife and children, and also his men, household, servants, lands, tenements, lodgings, houses, mills, livestock, goods, property, chattels and possessions, as the king has received him into his protection and safe-keeping. He is to be maintained, protected and defended. The protection is to be publicly proclaimed, and as a sign of the safe-guard, the king's pennon is to be placed on his lands, tenements, lodgings, houses, mills and possessions so that no-one has an excuse for contravening the protection. One or several royal serjeants are to be provided for Lafitte at his own costs.

33

2 May 1393 . Westm' Westminster . For Pey de Lafitte.

Order to John [of Gaunt], duke of Aquitaine and Lancaster , or his lieutenant, or the seneschal of Aquitaine, that they commit sufficient power to the seneschal of the Landes , the prévôt and the mayor of Bayonne and all officers and servants there to summon Byendos Pey de Brindos, late Burdo bayle of the land of Labourd , and Johana [de Saint-Pée], Saint-Pey de Varryn lady of the hall of Saint-Pée , and their proctors, before them, and diligently hear and examine the arguments, evidence and rights of them and also of Fyte, la Pey de Lafitte of Bayonne , and his proctors, concerning the Arrusage mill of Aritxague in the prévôté of Bayonne within the la Bourt baylie of Labourd , and if they find that Lafitte was expelled from the mill, then they are to restore him to the full and pristine possession of the same mill, with the fruits taken from the same, and defend him in the same, removing all those who detain the mill, doing full and speedy justice, according to the fors, laws and customs there, and so that no complaint comes to the king again. The king orders all the parties, and all others who have an interest, to obey the seneschal of the Landes, prévôt and mayor without any difficulty.

On 6 January 1390, the king, by his special grace, and at the request of the earl of Huntingdon , granted the mill of Aritxague to Pey de Lafitte, which mill came into the king's hands after the death of the Arrusage lady of Aritxague 1 without heirs, the same mill not exceeding the value of 20 quarters of corn a year. Pey was to hold the same for his life from the king and his heirs, by the customary service. By a writ, the king ordered the duke and constable of Bordeaux, and their lieutenants to put Lafitte or his proctor in possession. Now Lafitte has complained that though he was put in possession of the mill, and continued in possession of the same until Brindos unjustly expelled him from the mill in favour of Johana [de Saint-Pée], the lady of the hall of Saint-Pée, by virtue of an order from the judges of Bordeaux, and detain him from the same, and he requests remedy for the recovery of the mill. 2

1.
Domenja du Pouy .
2.
For related entries, see entry 9 & entry in C 61/104 .
34

24 April 1393 . Westm' Westminster . For the hearing of an appeal.

To Franciscus Francesco[Uguccione], archbishop of Bordeaux , Master Guilhem de Burgar and Master Johan Maop , bachelors of law, Master Rivera Pey de Ribère, licentiate in the law , Lhuro, de Johan de Lhur, prior of the hospital of Saint-Jacques 1 and Pey Ambaud, canon of Saint-André , Bordeaux . 2

Commitment of full power to at least three of them, of whom the archbishop is to be one, to call the parties in the appeal between Ranulphus Raol de Corun , burgess of Burdeg' Bordeaux , appellant, and Gofridus Geoffroi and Alain de Gales , merchants of Britannia Brittany , defendants, before them, examine the legal case, both the appeal and the principal business, proceed in the case according to the laws, fors and customs in Aquitaine, and determine the case, doing full and speedy justice to the parties. It is ordered to them, one of whom should be the archbishop, to diligently attend to this business, so that Corun has no reason to complain to the king or his council in England for default of justice.

In an appeal case before Masters Podio, de Ramon-Guilhem de Puy, bachelor in canon law , Fabo, de Pélegrin Dufau, doctor in canon law , Johan Embrun, licentiate in canon law , Dasta Bertran d'Aste, bachelor in laws and canon law , and Bordili, de Johan du Bourdieu, doctor of law , justices of the king's sovereign court of Aquitaine, between Corun the appellant, and Geoffroi and Alain de Gales, defendants, it was asserted by Corun that the judges unjustly imposed an unnecessary oath on him to verify an objection of his which was clearly proved, and without hearing evidence rejected his defence or objections that he had brought before them concerning the quashing of certain proceedings and judgments given before the mayor of Bordeaux and then before the court of Gascony concerning which Corun appealed to the king in a public instrument drawn up and signed by Albericus Aubry de Crespy, public notary , and Corun requests remedy.

By p.s.

1.
Johan de Lhur is mentioned in the documents as prior of Saint-Jacques of Bordeaux between 1391 and 1400.
2.
A canon of Bordeaux (1387-1396). On him (under the name of Petrus Embaudi ), see Lainé, F., Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae , 13, Diocèse de Bordeaux (Turnhout, 2012), p.381-2, no.165.

For the transport of wheat.

35

16 May 1393 . Westm' Westminster .

To all admirals etc.

Grant of a licence to Toupe John Toope and William Bricheham , that they can take 400 quarters of wheat bought in England, and loaded onto ships in Sanctus Botolphus Boston and Lenn' Lynn , to Burdeg' Bordeaux or Baion' Bayonne to trade with. Toope and Bricheham had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because Nicholas Leveson of Staffordshire , and Roger Lowe of the same county , personally mainprised before the king in chancery under the penalty of twice the value of the wheat, that Toope and Bricheham would take the wheat to those cities, and not to anywhere else, and that they would bring letters into chancery within a year under an authentic seal attesting that they had discharged the wheat in accordance with their licence. It is ordered that Toope and Bricheham be permitted to take the wheat to those cities without any impediments, first paying the customs, subsidies and other dues to the king, any ordinances, proclamations or orders to the contrary notwithstanding.

