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C 61/139 31 Henry VI (1452-53)

Introduction.

With the turbulence of the preceding years which had seen English rule in Normandy end in 1450, that in Aquitaine severely eroded, and Bordeaux fall to the armies of Charles VII in June 1451, contemporaries could be forgiven for believing that the Hundred Years War was at an end, and English rule in its lordships on the continent had been extinguished, except for the small enclave of Calais. However, the year covered by roll 139, the period 1 September 1452 to 31 August 1353, was to see that English strength was not quite spent. 1

Since the French invasion of 1442 leading to the Journee de Tartas, English support had rapidly eroded. Faced with the strength of the French armies sent to Aquitaine, those still loyal to the Anglo-Gascon cause were either forced into accommodation or exile. With generous pensions offered to the nobility by Charles VII for their obedience and loyalty, it is understandable why so many deserted the Anglo-Gascon cause. However, not all Gascons were prepared to give up on the cause. It has been shown that a strong body of exiles in England, and malcontents, particularly in Bordeaux, were actively plotting with the English for their return. On 23 October 1452 Bordeaux was recaptured by a large English army under the leadership of John Talbot, earl of Shrewsbury, who had been appointed lieutenant in the duchy by Henry VI on 1 September 1452. 2 The recovery of Bordeaux allowed the English with their Gascon allies to enjoy a measure of success recovering much of the Bordelais, before the defeat of the army and the death of Talbot at Castillon on 17 July 1453. Although the final surrender of Bordeaux on 19 October 1453, was to fall in the next regnal year, Talbot’s defeat effectively ended any possibility of a revival of English fortunes.

The roll itself, as has been noted above, began at a time when the duchy of Aquitaine was entirely under the control of the French. As Malcolm Vale has shown, the French did not fear any English attempt to recover Bordeaux and the duchy, but rather expected an expeditionary force to descend on Normandy. However the roll clearly indicates that the English had by the beginning of the regnal year, already made the decision to make an attempt to recover the duchy, as can be shown by the appointment of Talbot as the king’s lieutenant in the duchy on 1 September 1452. 3 A substantial part of the roll is taken up by protections granted to those accompanying Talbot and his retainers, or going out subsequently to join him. 4

With the recapture of Bordeaux, the king was able to begin to reward Gascons who had remained loyal, and some English as well from offices that were again in the king’s gift, or from lands that had been recovered, or were expected shortly to be so. Unsurprisingly amongst those who were amongst the most prominent recipients were those close to Pey du Taste, dean of Saint-Seurin in Bordeaux, who had come to England in 1449 and had become a member of the king’s council there. Guilhem Pineau, servant of the dean, received the lands of Tiran, Bernones and Bussac, amongst other things on 1 September 1452, 5 whilst Pey de Sauterisse, another servant, was initially rewarded with the office of bayle of Sorde, then received a grant of the tithes of Saint-Paul for Saint-Paul-lès-Dax, which had formerly been Bernat de Cauna’s, both on 1 September 1452, and finally received a grant of the writing office of the judge appellate of Gascony and the Ombrière of Bordeaux on 21 March 1453. 6 Another servant of the dean, Johan Gaucem, was appointed one of the king’s moneyers in the duchy, though the appointment on 16 July 1453, just a day before the catastrophic defeat at Castillon, meant that he had no opportunity to take up the office. 7 Other provision had to be made for Loys Despoy, kt, another prominent Gascon who had chosen exile, but who unlike Pey du Taste planned to return to the duchy, because an initial grant of the lands of Gensac and Blaignac, had to be replaced because the king needed to pass these to the count of Longueville, captal de Buch, on 5 September 1452. The lawyer Guy Alford who had lost much of his goods with the loss of Normandy, was rewarded with the office of procurator fiscal in the duchy. 8 The good service of Binsens de Saint-André, esquire, Isarn de Lavergne, esquire, Johan de Saint-Jean, and Pey Baquer all benefited from grants of land or offices. 9 The grants to the English were far less evenly spread, with George Swillington, who though described as the king’s servant and esquire, was actually a servant of Edward Hull, the long serving constable of Bordeaux, monopolising grants. 10 The only other grant of note can be discerned through an order to the abbot and convent of Sainte-Croix in Bordeaux to admit John Skelton to a corrody in the abbey. 11

As we have already seen, several offices were granted to individuals for their loyalty and good service. But, with the restoration of English authority and the administration at Bordeaux, the task of government required that the important offices be refilled. Henry Redford, kt, was appointed mayor of Bordeaux on 5 December 1452. 12 Another grant was the appointment of John Talbot, viscount Lisle, one of the sons of the earl, was appointed leader of the army being sent out to reinforce the earl in the duchy in March 1453. 13

To a certain degree normal business still continued on the roll. There are several licences and protections granted to merchants wishing to go to the duchy and trade. The king confirmed grants made by the earl of Shrewsbury to Thomas Talbot, esquire, and Baldwin Fulford, kt. 14 And Johan de Caupenne, lord of Cantermerle, and his associates were pardoned for the deaths of two of their enemies. 15 One final entry of interest, though it was cancelled because it was entered on the French Roll as well, records the protection and safe-conduct for one year granted to Jean Melin, Alain Genet and Jacquemet le Texier, all of Brittany, and prisoners of William Bonneville, kt, to enter and leave England as often as they liked, trading their goods and buying others to take home. Although it is not specifically spelled out, it is clear that this licence was being granted to permit these individuals, presumably traders, to raise their ransoms through this safe-conduct to trade between England and Brittany. 16

Simon J. Harris.

1.
For a thorough discussion of the final years of English rule in Aquitaine, see Vale, M.G.A., 'The Last Years of English Gascony, 1451-1453', Transactions of the Royal Historical Society , Fifth Ser., 19 (1969), pp. 119-138; & idem , English Gascony 1399-1453: A Study of War, Government and Politics during the later stages of the Hundred Years' War , (Oxford, 1970), especially chapter IV, pp. 114-131.
2.
See entry .
3.
entry . This was followed by an assignment of extensive powers to Talbot on 2 September: entry
4.
The protections all date from 1453, and are predominantly for those serving with the leading captains either in Aquitaine, or going out to reinforce him in March 1453, namely the earl of Shrewsbury himself, John Talbot, viscount Lisle, Robert Hungerford, lord Moleyns, and Roger Camoys, lord Camoys. One protection was for Bartholomew Cowper, a London draper accompanying Bidau de Bielle, a Gascon esquire in the king;s service ( entry ). Two other protections appear to be erroneously entered on this Gascon roll for they are protections for service with Thomas Findern, lieutenant of the castle of Guines, and Edmund Beaufort, duke of Somerset, and captain of Calais ( entry 50 , entry 70 ).
5.
entry 18 .
6.
entry 22 , entry 20 , entry 42 .
7.
entry 67 .
8.
entry , entry 35 .
9.
entry , entry 5 , entry 7 , entry 9 .
10.
entry , entry 11 , entry 24 .
11.
entry 40 .
12.
entry .
13.
entry . The viscount was to die alongside his father at Castillon.
14.
entry 37 , entry 68 .
15.
entry 38 .
16.
entry 61 .