36

22 May 1393 . Westm' Westminster . 1

To the same.

Grant of a licence to Ruyne, de Laurens d'Iruin, merchant of Baion' Bayonne , that he can take 400 quarters of wheat loaded onto ships in the port of London , to Baion' Bayonne for the sustenance of the king's faithful subjects there. Iruin had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because Merlowe Richard Marlow and Geoffrey Bacon , citizens and fishmongers of London, mainprised personally in chancery under the penalty of twice the value of the wheat, that Iruin would take the wheat to Bayonne, and not to anywhere else, and that he would bring letters into chancery within a year under an authentic seal attesting that he had discharged the wheat in accordance with his licence. It is ordered that Iruin be permitted to take the wheat to Bayonne, first paying the customs, subsidies and other dues to the king, any orders to the contrary notwithstanding.

1.
A note in the margin states ' extractus '.
37

8 June 1393 . Westm' Westminster .

To the same.

Grant of a licence to John Edgarston , that he can take 120 tuns of wheat loaded onto ships in the port of London , to Burdeg' Bordeaux or Baion' Bayonne for the sustenance of the king's subjects there. Edgarston had requested that the king grant this, and the king agreed because John Warner and Havelok' Robert Havelock , citizens of London, mainprised before the king in chancery under the penalty of twice the value of the wheat, that Edgarston would take the wheat to either of those cities, and not to anywhere else, and that he would bring letters into chancery within a year of the mayor of either city attesting that he had discharged the wheat in accordance with his licence, etc., as above mutatis mutandis .

38

8 June 1393 . Westm' Westminster . For the power to grant safe-conducts.

Commission to Galhart [II] de Durfort, lord of Duras and Blankefort Blanquefort , John Trailly, mayor of Bordeaux , William Elmham, kt , and Caupen Ramon-Guilhem de Caupenne, called [the] Bourc , 1 or at least two of them, of full power to grant under their seals, letters of safe and secure conduct, and safe-guard and protection, for terms that they consider expedient to French people, both secular and ecclesiastic, of whatever status, condition, honour or pre-eminence, whom the king's adversary of France, sends for the reform of crimes against the form of the truce which have been perpetrated throughout the king's realm, lordships, districts and jurisdictions. The king wishes that these letters should have the same strength as letters under the king's seal, and the king promises to confirm what they have done.

By K. and C.

1.
Bourc meant bastard in Gascon. He was in fact the 'Borc Anglès' (the English bastard) and had been a routier captain of the important routier garrison of the castle of Carlat until 1390.
39

11 June 1393 . The en notre Paloys de Westm' palace of Westminster . For safe-conducts.

[in French]

To all constables, marshals, admirals, vice-admirals, captains, stewards, provosts and other justices, castellans and keepers of castles, towns, farms and other fortresses, of bridges, ports and passages, and the king's other officers or their lieutenants, and all the king's other subjects, friends, allies, well-wishers and adherents.

Letters of protection until Michaelmas next, granted to two French knights, one clerk, 40 men-at-arms and ten crossbowmen, with their servants, households, horses, money, equipment and other goods as the king has received them into his safe-conduct, protection and safe-keeping in coming and going, by sea and land, to Aquitaine and returning to France as often as they wish within the term. A truce has been lately made between the king's people and commissaries, and the people and commissaries of the adversary of France, at a meeting lately held in Pycardie Picardy , and enduring for a certain term. The king understands that his adversary of France has decided to send those knights, clerk, men-at-arms and crossbowmen to put right anything done against the truce in the parts of Aquitaine. It is ordered that the knights and others be permitted to peacefully pass, reside together or separately, in connection with the putting right of things done against the truce, without fraud or trickery, and not permitting anything to be done to them by arrest, marque or reprisal.

By K. and C.

40

Same as above For putting right things attempted contrary to the truce.

[in French]

To Galhart [II] de Durfort, lord of Duras and Blanqefort Blanquefort , Traly John Trailly, mayor of Bordeaux , William Elmham, kt , and Caupen Ramon-Guilhem de Caupenne, called Bourc , 1 Masters Johan de Pygeoles , clerk , Fau, de Pélegrin Dufau, canon , Dasta Bertran d'Aste, official , and Taudyner Guilhem-Arnaut de Taudinar, Burdeux clerk of Bordeaux .

Grant to Durfort and the others, of full power to deal with breaches of the truce, and ordering them, or at least two of them, to meet in force with the commissaries and envoys of the adversary of France concerning the repair of the truce lately made between the king and his adversary, and go to the captains and garrisons on the frontiers, and there promptly and without delay restore the places, fortalices, people and beasts that they find have been taken by either side against the purport of the truce, and put right all damage done by either side, settling all quarrels with justice. They are to charge the king's subjects to make these restorations and to put right the damages without any difficulty, but if any of those subjects are disobedient, they are to be banished from the realm and the lordship of Aquitaine, and they are to proceed against them in any way. They are to order the king's subjects not to give aid to the rebels, but to bring them to justice. Durfort and the others are to replace all inadequate keepers, and to cause the captains and garrisons in the king's country to hold and keep the truce. All officers, counts, vicomtes, barons, knights, captains, men-at-arms and other liege men of Aquitaine are ordered to obey and give council to Durfort and the others in their execution of this business.

The king has understood by the complaint made to him by the party of France, that certain captains and men-at-arms, who are the king's lieges and subjects of Aquitaine, have taken many places and fortalices, and people and beasts of the French party, and committed many other damages against the purport of the present truce made between the king and his French adversary, about which the king is greatly displeased.

By K. and C.

1.
Bourc meant bastard in Gascon. He was in fact the 'Borc Anglès' (the English bastard) and had been a routier captain of the important routier garrison of the castle of Carlat until 1390.