For George Swillington.

1

1 September 1452 . Westm' Westminster .

Grant by letters patent, by the king's special grace to Swillyngton' George Swillington, the king's servant and esquire , in consideration of his good service in the realm of France, and the king's duchies of Normandy and Aquitaine, and similarly in England, of the lordship, lands and tenements called Nonvales, Navalhes Navailles in the seneschalcy of the Landes. To hold the same to Swillington and his heirs in perpetuity without rendering anything to the king or his heirs, notwithstanding that no mention is made of the true annual value of the lordship, lands and tenements, or of other goods and grants made by the king to Swillington, according to the form of the statutes, or of any statute, ordinance or act made before this time.

By p.s.

2

Same as above

And it is ordered to the seneschal of Aquitaine and the constable of Bordeaux, or their lieutenants, and the procurator fiscal of the duchy, to put George [Swillington] in possession of the lordships, lands and tenements [of Navailles].

For Binsens de Saint-André.

3

1 September 1452 . Westm' Westminster .

Grant by the king's special grace to Bincentus, Saintaind' Binsens de Saint-André , esquire , originating in the duchy of Aquitaine, in consideration of his service to the king, and so that he can continue in that service, of the goods, hereditaments and possessions of Forenus, Cantelop' Fortaner 1 de Canteloup and Gassier Johan Gassie , the king's enemies, hold, and also all the lands, hereditaments, rents, issues and possessions which were Saint-André's father's, together with a third part of the Debruel lordship of Breuil 2 which are held by the present lord of Gramont , 3 the king's enemy. To be held by Saint-André for the term of his life up to the value of 50 l.st. . On behalf of Saint-André [it has been shown] how he and his predecessors served the king in the war, and when the duchy was lately surrendered into the hands of the king's enemies, how he remained faithful, and was forced to relinquish his goods, possessions and hereditaments, and was taken prisoner when, to obtain his freedom and pay his ransom he was forced to sell a good part of his goods, rents, houses, meadows, mills and other hereditaments and possessions to Canteloup and Gassie.

By p.s.

1.
Forenus is obviously a distortion of Fortanerus .
2.
Francès de Gramont paid homage to a lord of Lesparre for this lordship of Médoc (com. Cissac-Médoc). See Archives Départementales de la Gironde (ADG), 4 J 801.
3.
Francès de Gramont (d. 1462) who went over to the French on 7 April 1443. See see Jaurgain, J. de and Ritter, R., La Maison de Gramont, 1040-1967 , vol. 1 (Lourdes, 1968), p. 73.
4

Same as above

And it is ordered to the king's lieutenant in the duchy, the seneschal of the duchy, the constable of Bordeaux, or their lieutenants, and the procurator fiscal of the duchy to deliver to Binsens [de Saint-André] the possession of the goods, hereditaments and possessions of Fortaner [de Canteloup] and Johan [Gassie] , those of Saint-André's father and the lord [of Gramont]. 1

1.
Francès de Gramont .

For Isarn [de] Lavergne.

5

1 September 1452 . Westm' Westminster .

Grant by the king's special grace to la Vernha Isarn de Lavergne, esquire , originating in the duchy of Aquitaine, he having lost all his goods and services in the duchy to the king's enemies and rebels for his obedience to the king, and for his service in the wars in the duchy and elsewhere, of the place and lordship of Vertuth' Vertheuil in Médoc with all its appurtenances, up to the value of 34 l.st. a year, which place and lordship the lord of la Brit Albret , 1 the king's enemy and rebel holds; and he is also to have 40 l.st. each year, for life, to be paid by the constable of Bordeaux from the Umbrarie castle of the Ombrière .

By p.s.

1.
Charles II d'Albret (d. 1471), lord of Albret from 1415 to 1471.
6

Same as above

And it is ordered to the king's lieutenant in the duchy, the seneschal of the duchy, the constable of Bordeaux, or their lieutenants, and the procurator fiscal of the duchy to deliver to Isarn de Lavergne the place and lordship [of Vertheuil ], and of the 40 l.st.

For Johan Saint-Jean.

7

1 September 1452 . Westm' Westminster .

Grant by the king's special grace to Saint John' Johan de Saint-Jean , originating in the city of Baion' Bayonne , for his service to the king, of the castellany of Borc Bourg , for the term of his life.

8

Same as above

And it is ordered to the king's lieutenant in the duchy, the seneschal of the duchy, the constable of Bordeaux, or their lieutenants, and the procurator fiscal of the duchy to deliver to Johan [de Saint-Jean] the castellany [of Bourg].

For Pey Baquer.

9

1 September 1452 . Westm' Westminster .

Grant for life by the king's special grace to Baquey Pey Baquer , originating in the duchy of Aquitaine, so that he can continue in the king's service, of the office executory and the office of Burdonage , 1 which are held by Daguille Bidon d'Aiguille , the king's enemy. The king further grants to him for life the superior writing office of the Burdegal' castle of Bordeaux . Baquer has served the king for a long time, and because he has faithfully continued in the king's service has had to give up his moveable goods and hereditaments on account of the surrender of the duchy into the hands of the king's enemies.

By p.s.

1.
This name is derived from the Gascon bordon (French: bourdon) which is a pilgrim's staff. The bordenage was a tax levied on pilgrims crossing the river Garonne at Bordeaux.
10

Same as above

And it is ordered to the king's lieutenant in the duchy, the seneschal of the duchy, the constable of Bordeaux, or their lieutenants, and the procurator fiscal of the duchy to deliver to Pey [Baquer] the offices and writing office .

11

9 September 1452 . Westm' Westminster . For George Swillington.

Grant by the king's special grace to Swilyngton' George Swillington, the king's servant and esquire , of all manner of offices, lands, possessions, rents and wages, both those which he had in the duchy of Aquitaine, and those which he had by the king's letters, and by the letters of John [Holand], late duke of Exon' Exeter , late the king's lieutenant in the duchy . He is to hold the same in the same way that he held them before the surrender of the duchy into the hands of the king's enemies, and to hold the same to Swillington and his heirs in perpetuity without rendering anything to the king or his heirs, notwithstanding that no mention is made of the true annual value of the offices, lands, possessions, rents and wages with their appurtenances, nor in the aforesaid letters in the presents, or of any statute, ordinance or act made before this time. It has been shown to the king on Swillington's behalf that various offices, lands and possessions were granted to him in the duchy by letters patent of the king and the duke when he was lieutenant, and these were lost when the duchy was surrendered, and he was taken prisoner by the enemies, and will finally lose the same unless the king shows him grace.

By K., and of the date etc.

For Pey Baquer.

12

10 September 1452 . Westm' Westminster .

Grant for life by the king's special grace to Baquey Pey Baquer , originating in the duchy of Aquitaine, so that he can continue in the king's service, of the office of keeper of the papers of dead notaries, and the executory writing office of the Umbrarie castle of the Ombrière . Baquer has served the king both in his wars and in other ways, since before he came of age ( ab infancia sua ), and has now been forced to give up all his goods because of the surrender of the duchy into the hands of the king's enemies against God, justice and reason.

By K. and of the date etc.

13

Same as above

And it is ordered to the king's lieutenant in the duchy, the seneschal of the duchy, the constable of Bordeaux, or their lieutenants, and the procurator fiscal of the duchy to deliver to Pey [Baquer] the keepership, and the executory writing office.

Concerning a licence [granted to Henry] May.

14

14 September 1452 . Westm' Westminster .

Licence, to Henry May , owner of the ship called le Marie Weleshote of Bristoll' Bristol , in person, or by his agents or attorneys, to take his ship, loaded with goods and merchandise, provided it does not pertain to the Cales' Calais Staple, to Burdegal' Bordeaux , trade with it and bring it back to England loaded with other goods and merchandise, or other places under the king's obedience, without impediment or trouble from the king or his officers. The king does not wish May or his deputies to be troubled by the king or his heirs, or any of the king's officers or ministers, or those of his heirs, provided that he has paid the customs, subsidies and other dues to the king, as is just.

15

Same as above

Licence to Selly David Cely , owner of a ship called le Cristofre of Asshe Saltash , in person, as above mutatis mutandis .

17

2 September 1452 . Westm' Westminster . Concerning the power granted to John [Talbot], earl of Shrewsbury, lieutenant of Aquitaine.

Lately, by other letters patent John [Talbot], earl of Shrewsbury , was appointed lieutenant in the duchy of Aquitaine, and with the assent of the king's council, he is granted full power and authority as follows, namely:

  1. to receive into the king's peace all the cities, towns, boroughs, castles, fortalices and places, and their inhabitants, and to pardon all the king's enemies and rebels who wish to come and return to the king's peace, and restore to them the lands, tenements and possessions, rights, hereditaments and lordships, which they had before they left the king's obedience, whether they are English, Irish, Welsh, Scots, French, Gascon, Guyennais ( Acquitanis ) and of any other nationality, and of rebellions, criminal perpetrations, lese majesty, robberies, robberies, homicides, despoliations, murders, rapes, trespasses, excesses, and all other kinds of criminal cases committed in the duchy, and to abolish and remove any banishments that have been publicly pronounced;
  2. to take and receive in the king's name the homage, oaths and fealty of all manner of lieges there, both prelates, nobles and commons;
  3. to take the advice and council of the prelates, nobles and communities for securing the better governance and state of the land;
  4. to make and fix tallages and impositions on the people and merchandise of the country, through the advice of the lords and communities, for the governance, salvation and defence of the country, and to revoke and restrain them if they seem contrary to the honour and profit of the king;
  5. to make as much gold, silver and black money from the king's mint as often as it seems advisable to him, and of whatever currency and value he thinks are advantageous to the king;
  6. to receive opponents and punish offenders, and further to appoint all manner of officers and ministers of whatsoever status or condition, excepting the constable and mayor of Bordeaux , and those who have continued in their loyalty appointed by the king by his letters patent under the great seal before Easter last;
  7. to make councillors who will seem necessary and opportune to him for the governance of the country, paying such salary to them as will seem reasonable, and removing them when it will seem reasonable and substituting others in their place;
  8. to make truces with the enemies and rebels for such time as will seem best to him for the honour and utility of the king, and make safe-conducts and safe guards, for the time that will seem best to him;
  9. to make as many safe-conducts and safe-guards to endure for as long as he considers best within the duchy;
  10. to ordain such payments for ordinary and accustomed charges from the issues and profits of the duchy that are in the king's hands, which he considers best for the honour and profit of the king, and for the keeping and governance of the duchy;
  11. to be able to grant and permit that wine from the Haut-Pays of the duchy ( alta patria ducatus ) is able to come and be carried to the city of Burdegal' Bordeaux , paying, by the advice of the king's council there, certain impositions in aid and support of the war, and also to ratify and confirm franchises, liberties, customs and privileges previously granted to the citizens, cities and places of the duchy, and the inhabitants of the same, and reasonably used by them, and if they were used, to grant them anew;
  12. to be able present and confer on suitable people dignities, offices and other benefices which are vacant, or which will become vacant in both churches, cathedrals and colleges, and other churches and places which pertain to the king's gift;
  13. to demolish and destroy, by the advice of the king's council there, all manner of fortalices which are not able to be properly held, and especially those that have been conquered by the king's rebels, excepting fortalices which belong to the king's patrimony;
  14. to exercise high and low justice, and complete and shared jurisdiction in whatsoever place in the parts where the lieutenant is, and to try, and punish all and singular traitors and rebels guilty of the crime of lèse majesté or high crimes of whatever kind according to the demands of the case;
  15. to order the constable of Bordeaux to suitably provision the towns, castles and other places which pertain to the king with victuals and other necessaries for the stocking and defence of the same;
  16. to grant, by the advice of the king's council there, the lands and inheritances of the king's rebels that have been confiscated, and which have not been otherwise granted by the king, to suitable people who well deserve them, up to a value of 20 l.st. a year, and for a term of years or for life, provided those lands and possessions are not within the city of Bordeaux, or pertain to the demesne of the duchy.

The king promises to confirm whatever the lieutenant does by virtue of this authority and power, and orders all prelates, nobles and communities of the cities, towns, castles, fortalices, places and all ministers, officers and other subjects of the king in the duchy of whatsoever status to diligently obey and be intendant on the lieutenant when they will be requested to do so by the lieutenant, his commissaries or deputies. 1

By K. and C.

1.
Most of one line has been erased in this last section of the letters.

For Guilhem Pineau.

18

1 September 1452 . Westm' Westminster . For Guilhem Pineau .

Grant for life, for his good service, to Pinelli Guilhem Pineau, servant of the dean of Saint-Seurin, Bordeaux , 1 servant of the king, and his faithful subject, originating in the duchy of Aquitaine, of the houses, lands and possessions of Tiranum Tiran , Bernoms Bernones and Bussac in the Burdegalen' diocese of Bordeaux , with all their rights, rents, dues and appurtenances, which have been confiscated; the office of keeper of the affixing hostages of the execution of the king's court ( hostagia per curiam executoris regii Burdegal' apponi consueta ) 2 with its customary wages; the custody of the rivers and fisheries in the Bordelais, which are in the king's gift; and also the royal rights and dues on cooking pots ( olle terree ), with all its rights, wages and appurtenances. The rights and dues were formerly collected by Maiac Johan de Mayac, king's messenger , and do not exceed 40 l.st. a year.

By K.

1.
Pey du Taste , dean of Saint-Seurin from 1445 to 1460, but he left Bordeaux for England in 1449. Whilst in England he became a member of the king's council.
2.
The profit of the seals and affixing seals on houses belonging to people under arrest. See Livre des Bouillons , Archives Municipales de Bordeaux (Bordeaux, 1867), pp 394-5.
19

Same as above

And it is ordered to the king's lieutenant in the duchy, the seneschal of the duchy and the judge appellate of Gascony , or their lieutenants, to deliver to Pineau , the houses, lands, possessions, hostages ( hostagiorum ), keeperships, rights and dues.

For Pey de Sauterisse.

20

1 September 1452 . Westm' Westminster .

Grant for life by the king's special grace to Sautarissa Pey de Sauterisse, servant of the dean of Sanctus Severinus Saint-Seurin, Burdegalen' Bordeaux , 1 originating in Blavia Blaye , of the office of bayle of Sordua Sorde in the Aquen' diocese of Dax , with the customary tolls due there, which office does not exceed 20 l.st. a year. The king has made the grant because Sauterisse was captured and put to a grave ransom, and in consideration of the good service he has done and will do to the king.

By K.

1.
Pey du Taste , dean of Saint-Seurin from 1445 to 1460, but he left Bordeaux for England in 1449. Whilst in England he became a member of the king's council.
21

Same as above

And it is ordered to the seneschal of the Landes , the Aquen' prévôt of Dax and the Sanctus Severus prévôt of Saint-Sever , or their lieutenants, to deliver to Pey [de Sauterisse] the office of bayle.

For Pey de Sauterisse, chaplain.

22

1 September 1452 . Westm' Westminster .

Grant for life by the king's special grace to Sautarissa Pey de Sauterisse, chaplain , originating in the duchy of Aquitaine, of the tithes of Saint-Paul for Sanctus Paulus Saint-Paul[-lès-Dax] in the Aquen' diocese of Dax , which Lord Caunario Bernat de Cauna, kt , 1 an enemy and rebel of the king, held, and his predecessors hold from time out of memory, the value of the same not exceeding 40 l.st. a year; and also the tax, rents, fees, issues, emoluments, mills, presentations, actions and all other rights and dues, which Lescuno, de Johan de Lescun , an old enemy and rebel of the king, held, and his predecessors held in the Larfontanum parish of Lahontan , in the Aquen' prévôté of Dax , the true value of the same being 20 l.st. a year. The king further grants to Sauterisse the office of clerk of the king's council in Burdegal' Bordeaux , with its customary wages, the writing offices of the court of the seneschal , the judge appellate of Gascony and the Umbrarie, Burdegal' prévôté of the Ombrière of Bordeaux . He is to hold these offices for life, the true value of the same being 40 l.st. a year. The king has granted this to Sauterisse's for his good service, and in consideration of his service to the dean of Sanctus Severinus Saint-Seurin, Burdegalen' Bordeaux , 2 his master, from the beginning of his mission as ambassador sent to the king's presence, both in England and elsewhere, until the present day.

By K.

1.
Like a lot of Landais nobles, Bernat de Cauna, son of Loys de Cauna, lord of Cauna (d. 1460), submitted to King Charles VII of France in 1442 after the Journée de Tartas .
2.
Pey du Taste , dean of Saint-Seurin from 1445 to 1460, but he left Bordeaux for England in 1449. Whilst in England he became a member of the king's council.
23

Same as above

And it is ordered to the seneschal of Aquitaine, the judge appellate of Gascony, and the seneschal of the Landes , the Aquen' prévôt of Dax and the Sanctus Severus prévôt of Saint-Sever , and their lieutenants, to deliver to Pey [de Sauterisse] the tithes, tax, rents, fees, issues, emoluments, mills, presentations, actions, rights and dues, and the writing offices.

24

11 September 1452 . Westm' Westminster . For George Swillington .

Grant in perpetuity by the king's special grace to Swyllyngton' George Swillington, esquire , of all those lordships, fees, lands, tenements, rents, issues, and possessions which pertained to Decremaill Johan de Caraman, lord of Navails Navailles , an old enemy of the king's, or his heirs, before the last surrender of the duchy, all of which are situated in the seneschalcy of the Landes , and notwithstanding that no express mention of the annual value of the same is made in these presents, or any statute, ordinance or provision contrary to this grant.

By K.

25

5 September 1452 . Westm' Westminster . For Loys Despoy, kt .

Order to the king's lieutenant in Aquitaine and to the procurator fiscal of the duchy to give to Loys Despoy, kt , king's councillor of Aquitaine , and his heirs the actual possession of various goods and possessions given to him on 8 April 1451:

  1. all the possessions in his Monquc lordship and castellany of Montcuq occupied by some of the king's rebels who have not defended them, Despoy being allowed to entrust their protection to anybody before retaking possession of them;
  2. all the houses, tenements, mills, vineyards and other goods which belong to Peyre de Chaumont , Pont, du Peyre Dupont , Sausyhnac Berdot called de Saussignac and la Rybere Peyre de Laribière , and their wives, who were guilty of the surrender ( perditio et compositio ) of Bergerac, Montcuq;
  3. the manor ( domus ) 1 of Banhaux Baigneaux in the castellany of Blaignac , in the king's hands by the rebellion of this house's heir, with its arrears and issues received unlawfully by Bost, de Monot Dubosc and Aliot Héliot de Canteloup ;
  4. the place of Monclar Montclard in Petragoricum Périgord and Gardone Gardonne and Badeffol Badefols in Sarlades Sarladais , and anything in the rebel obedience up to 40 l.st. a year;
  5. and in reward for the 300 fr. all the arrears and debts to be paid to the rebels of Bergerac by the king's subjects in the Montcuq lordship of Montcuq to the value of 300 fr. ;
  6. the castle and lordship of Granhous Grignols in the land of Périgord, being outside the king's allegiance with its appurtenances belonging to the king by the rebellion of the current lord of Grignols 2 who had plotted the surrender of Bergerac and Montcuq;
  7. with the lands and issues belonging to Deaupel Johan Beaupoil and his wife, inhabitants in the Granhous lordship of Grignols , 3 up to 100 m. a year.

The king has previously granted the castle and lordship of Gensac and Blaignac to Despoy until he could be given others of the same value, and as on order of Lord Dudley , 4 then commissary general in Aquitaine, he had returned it to be given to the count of Longueville, captal de Buch , 5 whom Dudley has had given it in compensation for possession entrusted to him to settle a dispute with the city of Bordeaux, and as Longueville as given to Despoy the lands of Cairye Queyries and Roffiac Rouffiac , the value of which was less than half than Blaignac and Gensac's ones, and as on Dudley's order Despoy has paid to Longueville 300 fr. to discharge the king for Longueville could not take possession of Gensac and Blaignac.

1.
In Gascon an ostau was a house and its surrounding possessions. It has been translated here as 'manor'.
2.
Charles I de Talleyrand(-Périgord) (d. c. 1468).
3.
On 3 April 1456, we learn that Johan Beaupoil had rights on goods of Grignols because of his wife (since 1440) Mariota Prévost , daughter of Catharina de Talleyrand, aunt of Charles I de Talleyrand, lord of Grignols. See Saint-Allais, M. de, Précis historique sur les comtes de Périgord et les branches qui en descendent (Paris, 1836), p. 65.
4.
John Sutton, lord Dudley .
5.
Gaston de Foix .
26

10 September 1452 . Westm' Westminster . For Guy Alford .

Grant for life by the king's special grace to Affourd Guy Alford, the king's servant , and licentiate of civil law , for his good service, and in compensation for his goods, both moveable and immoveable, that he lately lost by the overthrow ( per subversionem ) of the duchy of Normandy , of the office of procurator fiscal in the duchy of Aquitaine , which office Karle Ramon Carles , a liege man of the king's French enemy, held at the time of the loss of the city of Bordeaux.

By K., and of the date etc.

27

1 September 1452 . Westm' Westminster . For the appointment of [the earl of] Shrewsbury as lieutenant of the duchy of Aquitaine .

To all prelates, counts, vicomtes, barons, knights and free tenants, seneschals, mayors, jurats, consuls, universitality, colleges, communities, constables, castellans, prévôts and receivers of issues, and bayles, and the king's faithful subjects of the duchy of Aquitaine, and others.

Appointment of John [Talbot], earl of Shrewsbury , as king's lieutenant in the duchy of Aquitaine. They are to obey, answer and be intendant on him while he holds the office.

By K. and C.

28

20 October 1452 . Westm' Westminster . Licence to take.

Grant of a licence for one year, to Dorta Johan d'Orthe , that he, with three or four other merchants is able to go in a ship of capacity of 300 tuns or less, charged with goods and merchandise, provided it does not pertain to the Cales' Calais Staple, to Burdegal' Bordeaux and Baion' Bayonne , discharge the cargo, and bring it back to England loaded with other goods and merchandise, as often as they like within the year. The king does not wish that Orthe, the merchants, masters, mariners or any of them are to be troubled by the king or his heirs, or any of the king's officers or ministers, or those of his heirs, provided that the customs, subsidies and other dues owed to the king have been paid.

For protection.

29

24 January 1453 . Westm' Westminster .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for one year, for Barowe, Barowe Walter Barrow, alias Walter Barowe, esquire atte Baroghe , alias Walter atte Barogh , or by whatever other name he is known, who is going in the king's service to the duchy of Aquitaine in the company of Robert [Hungerford], lord Moleyns , and staying there for the defence of the duchy.

By bill of p.s.

30

1 February 1453 . Westm' Westminster .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for a quarter of one year, for Notsons, Notson, Nutson John Knottson, late of London, yeoman, alias John Notson late of London, yeoman, alias John Nutson, late of Sandewicum, Kant' Sandwich, Kent , or by whatever other name he is known, who is going in the king's service to the duchy of Aquitaine in the company of Hungerforde Robert Hungerford, Molyns lord Moleyns , kt , and staying there for the defence of the duchy.

By bill of p.s.

31

30 January 1453 . Westm' Westminster .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for a quarter of one year, for Broker Robert Brooker of London , gentleman , alias Robert Broker of London, alias Robert Broker, late of London, gentleman, alias Robert Broker, late of London, serjeant , or by whatever other name he is known, who is going in the king's service to the duchy of Aquitaine in the company of John [Talbot], Lysle viscount Lisle , kt , and staying there for the defence of the duchy.

By bill of p.s., and of the date etc.

32

Same as above

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for a quarter of one year, for Vyell' Peter Viel of the vill of Westm' Westminster, Middlesex , draper , alias Peter Viel of Westminster, Middlesex, hosier , alias Peter Viel, late of Suthwerk Southwark, Surrey , merchant , who is going in the king's service to Aquitaine in the company of John [Talbot], Lysle viscount Lisle , kt , 1 and staying there for the victualling of Bordeaux.

By bill of p.s., and of the date etc.

1.
Talbot is described as both viscount and lord Lisle in the entry.
33

5 December 1452 . Setyngbourne Sittingbourne . For Henry Redford, kt .

Grant for life by the king's special grace to Henry Redford, kt , for his good service in the war and in other ways, of the office of mayor of Burdegal' Bordeaux , which office Gadifer Shorthose, kt , who has taken the side of the French enemy, held at the time the city was overthrown.

34

8 February 1453 . Westm' Westminster . For protection .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for a quarter of one year, for John Scudamore, kt , or by whatever other name he is known, who is going in the king's service to the duchy of Aquitaine in the company of John [Talbot], viscount Lisle , 1 and staying there for the defence of the duchy.

By bill of p.s., and of the date etc.

1.
Talbot is described as both viscount and lord Lisle in the entry.
35

21 December 1452 . Westm' Westminster . For putting into possession .

Order to John [Talbot], earl of Shrewsbury , king's lieutenant in the duchy of Aquitaine , to admit Affourd Guy Alford, licentiate of civil law , into possession of the office of procurator fiscal in the duchy , to hold according to the tenor of the king's letters, the king having granted it to him for life which office Karle Ramon Carles , a liege man of the king's French enemy, held at the time of the loss of the city of Burdegal' Bordeaux .

36

7 March 1453 . Westm' Westminster . For viscount Lisle .

Commitment to John Talbot, viscount Lisle , by the advice and consent of the king's council, of the leadership and governance of the army that is being sent to John [Talbot], earl of Shrewsbury , the king's lieutenant general in the duchy , by the advice and assent of the king's council. The appointment is made because the king wishes it to be lead to the earl in good order, and the viscount is granted full authority and power to govern the army, punishing any crimes committed by them, until the army is brought to the earl. All the men-at-arms and archers are ordered to be intendant on and obey the viscount in all things concerning his position.

By K. and C.

37

17 January 1453 . Westm' Westminster . For a confirmation for Talbot .

Inspeximus of certain letters of John [Talbot], earl of Shrewsbury , the king's lieutenant general in the duchy of Aquitaine , in these words:

13 November 1452 . Bourdeaulx Bordeaux

Grant for life by John [Talbot], earl of Shrewsbury , Wexford and Waterford, lord Talbot, Furnivall and Strange, lieutenant general and governor for the king of England and France in the duchy of Guyenne , by his letters patent and by the royal power granted to him by the king, to Thomas Talbot, esquire , for his good service to the king and to the earl, and especially in the conquest and reduction of the city and country of Bourdeaulx Bordeaux and the Bourdelois Bordelais , of the office of clerk of the market of Bordeaux , holding the same with all customary wages and profits appurtenant to it, and in the way that one called Pykbourne Pigburn held it. On the behalf of the king and the earl it is ordered to all serjeants-at-arms and royal ones who ... that they are to put Thomas Talbot, or his proctor or attorney in possession and seisin of the office, and suffer him to enjoy and use the same office fully and peacefully. And it is ordered to all those whom it concerns, that they are to aid, counsel and be intendant on Thomas Talbot in the execution of his office without disturbing or obstructing him.

The king confirms the letters and everything contained in them.

By K. and and of the date etc., and for five marks paid into the hanaper.

38

4 February 1453 . Westm' Westminster . For the pardon of Caupenne and others .

Pardon to Caupene Johan de Caupenne, lord of Cantemerle , Caupene Bertran de Caupenne , Podio Pey Dupuch , their nephew, and Valenx, Bourt Arnaut-Guilhem de Baylenx, called the Bourc de Cantermerle , 1 esquires of the duchy of Aquitaine, for the death of Ramon de Veyrines and Berdollet Berdolet Dieu de Double , remitting all penalties and forfeitures both of body and goods, and reinstating their good reputations and revoking any processes begun against, this being made known to the procurator, constable, lieutenant and seneschal.

The Caupennes and the others have shown how on 12 November 1452 they arrived at a place called Ludedon' Ludon, in the lordship of Agassacum Agassac in Medulcum Médoc , in the Burdegalen' diocese of Bordeaux , where they found Ramon de Veyrines and a certain person called Berdollet Berdolet Dieu de Double , with certain of their accomplices, who had previously inflicted many excesses and damage to Johan de Caupenne, his men and others of his country, and were continuing to do so, which moved Caupenne and the others to anger for these excesses, and desiring vengeance, they set upon Veyrines and Dieu de Double, and inflicted many wounds on them, killing them. The procurator fiscal of the duchy of Aquitaine , at the prompting of the constable of Bordeaux, proceeded against Caupenne and the others for the deaths, but not being able to apprehend them, he seized their goods and put them in the king's hands. The king wishes to temper justice with mercy, and realizes that a man in the grip of rage cannot control himself, and considering the good service of the Caupennes and their predecessors who were of noble birth, and of Dupuch and Baylenx in the war, grants the pardon.

By p.s., and of the date etc.

1.
The word bourc (then written borc in Gascon) meant bastard, that is an illigitimate son.
39

12 March 1453 . Redyng Reading . For a licence to carry wheat .

To all the admirals etc.

Grant of a licence to Treguran John Tregoran, citizen and vintner of London , that he, in person or by his servants, can load 400 quarters of wheat which he bought and purveyed in Kant' Kent and elsewhere in England, in a certain ship of John [Talbot], earl of Shrewsbury , called la Christofore of Wychelse Winchelsea in whatever port it pleases him, and take it to Bordeaux to provide victuals for the king's lieges there. It is ordered that Tregoran or his servants be permitted to take the wheat there without paying the customs, subsidies or other dues.

40

15 March 1453 . Redyng Reading . For John Skelton .

Order to the abbot and convent of the abbey of Sainte-Croix within the walls of Burdegall' Bordeaux to admit the king's liege John Skelton to a corrody in the abbey, to hold the same for the term of his life with all its appurtenances. On 20 November 1451 the king, by his letters patent, and by his special grace, granted the corrody to Skelton, just as the king and his progenitors have been accustomed to do from time out of memory.

41

21 March 1453 . Redyng Reading . For protection .

To the king's lieutenant in the duchy of Aquitaine , the constable of Bordeaux, the judge of Gascony , or their lieutenants, the procurator fiscal of the duchy , and the king's other officers and ministers.

Letters of protection, granted to Payn Thomas Pain, owner of a ship called le Marie of Suthampton' Southampton , his ship, its master and mariners with the king's arms that it is carrying as far as the duchy, residing there, and returning to England as the king has received them into his protection and safe-keeping. They are to be maintained, protected and defended, and no one is to be permitted to injure, disturb, arrest, hinder or harm them. If any arrest is made on them because of any debt, trespass or for any other reason against this protection, then they are to be released from arrest without delay. Pain has requested that the king will preserve him, his ship, master and mariners from arrest, trouble or disturbance in taking the king's arms to the duchy, staying there and returning, for his ship has been arrested by the king to do this, and he fears that they will be arrested in the duchy by certain of his enemies there, and the king wishes to grant the request.

42

21 March 1453 . Redyng Reading . For Pey de Sauterisse .

Grant to Sautarissa Pey de Sauterisse, chaplain of the king's servant of the Sanctus Severinus dean of Saint-Seurin, Burdegalen' Bordeaux 1 that he is able to hold and exercise the office of clerk of the king's council in Burdegal' Bordeaux , the writing offices of the court of the seneschal , the judge appellate of Gascony and the Umbrarie, Burdegal' prévôté of the Ombrière of Bordeaux which the king granted to him for life by his letters patent on 1 September 1452, by a deputy or deputies, with their profits and emoluments. Sauterisse has requested that he may hold and exercise the offices in this way, and the king being favourable inclined to him has granted it by his special grace. 2

By K, and of the date etc.

1.
Pey du Taste , dean of Saint-Seurin from 1445 to 1460, but he left Bordeaux for England in 1449. Whilst in England he became a member of the king's council.
2.
For the original grant to Sauterisse of these offices, see entry 22 .
43

13 April 1453 . Westm' Westminster . For safe-keeping .

To the seneschal of Aquitaine, and the constable and judges of Bordeaux, and also all other seneschals, constables, judges, castellans, prévôts, officers and ministers of the king in the duchy of Aquitaine.

Letters of protection during pleasure, granted to Bertran Gayfer, merchant of Burdegalia Bordeaux , his men, tenants and servants, and also his lands, tenements, property and rents, and all his possessions and goods, as the king has received them into his protection and safe-keeping for as long as they remain loyal subjects. They are to be maintained, protected and defended, and no one is to be permitted to injure, damage or hinder them. If they have suffered forfeiture or injury in their person, lands, tenements, property, rents, possessions and goods, then it is to be put right without delay, and the protection is also to be publicly proclaimed.

44

13 February 1453 . Westm' Westminster . For protection, Eton .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for a quarter of a year, for Thomas Eton, late of Burdegal' Bordeaux , merchant , alias Thomas Eton of London , esquire , who is going to Aquitaine, in the king's service, in the company of Roger [Camoys], lord Camoys , who is going and residing there for the defence and victualling of Burdegal' Bordeaux and its neighbouring parts.

By bill of p.s. and of the date etc.

45

10 February 1453 . Westm' Westminster . For protection .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for a quarter of a year, for John Calstyn' , who is going to Aquitaine, in the king's service, in the company of Roger [Camoys], lord Camoys , who is going and residing there for the safe-keeping and defence of the duchy.

By bill of p.s. and of the date etc.

46

15 February 1453 . Westm' Westminster . For protection .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for a quarter of a year, for Teryngton' Thomas Terrington , or by whatever other name he is known, who is going to the duchy of Aquitaine, in the king's service, in the company of Robert [Hungerford], lord Moleyns , who is going and residing there for the safe-keeping and defence of the duchy.

By bill of p.s. and of the date etc.

47

10 February 1453 . Westm' Westminster . For protection .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for a quarter of a year, for Gyfford John Giffard, citizen and tailor of London, alias John Giffard, citizen and draper of London , or by whatever name he is known as, who is going to the duchy of Aquitaine in the king's service in the company of John Talbot, Lysle viscount and lord Lisle , staying there for the safe-keeping and victualling of those parts.

By bill of p.s. etc.

48

14 February 1453 . Westm' Westminster . For protection .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for a quarter of a year, for Nete John Neat , or by whatever other name he is known as, who is going to Aquitaine in the king's service, in the company of Robert [Hungerford], Molyns lord Moleyns , and residing there for the safe-keeping and defence of the same duchy.

By bill of p.s. and of the date etc.

49

16 February 1453 . Westm' Westminster . For protection .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for a quarter of a year, for Nicholas Haydy , or by whatever other name he is known, who is going to the duchy of Aquitaine in the king's service in the company of John Talbot, Lysle viscount and lord Lisle , staying there for the safe-keeping and defence of those parts.

By bill of p.s. and of the date etc.

50

17 February 1453 . Westm' Westminster . For the earl of Shrewsbury .

Grant, by the king's special grace, and by the advice and with the assent of the king's council, to John [Talbot], earl of Shrewsbury , for the great service that he has done, and costs and charges that he has sustained, of the thirds from prisoners and from other things taken by those appointed as captains of the soldiers going to the duchy of Aquitaine which those captains are bound to answer for to the king, and also the third part of the thirds from prisoners taken by those soldiers and paid to the captains. The king has appointed John [Talbot, vicount] Lisle , kt , Robert Hungerford, [lord] Moleyns , kt , Roger Camoys, [lord] Camois Camoys , kt , John Lisle, kt , and John, bastard of Somerset , as captains of the men-at-arms, soldiers and archers, whom the king has retained for a quarter of a year to go to the duchy, provided that they pay these thirds, just as more fully appears in several indentures made between the king and the captains.

By bill of p.s. and of the date etc.

For protection.

51

16 February 1453 . Westm' Westminster .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for one year, for Bocher Robert Butcher of Humbresho Humbershoe in Bedfordshire , alias Robert Butcher of Markeyate Markyate in Bedfordshire, butcher Oter, Other , alias Robert Otter of Markyate in Bedfordshire, butcher, alias Robert Otter of Humbershoe in Bedfordshire, butcher , 1 who is going in the king's service in the company of Fynderne Thomas Findern, lieutenant of the Guysnes castle of Guînes in Picardie Picardy for the safe-keeping and victualling of the same castle.

By bill of p.s. and of the date etc.

1.
Humbershoe and Markyate are not too distant from each other, but on opposite sides of the Bedfordshire/Hertfordshire borders, the clerk erroneously locating Markyate in Bedfordshire.
52

26 February 1453 . Westm' Westminster .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for a quarter of a year, for John Nynne of Cantuar' Canterbury in Kant' Kent , merchant , alias John Nynne of Canterbury, taverner , or by whatever other name he is known as, who is going in the king's service to the duchy of Aquitaine,in the company of John Talbot, viscount Lisle , and staying there for the safe-keeping, defence and victualling of the same duchy.

By bill of p.s. and of the date etc.

53

25 February 1453 . Westm' Westminster .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for a quarter of a year, for Helmesley John Helmsley of Selby by Howeden Howden in Ebor' Yorkshire , yeoman Helmeslay , alias John Helmsley of Selby by Howden, yeoman , who is going in the king's service in the company of Roger [Camoys], lord Camoys , to Aquitaine, and staying there for the safe-keeping and defence of the city of Burdegal' Bordeaux .

By bill of p.s. and of the date etc.

54

24 February 1453 . Westm' Westminster .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for one year, for Mongenynge Menjonin Manos, master of the ship called Clement , late of Bayon' Bayonne Mongenyng , alias Menjonin Manos, late of Baion' Bayonne , alias Menjonin Manos, mariner , or by whatever other name he is known by, who is staying in the king's service in the company of John [Talbot], earl of Shrewsbury , lieutenant-general in the duchy of Aquitaine , for the safe-keeping, victualling and defence of the duchy.

By bill of p.s. and of the date etc.

55

24 February 1453 . Westm' Westminster .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , until ... next, for Garciot, Villenawe Gassiot de Villenave, alias Gassiot de Villenave, late of Baion' Bayonne , or by whatever name he is known as, who is staying in the king's service in the company of John [Talbot], earl of Shrewsbury , lieutenant-general in the duchy of Aquitaine , for the safe-keeping, victualling and defence of the duchy.

By bill of p.s. and of the date etc.

56

27 February 1453 . Westm' Westminster . For protection .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for a quarter of one year, for Barowe Walter Barrow, alias Walter Barrow, esquire atte Barogh , alias Walter atte Barrow , or by whatever name he is known as, who is going in the king's service in the company of Robert [Hungerford], lord Moleyns , to the duchy of Aquitaine, and staying there for the safe-keeping and defence of the duchy.

By bill of p.s. etc.

For protection.

57

28 February 1453 . Westm' Westminster .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for a quarter of one year, for John Fylson' of London , fishmonger , alias John Fylson' of the city of London, fishmonger, alias John Philson' of the city of London, merchant , or by whatever other name he is known as, who is going in the king's service in the company of John [Talbot], viscount Lisle , to the duchy of Aquitaine, and staying there for the safe-keeping of the same duchy.

By bill of p.s. and of the date etc.

58

28 February 1453 . Westm' Westminster .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for a quarter of one year, for Bisshop' John Bishop of London , salter , alias John Bishop of the city of London, salter, alias John Bishop of London, merchant , or by whatever other name his is known by, who is going in the king's service in the company of John [Talbot], viscount Lisle , to the duchy of Aquitaine, and staying there for the safe-keeping of the same duchy.

By bill of p.s. etc.

59

Same as above

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for a quarter of one year, for Norwode Thomas Norwood of the city of London , fishmonger , alias Thomas Norwood of London, fishmonger, alias Thomas Norwood of London, merchant , or by whatever other name he is known as, who is going in the king's service in the company of John [Talbot], viscount Lisle , to the duchy of Aquitaine, and staying there for the safe-keeping of the same duchy.

By bill of p.s. and of the date etc.

60

13 March 1453 . Westm' Westminster .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for a quarter of a year, for Calsteyn' John Calstyn' , brewer , who is going to Aquitaine, in the king's service, in the company of Roger [Camoys], lord Camoys , who is going and residing there for the safe-keeping and defence of the duchy.

By bill of p.s. etc.

61

14 May 1453 . Westm' Westminster . For safe-conduct . 1

Letters of protection and safe-conduct for one year, granted to Melyn' Jean Melin , Guennet Alain Guenet and Jacquemet le Texier , of Brittany , prisoners of Bonevile William Bonneville, kt , at Boneville's special request, and also a certain ship of Brittany of capacity of 120 tuns or less, loaded with various of their goods, merchandise and equipment, to come into England, and the king's lordships and jurisdictions, to reside there, reload the ship with other merchandise, and return home with them, and to come and go as often as they please, any marques, counter-marques or reprisals granted by the king to the contrary notwithstanding. With the proviso that the prisoners, or their factors, attorneys and servants, and also the masters and mariners are to conduct themselves well and faithfully towards the king, and not to do anything to the prejudice or damage of the king and his people, and none of them are to attempt to enter any of the king's castles, fortalices or towns without showing these present letters of safe-conduct to the captains, mayors or governors of those places. Proviso also that if it happens that any of the prisoners, or their factors, attorneys and servants, or any of their masters and mariners infringe the safe-conduct, the king does not wish that the others be prejudiced by this infringement, but only those making the infringement. Finally it is provided that no wheat should be carried by this safe-conduct except in Cornub' Cornwall , Devon , Somerset and Dorset .

1.
Vacated because it is elsewhere on the French Rolls for the same year.
62

5 June 1453 . Westm' Westminster . For protection .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for one year, for Hille Thomas Hill, of Plymmouth' Plymouth in Devon , merchant , alias Thomas Hill, late of Plymouth, gentleman , alias Thomas Hill of Plymouth, gentleman , or by whatever name he is known as, who is staying in Gascony in the king's service in the company of John [Talbot], earl of Shewsbury , lieutenant-general of the duchy of Aquitaine , for the safe-keeping, defence and victualling of the duchy.

By bill of p.s.

63

18 May 1453 . Westm' Westminster . For protection .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for one year, for Geoffrey Vuton , late of Quarre Quarr, in the Insula Vecta Isle of Wight, in Sutht' Hampshire , esquire , or by whatever name he is known as, who is staying in Gascony in the king's service in the company of John [Talbot], earl of Shewsbury , lieutenant-general of the duchy of Aquitaine , for the safe-keeping, defence and victualling of the duchy.

By bill of p.s., and of the date etc.

64

19 June 1453 . Westm' Westminster . For protection .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for one year, for Calsteyn' John Calstyn' , of London , brewer , or by whatever name he is known as, who is staying in the king's service in the company of John [Talbot], earl of Shewsbury , lieutenant of the duchy of Aquitaine , for the safe-keeping and defence of the duchy.

By bill of p.s., and of the date etc.

65

9 July 1453 . Westm' Westminster . For George Busshet .

Grant for life to George Busshet , for his good service, and the great labour and costs that he has sustained in the duchy of Aquitaine in the company of the dean of Sanctus Severinus Saint-Seurin in the restoring of the city of Burdegal' Bordeaux and its adjacent country into the king's obedience, that he be one of the Burdegal' king's serjeants-at arms of the castle of Bordeaux , with all the customary fees, wages, profits and commodities anciently pertaining to the office.

By bill of p.s., and of the date etc.

66

4 July 1453 . Westm' Westminster . For Roger, lord Camoys .

Grant by the king's special grace, to Roger Camoys, lord Camoys , in consideration of his good service, of the office of seneschal of the duchy of Aquitaine. To hold the office during pleasure, with the customary wages, fees, profits, issues and commodities pertaining to that office, statutes, acts, restrictions or orders to the contrary notwithstanding.

By bill of p.s., and of the aforesaid date, by the authority of parliament.

67

16 July 1453 . Westm' Westminster . For Johan Gaucem . 1

Appointment for life, by the king's special grace, to Gancelyn Johan Gaucem , originating from Burdegal' Bordeaux , who is a servant and member of the household of the Sanctus Siverinus dean of Saint-Seurin, Burdegal' Bordeaux , and for many years has been put to great pains and labours for the king's profit, both by land and sea, that he be one of the king's moneyers in the duchy of Aquitaine. Holding and exercising that office in the the city [of Bordeaux] and elsewhere in the duchy with the customary wages, rights, profits and emoluments pertaining to that office.

By bill of p.s., and of the date etc.

1.
A note in the margin states ' extractus '.
68

20 July 1453 . Westm' Westminster . For a confirmation .

Inspeximus and confirmation of letters patent of John [Talbot], earl of Shewsbury Wefford, Straunge Wexford and Waterford, lord Talbot, Furnival and Strange, marshal of France, lieutenant-general of the duchy of Aquitaine , to Baldwin Fulford, kt, made in these words:

4 April 1453 . Burdeaux Bordeaux .

Grant by John Talbot, earl of Shrewsbury , Wexford and Waterford , lord Talbot , Furnival and Strange , marshal of France , lieutenant general and governor for the king of England and of France in his country and duchy of Aquitaine , to Foleford Baldwin Fulford, kt , for his good service to the king in his wars since his youth age, expending great sums of money, of the castle, town and lordship of Miranbeau lordship of Mirambeau in the diocese Deuxanctonge diocese of Saintes , which is at the moment occupied by certain enemies of the king, by whose rebellion that castle, town and lordship have been confiscated by the king, up to the value of 25 l.st. a year, with the proviso that the king would not have previously granted this lordship by his letters patent and that this lordship was not part of the ancient domain of the king. Order to deliver this lordship to him.

Inspeximus also of other letters patent of the same earl to Baldwin Fulford, in the following words:

11 April 1453 . Bordeaulx Bordeaux .

Similar grant to Foleford Baldwin Fulford, kt , of the lands and lordships of Martaigne Mortagne , and the Coses castellany of Cozes , in the Diocise Dexauntes diocese of Saintes . And order to deliver him these lordships.

By bill of p.s., and of the date etc., and for half a mark paid into the hanaper.

69

24 July 1453 . Westm' Westminster . For Pey de Montferrand . 1

Pardon by the king's special grace, to Mountferrant Pey de Montferrand, esquire , latrau Soudan de La Trau , notwithstanding whatever oath or oaths he has sworn to the king's adversary of France, provided that he had dispensation from those in authority over him, and imposing silence in these matters on the king's procurator, provided that he swears an oath of fealty to the king's lieutenant general, or the seneschal of Aquitaine, or the lieutenant of either of them.

On behalf of Montferrand, the king has been informed that when, in the 29th year of the king's reign, the king's French adversary invaded the duchy with a large army, Montferrand, striving with all his might to preserve the king's domains and to remain loyal to him with his lands, castles and lordships, entered the town of Blaie Blaye to defend it with others of the king's adversary. 2 The adversary, recognising that to complete the conquest and subjugate Bordeaux and other towns, they needed to capture Blaye, brought up a great number of war machines, and used them with such cruelty that they demolished the gates and walls, and after several days entered the town and killed many, and took many prisoners. Montferrand, fearing for his life after the occupation of the city of Burdegal' Bordeaux , and much of the duchy, and searching for a way to save his lands and lordships, just like many other nobles, made an agreement with the king's adversary, and was compelled to remain obedient to him against their intention up until the previous October, when the earl of Shrewsbury , the king's lieutenant general in the duchy of Aquitaine , came, and he hastened to join him with his forces, and advised his friends and neighbours to follow him. Nonetheless Montferrand fears that, for the aforesaid reasons as long as the king's adversary are strong in the duchy, his interests are at risk without support from the king.

By p.s.

1.
A note in the margin states ' extractus' .
2.
In 1451.
70

[Incomplete letters of protection] for John Tyrell, master carpenter of Cales' Calais , alias John Tyrell of London , carpenter , who is staying there in the king's service in the company of Edmund [Beaufort], duke of Somerset , captain of the castle and town of Cales' Calais in the marches of Picardy , on the safe-keeping and provisioning of the same. 1

1.
A note in the margin states 'Vacated because it is elsewhere in the French Rolls for this year'.
71

23 August 1453 . Westm' Westminster . For protection .

Letters of protection, with clause volumus , for a quarter of one year, for Bartholomew Cowper, merchant Couper , alias Bartholomew Cowper of London , draper Cowepere, Coper, Coupere , alias Bartholomew Cowper of London, merchant, alias Bartholomew Cowper, alias Bartholomew Cowper, late of London, merchant , or by whatever other name he is known, who is going in the king's service in the company of Vile Bidau de Bielle, king's esquire , to Aquitaine, and staying there for the safe-keeping and defence of the duchy.